有害废弃物逆向物流模式的构建

摘要有害废弃物逆向物流是一个非常复杂且庞大的系统，目前我国有害废弃物的回收行业还处于起步阶段，逆向物流很少涉及到有害废弃物这方面，无论是从法律法规上，还是从回收企业的规模与回收工艺上，与发达国家相比都还存在很大的差距。因此我国要想在有害废弃物回收和再利用方面取得一定的成就，必须重视有关有害废弃物的各项法律法规以及有害废弃物的独特之处。本文对我国有害废弃物的定义、种类、存在的问题以及回收和再利用体系和逆向物流回收网络进行了系统的分析，具体分析了我国现阶段有害废弃物逆向物流三种模式以及相应的优劣势，即：独特的第三方逆向物流模式、企业联合回收模式、企业自主回收模式。由于独立的第三方逆向物流回收模式的独特优势，本文围绕着这种模式进行了系统的分析，并根据其特点构建了如何对此模式的网络进行规划的模型，并结合全国31个主要城市分析验证此模型的可行性和准确性，还结合目前国际通畅型饮品啤酒的包装物的回收和再利用的流程进行了Witness仿真分析。关键词：有害废弃物，逆向物流，网络规划，人工免疫遗传算法，Witness仿真IIAbstractHazardouswastereverselogisticsisaverycomplexandlargesystem.Atpresent，hazardouswasterecyclingindustryisstillintheinitialstageinourcountry,reverselogisticsrarelyinvolvethehazardouswaste,whetherinlaw,orfromthesizeoftheenterpriseandtherecoveryintherecoveryprocess,comparedwiththedevelopedcountriesstillhasverybigdisparity.Soifwewanttomakesomeachievementsinthehazardouswasterecyclingandreuse,ourcountrymustpayattentiontovariouslawsandregulationsofthehazardouswasteandtheuniqueofhazardouswaste.Thedefinitionandtypeofhazardouswaste,theexistingproblemsandrecyclingandreusesystemandreverselogisticsnetworksystemareanalyzedinthispaper,andanalyzedthecurrenthazardouswastereverselogisticsandthedisadvantagesofthecorrespondingthreemodelsindetail,namelyenterprisejointrecoverymode,enterpriseindependentrecoverymode.Owingtotheuniqueofthirdpartyreverselogisticssystemanalysis,thispaperanalyzedthismodeindetail,andconstructedthemodelconcerninghowtoplanthenetworkaccordingtothecharacteristicsofthispattern,andthefeasibilityofthemodelandtheaccuracyofthemodelswasanalyzedandverifycombinedwith31maincities,andcarriedoutthesimulationofWitnesscombinedwiththeprocessoftheinternationalunobstructedtypeofdrinksbeerpackingmaterialrecoveryandreuse.Keywords:hazardouswaste,reverselogistics,thenetworkplanning,artificialimmunegeneticalgorithm,thesimulationoftheWitnessi目录前言..........................................................................................................................................11绪论........................................................................................................................................31.1研究的背景.................................................................................................................31.2研究的目的.................................................................................................................32有害废弃物及逆向物流........................................................................................................52.1国内外有害废弃物存在的问题分析.........................................................................52.1.1有害废弃物定义..............................................................................................52.1.2有害废弃物分类..............................................................................................52.1.3有害废弃物存在的问题..................................................................................72.1.4目前我国废弃物运作施行情况......................................................................82.1.5国内外有害废弃物运作法规..........................................................................82.2逆向物流.....................................................................................................................92.2.1逆向物流定义................................................................................................102.2.2逆向物流成因................................................................................................102.2.3逆向物流的分类............................................................................................112.2.4逆向物流的特点............................................................................................112.2.5逆向物流的原则............................................................................................122.2.6逆向物流的重要性........................................................................................132.2.7企业逆向物流系统框架.................................................................................143逆向物流模型的建立..........................................................................................................153.1回收物流中心选址模型...........................................................................................153.1.1免疫算法（ImmuneAlgorithm，IA）的基本思想.....................................153.1.2问题描述........................................................................................................173.1.3解决基本思路和求解步骤............................................................................183.1.4仿真实验及结果分析....................................................................................203.2基于Witness的有害废弃物回收物流仿真系统设计............................................223.2.1数字仿真软件Witness简介.......................................................................233.2.2Witness用户界面...........................................................................................233.2.3Witness建模与仿真过程..............................................................................243.2.4仿真模型的设计............................................................................................253.2.5模型运行和数据分析..