植物叶片水分利用效率研究综述

29720097ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVo.l29,No.7Ju.l,2009(40725001,40671010,40701054,40501012);(KZCX2XB204.02):20080403;:20081205*Correspondingauthor.Emai:[e-mail]曹生奎1,2,冯起1,*,司建华1,常宗强1,卓玛错3,席海洋1,苏永红1(1.,73000;2.,810008;3.,810007):,,(WUE)WUE,WUE,,,:,,13C,;,13CWUE;,,,;,WUE:;:10000933(2009)07388211:Q948:ASummaryontheplantwateruseefficiencyatleaflevelCAOShengKui1,2,FENGQi1,*,SIJianHua1,CHANGZongQiang1,Zhuomacuo3,XIHaiYang1,SUYongHong11ColdandAridRegionsEnvironmentalandEngineeringResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Lanzhou730000,China2BiologicalandGeographicalSciencesInstitute,QinghaiNormalUniversity,XiNing810008,China3Departmentoftourism,QinghaiUniversityforNationalities,Xining810007,ChinaActaEcologicaSinica,2009,29(7):3882~3892.Abstract:Whetherplantsadaptthelocalconditionlmiitedornotmostlydependonwhethertheymaycoordinatetherelationshipbetweencarbonassmiilationandwaterdissipationornot,thatis,plantwateruseefficiencyisthekeyfactoroftheirsurviving.However,atthedifferentscale,themeaningofplantwateruseefficiencyisdifferent,thispapersummedupthestudyingprogressofWUEattheleafleve,lwhichitismostlyresearchedintherecent,andpresentedfollowingpointsstudyingtheleafwateruseefficiencyforthefuture:forthemethods,Foliarcarbonisotopeistheoptmialwaymeasuringplantfoliarlongwateruseefficiencyatpresent,andthesubstitutionindicesof13Cwillcontinuetobeaprospectivedirection;Forstudyingcontents,weshouldstrengthentheresearchon13CandWUEoftheripariantreesintheextremearidarea;Combinedtheplantecophysiology,biologywiththestableisotopetechnique,exploringthemechanismofplantfoliarwateruseefficiency,especiallyreinforcingthestudyingoflawsandinteriormechanismofplantfoliarlongwateruseefficiencyvarietybymeansofthemodelofdoubleisotope;usingmultimeans,researchontheWUEsthroughvarioustemporalspatialscalesandconversion.KeyWords:plantwateruseefficiency;leafleve;lprogress(WUE),,[1];,;,,CO2[2~4]WUE/WUEWUE,(,),,WUE,,,,,WUE1WUEFischer[5],2:(WUEi)(WT),(WUET)(WUEL)(WUEi)CO2(Pn)(gW),(,WT=Pn/E)[6]WUE,4(WUE)[7],,,[8],/,,,,CO2(Pn)(E)(gs)[9.10],,[11],,20a,13C()[6](13C)C3(WUE)[12]13CWUECi/Ca(CiCO2,Ca)[6],,[13]13C,;,/13C,13C,:CO2,,13CFarquharCi,(Pnmax)(gl);(13C)[14,15],[16,17],13C,,,WUE,[16~20]:,K,Si,N,(LDM),:C3,(1/TE)13C[16~20][20]13C,:38837:[19]!K,Si13CK[17,19],Si[21,22],(Si)(K)13C,,[17,19,21,22]∀N13CN[23],N,Ci/Ca,13CTsialtas13CN,[24]#(LDM)LDM[11]13C[25,26],LDM(WUE)13C[25,26]LDMWUE[25][26],IsmailHall[27],,13C,,,22.1WUE(,)Smedley[28]4213C:113C;13C;Brooks[29]313C,13C:===Kloeppel[30]20(Larixspp.)13C77%,13C,WUE,13C[31,32]Peuelas[33]413C,(Stipaparviflora)(Rosmarinusofficinalis)13C(Juniperusthurifera,Pinushalepensis)2∃,,[34]226,13C,13C,13CWUE[35,36];[37];[38],C3,WUE13C,,;WUE,Damesin[39],WUE(13C),Sobrado&Ehleringer[40],WUE,,[36,37]WUE:(,),(,)(,,,,),;,,WUE,,,,GolluscioOesterheld(EWP)25,WUE,,388429[41]20,,[42],(PhaseolusvulgarisL.)[43],[12,44],(ArachishypogeaL.)[25],(HordeumvulgareL.)[45](VignaunguiculataL.)[35]13C,WUEiWUEi/[3]WUEi/2.2WUE,,;,(13C,),[35]13C,Garten[46]Quercusprinus13C,[27],C313C-20∃~-35∃[47],13C-20∃~-26∃[49~51],13C-27∃~-34∃[52,53],WUE13C,[54]CO2,CO2,Schlesor,1~5mCO235%,CO2,13CCO213C,13C[55],,CO213C[2]2∃[56],,;,(,);,:(C3C4CAM)(RuBPPEP)13C,WUE13C,,C313C-20∃~-35∃(-26∃),C4-7∃~-15∃(-12∃),CAM,-10∃~-22∃(-16∃)[15]C4WUEC3,CAM!CO2,CO2Cowan[49],,CO2∀(WUEi),Sparks,,,Rubisco(,)38857:(N)13C()[50];WUE#,,,WUEWUE,,(WUE),[5],,WUE,[10][51,52],,,CO2,Ci,CO2,Ci/Ca,WUE13C[57]%,(g),CO2Ci/Ca(CiCO2,CaCO2),[58]13CWUE[59],[60]Morecroft[61],WUE13C13C,,13C,[62]&WUEWUE13C10%[63],GomphrenaglobosaSpartinafoliosa,13C[64],[65]13C,13C[61],WUE[66]2655%,[67],,,CO2,13CWUE,,13C,WUE[68],,,,(1),WUE,WUE,WUE2.31,,3:,;;,;(13C18O)([69.70]),(18O)E,EgsEgs:,EA/EI(EA:;EI:)E,,[71~78]:gs13C,13C18O,gsCi/Ca,;,Pnmax13C,,Pnmax18O[77];gsPnmax13C,13C18O[71],,,388629():,,13C(1)[77],,CO2(Ci),12CO2,13C,[78],,CO2,13C,Ci,Pngs[79](2),,CO2[80,81],(ATPRubisco),[82,83]Ci,Ci,,Ci,CiFarquharSharkey,Ci(Ls,Ls=1-Ci/Ca),CiLs,,CiLs(3),∋(,,[83],13C2.4,WUE,,,[84],[1,54]Cohen[85],13CPassioura[86]2,,WUESmithNowak,WUE,[87][88][89][90]6,(Carexkorshinskyi)13C(LWC),,38877:[43],WUE/13C[52.91]C313C,((Triticumdurum)0.76~0.85[21]))(G)E)[16.92.93]13CWUEWUE,[94~96]13C[97,98],13C3,[5],,,,:(1),13C,,,,,13C,(2),13C13C,13CWUE(3),WUE,,/(4)13CWUE,,;(13C),13C(),()WUE,,References:[1]RichardsRA,RebetzkeGJ,CondonAG,vanHerwaardenAF.Breedingopportunitiesforincreasingtheefficiencyofwateruseandcropyieldintemperatecereals.CropScience,2002,42:111121.[2]EhleringerJR.Carbonandwaterrelationsindesertplants:anisotopicperspective.In:EhleringerJR,HallAE,FarquharGDeds.Stableisotopesandplantcarbonwaterrelations.Academic,SanDiego,1993.155172.[3]GuehlJM,NguyenQueyrensA,LoustauD,FerhiA.Geneticandenvironmentaldeterminantsofwateruseefficiencyandcarbonisotopediscriminationinforesttrees.In:SandermannH,BonnetMasimbertMeds.EUROSILVAContri