天然气热电联产项目模拟分析及评价方法的研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文天然气热电联产项目模拟分析及评价方法的研究姓名：何吉民申请学位级别：硕士专业：工程热物理指导教师：李艳红20060215()GCHP“”20082010THERESEARCHOFSIMULATIONANALYSISANDASSESSINGMETHODTOTHESMALL-SCALEGASCOMBINEDHEATANDPOWERPROJECTABSTRACTDuetoagreatdealofadvantagesthatflexibility,highefficiencyofcomprehensiveutilizationandeffectualtoenvironmentalprotection,etc.thegascombinedheatandpowersystemreceivedextensiveattentionmoreandmore.Comparedwithtraditionalcentralizedenergysupplyortheenergysupplyofcogenerationofthethermalpowerstation,distributedenergysupplyisassignhot,electricityandcoldemergencesystemnearenduserbysmall-scalemodule,andcanexportstheelectricity,hotandcoldtotheenduserindependently.Theelectricityofenduserbeofferedbypowergenerator(suchasinternal-combustionengine,gasturbine,etc.),theremainingenergythatthepowergeneratorproducescanbeusedbytheremainingenergyboiler,andprovidetheoutputsofheating,hotwaterorwarmwater.Atthesametime,theremainingenergycanbeusedtooffercoldbyabsorbingrefrigeration.Suchgascombinedheatandpowersystemcanoffertheenergytoindividualbuildingandcanalsooffertheregionalenergytoalotofbuildingsorbuildingsinacertainrange.Consideringthesefactorsofenergysupplyandadjustmentofenergystructure,ifadopttheformofcombinedheatandpowersystemthattakingnaturalgasasfuel,willhaveverygoodeconomicbenefits,socialbenefitandenvironmentalbenefit.Sointhecountriesallovertheworldatpresent,especiallyinsomedevelopedcountry,small-scalegascombinedheatandpowersystem(GCHP)thattakingnaturalgasasfuelbereceivedfastdevelopmentandapplication.Inourcountry,BeijingandShanghaiarecarryingonpilotworkactively.Withtheoverallfinishedandputtingintooperationoftheprojectofdiversionnaturalgasfromthewesterntotheeasternregions,andpreparetheexpansionthoroughlyofconstruction2008OlympicGamesinBeijing,2010WorldExpoinShanghai,thesmall-scalegascombinedheatandpowersystemthattakingnaturalgasasfuelwillgetmoreandmoreextensiveapplication.Afterintroducingtheconceptofgascombinedheatandpowersystem,thispapermadeanalysistothesuperiorityofthesmall-scalegascombinedheatandpowerproject.Comparedthedevelopmentindistributedenergysupplysystembetweenourcountryandothercountries,thepaperpointedoutitwillhaveverystrongcompetitionadvantageandverywidedevelopmentandapplicationprospectinourcountry.Usingthenewestloadmodel,thispapercontinuestoanalyzetheloadofclassicalcustomerinShanghai,andamendsthatmodeltoagreewiththepracticalsituationandputsforwardthecalculatingmethodsandresultsofthreeclassicalcustomers(hotel,hospitalandofficebuilding).Thensomemethodsandprincipleshavebeenproposedabouttherationalsystemequipment.Bytheoptimizationanalysistothegascombinedheatandpowersystem,thispaperhasstudiedtheassessmentmethodofgascombinedheatandpowerprojectfurther.Sometechnicalandeconomicalparameterssuchassavingrateoforiginenergy,paybackperiodofinvestment,andsituationofexhaustischosentoassesstheresultofprojects.Andthenthispaperworksoutthesimulationresultandtheappliedprospectofthefourclassicalcustomersincludingfactoryindetails,andutilizesthecorrespondingprogramminglanguagetowritethesimulationsystemssoftwareforsmall-scalegascombinedheatandpowerproject,havecarriedonthesuperiorityassessmenttoagascombinedheatandpowerprojectfromthreeaspects:technology,economyandenvironmentalprotection.Finally,thispaperhasdiscussedtheappliedprospectofthesmall-scalegascombinedheatandpowerproject,pointsouttheobstaclesofapplyinggascombinedheatandpowersystems.Accordingtodevelopingdirection,theprospectdevelopingthesmall-scalegascombinedheatandpowerprojectisverywideinourcountry.Andthispaperhasputforwardthejobsofseveralrespectsthatshouldbedonewellespecially.Thefollowingconclusionhasbeendrawn:itwillbeveryessentialtopopularizeandusethesmall-scaleinourcountryprojectinourcountry,havegreatmeanings.KEYWORDSnaturalgas,combinedheatandpower,simulationandanalysis,assessmethod1[1](NGCo-generationSystem)(NGCombinedheatandpower)55%80%1.1.2[2-5](1)20%-35%80%1-1.2500-60085020kW-2000kW1-1(2)15%-33%80%1.5-3450-600500kW-100000kW1-2(12kg/cm)21-1Fig1-1theGCHPsystemofcombustionengine1-2Fig1-2theGCHPsystemofgasturbine1.219WEC2004450[6]35060200[6]GDP[8]1[7]200011.65Mt10.92Mt23t2198151202[7]2000SO219.95MtSO2303NOx6Mt[7]11NOxNOxSO2NOx4CO2CO21975CO2330ppmCO2600ppm567m[7][7]5590%12C20H12SO24400[9]200434.5199942003102005LNG20082009300/20101-11-1[10]2005204%2007508%20108012%202015020%[11]51.3[12]20%-40%60%80%(SOx)NOx20%~40%CO260%NOxNOx2510-6()CO2NOx[13]CO23~520~30[14]1)2)()3)4)CO2()NOxCO261/4[15]1.471.4.1[16-18]198120042000307kW1-3Fig.1-3annualandtotalquantitiesofGCHPinJapan1-4Fig.1-4annualandtotalcapacitiesofGCHPinJapan14130501001502002500500100015002000250030702212050100150200250300350MW0500100015002000250030003500MW88090GCHP200220013n1-5Fig.1-5thequantityrateofdifferentenergystyleGCHPinJapann20052004307kW2010682kW711kW2224MW467MW12MW523MW21483444777168091-6Fig.1-6thecapacityrateofdifferentenergystyleGCHPinJapan1-21.4.21NOx1222MW10199319971998NEDO21987NOxNOxNOx1/31/2NOxNOxNOxGCHP31986815199241199512199634kW19992000kW200034ESCOESCOEnergyServiceCompanyESCO11ESCOESCOESCO1ESCO2ESCO1231-7ESCOFig.1-