2020七年级英语下册 第三单元 讲义重点短语语法归纳及练习 （新版）人教新目标版

三单元讲义第一部分【重点短语】gettoschooltakethetraintakethesubwayrideabikehowfarhowlongfromhometoschooleveryday乘公共汽车（动词型）bybikeWalktoschoolruntoschoolHaveagooddaythinkofbetween…and…goonaropewaycrosstheriverone11-year-oldboyplaywithcometruebeafraidofsth.belikeittakessb.时间todosth.take…to…=goto……by……Itisone’sdreamtodosth.thanksfordoingsth.第二部分【重点语法】一、交通方式表达法1.动词型:take+限定词（a/an/the）+交通工具（单数）(take译为乘坐,动词型通常放在句中)如：takea/thebus,takea/thesubway,takea/thetrain例：Tomtakesabustoschool.翻译（Linda坐地铁去图书馆）：Lindalibrary.有的交通工具不需要用take，如walkto/driveto/rideto/flyto/Walkto+地点=goto...onfoot走路去…如：Iwalktoschooleveryday.=Igotoschoolonfoot.注意：如果后面接地点副词here,there,home等介词to应省去2.介词型：1）by+交通工具（单数）（中间无任何修饰词，介词型通常位于句末）如：bybus/bysubway/bytrain例:TomgoestoBeijingbytrain.2）in/on+限定词（a/an/the）+交通工具（单数）(位于句末，特别强调在自行车上用on)如：ina/thecar,ina/theboat,ina/thetaxiOna/thebus,ona/thetrain,ona/thesubway例：Myfathergoestoworkonabus/inacar.注意：1.对交通工具提问用：how(怎样)如：Myfathergoestoworkonabus(对划线部分提问)Howdoesyourfathergotowork?【试一试】1.Ithinkyoucan_____tothenewpark.It’salittlefar.A.bybusB.takeabusC.onfootD.walk2.–-Howdoesyourbrotherusuallygotoschool?–-______car.A.ByB.InC.OnD.With3.Ioftengotoschool_____myfather’scarandgobackhome______foot.A.in;onB.by;byC.by;inD.on;by4.Jimoftengoestoschool______bike.Buttodayhegoestoschool______theschoolbus.A.on;byB.by;byC.by;onD.on;on二、交通方式之间的互换。Tomtakesabustoschool。=Tomgoestoschoolbybus.=Tomgoestoschoolonabus.“我做公交去上学。”同义句练习：①Iridemybiketowork.=Igotowork.=Igotowork.②IflytoAmerica.=ItoAmieica.巩固练习I:用填空。——4WillII:就划线部分提问。bybike对划线部分提问onfoot.对划线部分提问3.lucytakesatraintoBeijing.(同义句转换)三、辨析Howlong/HowfarHowlong对时间长短提问Howlongdoesittaketogettoschool?①It’sabout15minutes.②About15minutesbybike.对物体长度提问Howlongisthisruler?It’s20cms.Howfar对距离提问Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?①It’sabout10kilometers.②It’sabout20minutes’walk.(20minutes’ride)【练习题】1.--____isyourschoolfromhere?--Aboutonekilometer.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Where2.--____doesittaketogettoschool?--Twentyminutes.A.HowB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howmany3.--_________isitfromthevillagetoyourfarm?--About10minutes’walk.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar4.Ittakesmehalfanhourtodothedishes.（对划线部分提问）5.Itisabout20kilometersfrommyhousetotheairport.（飞机场）（划线提问）isitfromyourhousetheairport?四.take表示“花费时间”Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.花费某人时间/金钱做某事例句：Ittakesher20minutestogettothelibrary.“花了她20分钟的时间到达图书馆。”【试一试】1.花了我两年的时间完成这本书。(汉译英)Itmefinishthebook.2.Ittakesmefifteenminutes________frommyhometothebusstation.A.walkB.walkingC.walksD.towalk五．hundred用法twohundred两百，threehundred三百，fourhundred四百记住hunderd用单数There’refivehundredstudentsontheplayground.在操场上有五百名学生。Hundredsof+复数名词“成百上千的”（此处hundred为复数）There’rehundredsofstudentsontheplayground.【试一试】.–Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?--Aboutfour_______.A.hundredsofB.hundredC.hundredsD.hundredsof六．三种“到达”getto到达。（gethome/gethere/getthere,地点副词不加to）arrivein+大地点，arriveat+小地点。（arriveinBeijing,arriveatschool）reach“到达”，reach+地方。直接加地点名词，不加任何介词翻译（Tom在八点钟到达学校）：---用三种表达七．Leave用法①离开某地用Leave.IleaveChongqing.我离开重庆。②Leave+地点for+目的地“动身去某地”IleaveChongqingforShanghai.我离开重庆去上海。（我动身去上海了）③Leavefor+目的地“去某地”‘IleaveforLondon.我去伦敦了。八．结构：it’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事怎么样。It’seasyforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事很简单。It’sdifficultforsbtodosth,对某人来说做某事很困难例句：it’seasytogettoschool.It’sdifficultformetofinishtheworktoday.拓展：It’simportantforsbtodosth,对某人来说做某事很重要It’sveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.【试一试】It’shardforthem______tothebeach（沙滩）inashorttime.A.toridebikesB.bybikeC.totakebikesD.onbikes九．Therebe句型（一）．辨析Therebe句型表示“某处存在某物或某人，表示一种客观存在，have/has“有”，表示“某人拥有某物/某人”表主观拥有，其主语常是人。例句：Thereisadoginthepicture.Thedoghastwobigeyes.（二）就近原则Therebe如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。即be用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。例句：thereisanappleandsomebananasonthetable.Therearesomebananasandanappleonthetable.【试一试】1.Therearuler,twopensandfiveerasersonthedesk.A.hasB.isC.areD.have2.Theremuchmilkinthatbottle.A.hasB.isC.areD.have3.Therelotsofstudentsontheplayground.A.hasB.isC.areD.have十．Like介词，“像”Heislikeafathertome.对我而言，他像一个父亲。十一.Sheisaneight-year-oldgirl.=Sheiseightyearsold.她是一个八岁的女孩=她八岁。【试一试】.Kateis_____girl.Sheisveryhappyatschool.A.a18-year-oldB.an18-year-oldC.an18-years-oldD.a18-years-old十二.“你认为……怎么样？”Whatdoyouthinkof……？=Howdoyoulike……？第三部分课堂练习一.单项选择()1.Peterusuallygoestoschoolby______bus.A.aB.anC.theD./()2.MyEnglishteacherisverygood.Sheislikemymother______me.A.toB.forC.withD.of()3.—______doesyourfathergotowork?—Herideshisbike.A.WhereB.WhenC.HowD.Why()4.Thetrain______thetrainstationat8:40everymorning.A.crossesB.runsC.leavesD.comes()5.—______isitfromyourschooltothetrainstation?—Fivekilometers.A.How’sB.HowoldC.HowlongD.Howfar()6.Forsomestudents,it’sdifficult______school.A.togettoB.gettoC.togetD.get()7.Samhasabike.He______ittoschooleveryday.A.takesB.ridesC.walksD.drives()8.—DoesPeterwalkhome?—______.Hetakesthebus.A.No,hedoesn’tB.Yes,hedoesC.No,heisn’tD.Yes,heis()9.—Howlongdoesittakeyoutogotothebusstation?—______.A.AbouttwentykilometersB.IridemybikeC.AbouthalfanhourbysubwayD.Igettherequickly()10.—Haveagooddayatschool,Susan!—______.A.Me,tooB.You,tooC.Bye