关于物流成本与物流效率的研究

I摘要效益是企业追求的目标，而物流业的效率是产生效益的直接源泉。对效益的不断追求是物流活动的动力源泉与直接目的，也是物流成本控制的根本所在，研究物流的专家学者直接指出：“物流效率就是效益”,可见，效率是物流业的生命所在，没有高速流转的物资就没有巨大的物资流量，也不可能产生显著的经济效益。物流成本的高低直接影响企业物流经济收益，合理控制物流成本是企业物流管理中最重要的一部分。物流成本与物流效率是一种“效益背反”的关系，考虑到物流成本对物流效率的影响，物流成本不是越低越好，而是使企业利润达到最大化才是最合理的，只有这样才能保证物流效率的提高，使企业经济效益得到增长。如何使物流成本与物流效率达到相对平衡的状态是论文论述的重点。关键词：物流成本，物流效率，经济效益，成本控制IIAbstractBenefitisthegoalpursuedbyenterprises,whilethelogisticsefficiencyistheefficiencyofdirectsource.Onthebenefitoftheconstantpursuitoflogisticsactivitiesofthepowersourceandthedirectpurposeoflogisticscostcontrol,butalsothefundamentalresearch,logisticsexpertspointout:thelogisticsefficiencyistheeffectivenessofvisible,efficiencyisthelogisticsindustry'slife,withoutthehighspeedtransfermaterialwithouthugeflowofmaterials,itisimpossibletoproduceremarkableeconomicbenefits.Logisticscostwilldirectlyaffecttheenterpriselogisticsprofit,affectbusinesseconomicbenefits,reasonablecontroloflogisticscostistheenterpriselogisticsmanagementofthemostimportantandmostdifficultpart.Onesidetheimprovementofeconomicefficiencyofenterprisesmainlyrelyontheimprovementoflogisticsefficiencyasasourceofpower,ontheotherhand,toreducethelogisticscostistheenterpriseraisesawayofeconomicbenefits.Thelogisticscostandlogisticsefficiencyisatrade-offrelationship,takingintoaccountthelogisticscostoflogisticsefficiency,logisticscostisnotaslowaspossible,buttomaximizeprofitsisthemostreasonable,theonlywaytoensuretheimprovementoflogisticsefficiency,Theeconomicbenefitsoftheenterprisegrowth.Keywords:Thecostoflogistics,Logisticsefficiency,Economicbenefits,Costcontroli目录前言........................................................................................................................................11绪论.........................................................................................................................................31.1课题背景及研究目的...................................................................................................31.2课题研究的意义...........................................................................................................31.3课题研究方向及构成...................................................................................................32物流成本与物流效率分析简述.............................................................................................52.1物流成本概述...............................................................................................................52.1.1物流成本概念.....................................................................................................52.1.2物流成本构成.....................................................................................................52.1.3国内外物流成本现状.........................................................................................52.2物流效率概述...............................................................................................................62.2.1物流效率概念.....................................................................................................62.2.2衡量物流效率的指标.........................................................................................72.2.3我国物流效率现状总结.....................................................................................73物流成本与物流效率的分析.................................................................................................93.1物流成本与物流效率的结合点...................................................................................93.2物流成本、效益、利润、效率间的关系...................................................................93.2.1物流成本与经济效益之间的关系.....................................................................93.2.2物流效率与经济效益的关系...........................................................................103.2.3物流成本与利润的关系...................................................................................113.3决定物流成本和物流效率能否平衡的要点.............................................................113.4基于物流成本与物流效率平衡的优化措施.............................................................143.4.1控制运输成本...................................................................................................143.4.2基于配送效率与配送费用的优化...................................................................153.4.3实施物流“零库存”管理...................................................................................163.4.4提高物流服务水平...........................................................................................173.4.5提高物流管理效率...........................................................................................184案例分析...............................................................................................................................214.1案例概述.....................................................................................................................214.2平衡物流成本和效率的策略.....................................................................................22结论........................................................................................................................................28致谢..........................................