中小型风力发电机自动监测器硬件设计

摘要小型风力发电系统一般由风力机直接驱动三相永磁同步发电机发电，发电机输出的三相交流电（功率小的输出直流电），通过不可控桥式整流器整流直接给蓄电池充电，然后经过逆变器给交流负载供电。本文所开发的是一种小型风力发电机监测器，以8位单片机MCS-51为核心,,将多种测量功能集于一身,用一台仪器就可以测量电流、电压的有效值，频率和风速,,风向等参数。文中论述了该监测器的硬件结构。硬件部分包括传感器，A/D,CPU，232串口通讯电路等构成；该监测器可将发电机运行时的电压、电流和频率信息以及当地气象信息采集并传输。采集的信息可作为风力发电机性能测评和气象调研的依据，其结构简单，使用方便，耗电小，成本低。关键词：单片机参数测量监测器串口通讯风力发电AbstractWindTurbinedirectlydrivesthree-phasepermanentmagneticsynchronousgeneratortogenerateelectricityinexistingmall-scalewindpowergenerationsystem.Thenncontrolledbridgechangesthethree-phaseACintoDCwhichisusedtochargethebattery.TheinverterturnsDCfromthebatteryintoACwhichisneededbyload.Inthispaper,thedevelopmentisasmallwindgeneratorsmonitor,witheightmicrocontrollerMCS-51asthecore,andwillmultiplemeasuringfunctionsetatasuit,withaninstrumenttomeasurecurrent,voltage,frequencyandtheeffectivevalueofwind,thewinddirectionandotherparameters,.Thepaperdiscussesthehardwarestructureofthemonitor.Hardwarepartincludessensor,A/D,CPU,232serialinterfacecommunicationofcircuit;Themonitorcanrungeneratorvoltage,currentandfrequencyyesinformationandlocalmeteorologicalinformationcollectionandtransmission.Theinformationcanbecollectedasawindturbineperformanceevaluationandresearchonthebasisofthemeteorological,simplestructure,easytouse,lowelectricconsumption,lowcost.Makeupforitspecialmonitortheblank.Keywords:MCUparameters-measurementmonitorSerialcommunicationWindPower