Division-and-Classification

DivisionandClassificationFreewriting2Titles:1Differentrecruitmentmethods2Differentwaysinlookingforajob1Differentrecruitmentmethods2Differentwaysinlookingforajob•Brainstorm(5mins)•1Howmanydifferentwayscanacompanyrecruitapplicantstofillajobvacancy?•2Howmanydifferentwayscanapersonlookforajob?Differences•Division—todealwithonething;toseparatethewholeintoparts.Emphasizeondistinctionsordifferences•Classification—toorganizethingsthatsharecertainqualities;togroupthingssystematically.Emphasizeonsimilarities•Closelyrelated•Lookatthefollowingstatements,anddecidewhethereachoneisorisnotanexampleofclassification.1Chairsfallintofourcategories:dining-roomchairs,kitchenchairs,living-roomchairs,andlawnchairs.2RestaurantsfallintothecategoriesofMcDonald’s,KFC,PizzaHut.1Chairsfallintofourcategories:dining-roomchairs,kitchenchairs,living-roomchairs,andlawnchairs.√2RestaurantsfallintothecategoriesofMcDonald’s,KFC,PizzaHut.×RomanceMoviesComedyActionHorrorAnimationClassification(归类法）•Inclassification•wearetakingmanyitemsanddividingthemintoafewgroups.•Chairsfallintofourcategoriesaccordingtotheirphysicaldesign:rockingchairs,foldingchairs,armchairs,andstraightchairs.•Wecanclassifycontainersintofourgroupsaccordingtothematerialthattheyaremadeof:glasscontainers,metalcontainers,plasticcontainers,andpapercontainers.•Theteachersinthiscollegecanbeclassifiedaccordingtothewaytheydress:thosewhodressformally,thosewhodresssemiformally,andthosewhodresscasually.•Therearebasicallythreetypesofbusdrivers:friendly,indifferent,andmean•Englishspeakerscanbeclassifiedintothreegroups:theassured,theanxious,andstheindifferent.Division(分类法）Orchestra管弦乐队Strings弦乐器Woodwinds笛子类乐器Brass铜管乐器Percussion打击乐器•Indivision•wearetakingonething/itemanddividingintoitscomponentparts,SampleInmyexperienceIfindthatstudyingcanbedividedintothreephases—nomatterwhatisbeingstudied.Inthefirstphase,youareveryinterestedinthenewsubject.Youarewillingtostudyandeverythingaboutthesubjectisappealingandmysterious.Butafterexploringthesubjectforaconsiderableamountoftime,thesecondphasecomesalong.Thesubjectyouhavebeenlearningseemsalittleboring,andsometimesyouhavetheideatogiveup.Asdifficultiesappear,ifyoucanhandlethemitwillbeexciting,butmostofthetimeyouconfrontfailure;itisdisappointingandupsetting,andyoumaythinkthereisnohopeinstudyingthissubject.Ifyoureallydogiveup,everythingisover.Butifyoucanholdon,thesituationwillchange.Inthethirdphase,youhavegainedathoroughunderstandingofthesubject,andyoucanfindagenuineinterestinit.Nowyoulikethesubjectnotbecauseofyourimpulse,butbecauseoftherealvalueofit.PrinciplesofClassificationandDivision1Chooseanappropriateprincipleofclassificationanddivisionsuitedtoyourpurpose.(按写作的的目的选择如何分类还是归类）Afteryoudecideonasubject,chooseabasisfordivision.2Applyyourprincipleconsistentlyandthoroughly.(任何方法都要前后一致，不可随意遗留）e.g.TodiscussOldEnglishMiddleEnglish,ModernEnglishContemporaryEnglish3Makeyourclassificationlogicallydistinctfromeachother,avoidingoverlapping.(归类法时，要注意按照一定的标准和范围，分成若干点，避免重复。）e.g.Todiscuss“Teachingmethods”1lecture2discussion3questionandanswer→(overlapping)TheIntroduction•Toselectasubjectthatcanbedividedintocategories•Totellhowmanycategoriesaregoingtobeclassifiedandtostatethespecificareas•Themethodofclassificationisusuallyincludedinthethesisstatement.Thebody•Thediscussionandexplanationofeachoftheclasses,groups,orcategories.•Appropriatetoyourpurpose•Consistent—resultingsubgroupsarebasedonthesameprinciple•Exclusive—resultingsubgroupsdonotoverlap•Complete—noimportantsubgroupsareomittedTheconclusion•Itconsistsofaconcludingsentencethatrestatesorreinforcesthecontrollingideapresentedinthethesisstatement.•Itconcludesthewholeessayinsteadofonepartoftheessay.Languageinclassification•Briefandclear•Comestraighttothepointatthebeginningoftheclassification•Fallinto,divideinto,classifyinto,bedividedinto,beclassifiedinto,bedivisibleinto,beclassifiableinto•pointouterrorsindivisionandclassificationandthenwriteimprovedversions•1MusiccanbedividedintoChineseandWesternmusicorintothatofpiano,violinandfolksongs.•(over-lappingofcategories)•ImprovedversionMusiccanbedividedintoEasternmusicandWesternmusic.2InthisessayI’mgoingtoshowhowimportantEnglishistoournaturalscience-----mathematics,physicsandchemistry.•(not–thoroughclassification)•ImprovedversionInthisessay,IamgoingtoshowhowimportantEnglishistoournaturalsciences---mathematics,physics,chemistry,andbiography,agriculture,etc.3Inthepasttwoyearsouruniversityhasadmittedmanyforeignstudents:Africanstudents,Britishstudents.Americanstudents,Egyptianstudents.Arabstudents,andJapanesestudents.(over-lappingofcategories)ImprovedversionInthepasttwoyearsouruniversityhasadmittedmanyforeignstudents.Africanstudents,Asianstudents,Americanstudents,andEuropeanstudents