grammartranslationmethod

DoyoustillremembertheEnglishclasswehavetakenthoseyears?1.Doyouknowwhat’sGrammarTranslationMethod?2.WhatisthefocusofaGrammarTranslationclassroom?3.WhatlanguageskillsareemphasizedinaGrammarTranslationclassroom?4.AretheGrammarTranslationMethodacceptabletoyou?Why?questions•Ⅰ.Origin•Ⅱ.Definition•Ⅲ.Theoreticalbase•Ⅳ.Procedures•Ⅴ.Characteristics•Ⅵ.AdvantagesanddisadvantagesContents:Grammar-translationmethodbeganinGermany(Prussia),attheendofthe18thcenturyandbecamepopularinearlyyearsofthe19thcentury.AtonetimeTheGrammar-TranslationMethodwascalledClassicalMethodsinceitwasfirstusedintheteachingoftheclassicallanguagesofLatinandGreek.Ⅰ.OriginⅡ.Definition•TheGrammar-TranslationMethodisamethodofforeignorsecondlanguageteachingwhichusestranslationandgrammarstudyasthemainteachingandlearningactivities.Itisawayofstudyingalanguagethatapproachesthelanguagefirstthoughtdetailedanalysisofitsgrammarrules,followedbyapplicationofthisknowledgethroughthetaskoftranslatingsentencesandtextsintoandoutofthetargetlanguage(RichardsandRogers,2002).Themethodrequiresstudentstotranslatewholetextsandmemorizenumerousgrammaticalrulesaswellasenormousvocabularylists.Thegoalofthismethodistobeabletoreadandtranslateliterarymasterpieces.语法翻译法（theGrammarTranslationMethod）是“用母语翻译教授外语书面语的一种传统外语教学法，即用语法讲解加翻译练习的方式来教学外语的方法”。这种教学方法提倡用母语教授外语、在教学中以翻译和机械练习为基本手段、以学习语法为入门途径、强调语法在教学中的中心地位。TeachingMethodsPsychologicalBasisGrammartranslation语法翻译法Mechanism机械主义Facultypsychology官能心理学Directmethod直接法Constructivisttheory构建主义理论Audio-lingualmethod视听法Behavioristtheory行为主义理论Cognitiveapproach认知法Cognitivetheory认知主义理论Ⅲ.TheoreticalBase•语法翻译法是外语教学的基础模式,很早就开始被使用。直到十八世纪末,它才成为了第一个有影响的外语教学方法。语法翻译法受机械主义和官能主义心理学的影响,其主要特点是以翻译和语法学习为外语教学的基础模式。机械主义观点认为,一切语言起源于一种语言,各种语言的语法是共同的,词汇所表达的概念也一样,差别只在于发音和书写形式不同,因此采取机械对比、对译的办法进行教学。而官能心理学认为某些学科具有训练一种或几种官能的特殊价值。根据语言的特点,在外语教学方面他们重视阅读能力的培养和重视语法教学。Ⅳ.Procedures复习教授新词教授语法讲解课文巩固练习布置作业•1.Phaseone•1)Theteacherreadsandexplainsthenewwordsandexpressionsinthefirstlanguage.•2)Theteacherteachesthenewgrammarwithdeductivemethod.2.Phasetwo1)Studentsareaskedtoreadafewsentencesoutaloudandtranslatethemintothefirstlanguage.2)Theteacheranalysessomedifficultsentencesandtranslatesthemintotheirnativelanguagefirstliterallyandthenfreely.3)Studentsreadthestudiedpartofthepassagessilentlyandasktheteacherquestionstheycannotanswerbythemselves.3.Phasethree1)Studentsareaskedtowritetheanswerstothequestionsaboutthereadingpassage.2)Studentsareaskedtodootherwrittenworkthatismeanttoreinforcethenewgrammaritemsandvocabulary.Teacher’sRole•Traditionalinstructor.•Theauthorityintheclassroom•Whatdoestheteacherdo?-explain-translate-arrangepractices-correctmistakesLearner’sRole•Doastheteachersays.•Learnersinteractwiththeteacher,notwitheachother.•Whatdoesthestudentdo?--studywordsandrules--translate--memorize1.Thefocusonclassroomisteachingandpracticingofgrammarofthetargetlanguage.2.Translatethewordsandphrasesoftheforeignlanguagesinthebestpossiblemanner.Ⅴ.Characteristics•3.IntheGrammar-Translationclassroom,theteacherusesthenativelanguageasthemainmediumofinstruction.Thereislittleuseofthetargetlanguage.•4.Languageskillsareemphasizedonreadingandwritingbutlittleornosystematicattentionispaidtospeakingandlistening.What’stheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofGrammarTranslationMethod?——WorkingroupsandthenshareyourideasⅥ.Advantages•1.Itcanhelpstudentstohaveabetterunderstandingofthemeaningofabstractwordsandcomplicatedsentences.•2.Itcanfosterstudents’abilityofproducinggrammaticallycorrectsentences.•3.Thefocusonunderstandingliterarytextsprovidesthesituationinwhichreadingandwritingabilitiesarewelltrained.•4.TheGrammar-Translationmakesfewdemandsonteachers.Disadvantages•1.Itisanunnaturalmethod.•(listeningspeakingreadingwriting)•2.Speechisneglected.•3.Exacttranslationisnotpossible.•4.Itdoesnotgivepatternpractice.TheresultsofGrammarTranslationMethod•StudentscanreadandwriteinEnglish•Studentscann’tspeakfluentlyandtheycann’tunderstandbylistening