2020七年级英语下册 第八单元 讲义重点短语语法归纳及练习 （新版）人教新目标版

八单元讲义第一部分【重点短语】postofficepolicestationonBridgeStreetacrossfromnexttobetween…and…infrontof/inthefrontofbehindI’mnewintownaroundherewalkwithsb.goalong/downturnrightturnleftatthefirstcrossingonone’sleft/rightintheneighborhoodspendtimeonsth.watchsbdosth.watchsb.doingsth.looklikecleanairThebestthingsinlifearefree.crossthestreetliveinanoisyneighborhoodenjoydoingsth.timegoesquickly第二部分【重点语法】1.Policestation.警察局Police名词，警察的总称，作主语，谓语动词用复数。例子：Thepolicearelookingforhim.警察正在找他。2.回顾therebe句型①一般疑问形式：Isthereapoliceofficenearhere?回答：肯定，Yes,thereis.否定，No,thereisn’t.再来个例子：Arethereanybooksonthedesk?No,therearen’t./Yes,thereare.②肯定句式：满足就近原则Thereisasupermarketandtwosmallshopsnearhere.Therearetwosmallshopsandasupermarketnearhere.③therebe句型不与have/has连用。Thereisapenonthedesk.(强调存在有)Shehas10pens.（强调拥有）【试一试】1)someapplesinthebox.A.ThereareB.TherehaveC.ThereisD.Therehas2)-Isthehotelnexttothepostoffice?-.A.Yes,thereisB.No,thereisn’tC.Yes,itis.D.No,itnot.3)atableandfourchairsintheroom.A.ThereareB.TherehaveC.ThereisD.Therehas4.句型转换-ThereisalibraryonBridgeStreet.否定句：alibraryonBridgeStreet.一般疑问句alibraryonBridgeStreet?-Yes,./No,答案【ACC;Thereisn’t,Isthere,thereis,thereisn’t】3.payphone.付费电话pay可做动词，意思“付费”payforsth.付钱买某物pay+钱+for+sth.支付多少钱买某物例子：Icanpay100yuanforthebook.Youpayforthelunch.4.Iamnewintown.我是镇上新来的Intown.在城镇5.①cross动词，“（从表面）横过，穿过”---crossthestreet“过马路”②across介词/副词，（从表面）横过，穿过”---Go/Walkacrossthestreet“过马路”【短语】acrossfrom“在……对面”---Therestaurantisacrossfromthebank.③crossing名词，“十字路口”---atthefirstcrossing“在第一个十字路口”[试一试]1).Goacrossthestreetandyoucanseethestore.(改为同义句)_______thestreetandyoucanseethestore.2).请在第二个十字路口左转。（完成译句）Pleaseleftthesecond.[答案]Cross;turn,at,crossing6.sb.spend+时间/金钱onsth.意思“某人花时间/金钱在某事上”sb.spend+时间/金钱doingsth.意思“某人花时间/金钱做某事”[试一试]Alicespendstoomuchtimecomputer.A.playB.playsC.playingD.toplay[答案]C【总结】四种“花费”spend主语是人；花费时间或金钱Hespends2monthsfinishingthisbook.Hespendsalotoftimewithhisfamily.take主语是物（常为it）,花时间Ittakesme10minutestogettoschool.Thebusridetakes30minutes.pay主语是人，花钱；payforIpay2yuanforthispen.Bellapaysformylunch.cost主语是物，花钱；Thispencostsme2yuan.[试一试]1.Tom花了50元买了这本书。2.这本书花了Tom3年时间读完。[答案]1.Tomspends50yuanbuyingthisbook.=Tompays50yuanforthisbook.=ThisbookcostsTom50yuan.2.IttakesTom3yearstofinishreadingthisbook.=Tomspends3yearsfinishingreadingthisbook.7.watchsb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”强调看见动作正在进行Watchsb.dosth.“看见某人做某事”，强调看到动作的整个过程e.g.Iwatchedhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调“我看见了”这个事实）Iwatchedhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。（强调“我看见他正在干活”这个动作）[归纳]see/watch/notice/hear+sb+doingsth”表示动作的连续性、进行性；→正在做！！！see/watch/notice/hear+sb+dosth”表示动作完成的完整性、真实性。→真实发生过！！！翻译：①当我路过教室时，我看见小明正在睡觉。②每周六我都看见你妈妈去超市买东西。③Whenwewalkbythepark,weseealotofoldmanTaiji.（易错题）A.isplayingB.playingC.playingD.toplay[答案]WhenIpasstheclassroom,IseeXiaoMingsleeping.IseeyourmothergotothesupermarketeverySaturday.[B]11.Togetthere,IusuallywalkoutandturnrightontheBridgeRoad.“为了到那，我通常走出去，在大桥路右转”此句中，togetthere是动词不定式做目的状语。例子：Topasstheexam,hestudiesveryhard.为了通过考试，他学习很用功。[试一试]为了取得好成绩，他坚持努力学习。goodgrades,hekeepsonstudyinghard.[答案Toget]12.free形容词，免费的，自由的，空闲的e.g.-Howmuchisit?-Free.-Thebirdsareflyinghappily,becausethey’refree.-Inmyfreetime,Iliketoclimbthemountains.第三部分【课堂练习】I.单项选择()1.–Isthereanewsupermarketnearyourhouse?–______.A.Yes,itisB.Yes,there’sC.Yes,thereisD.Yes,thereare.()2.Therestaurantis______fromthebank.A.acrossB.crossC.crossingD.to()3.Tomissitting______me.A.infrontB.inthefrontC.inthefrontofD.infrontof()4.I’msitting______DavidandDaming.A.nexttoB.nearC.betweenD.acrossfrom()5.–Isthere______shoponCenterStreet?–Yes,______shopisinfrontofthepostoffice.A.a,/B.the,theC.a,theD./,a()6.______alotofmoneyandsomebooksonthetable.A.ThereisB.TherehaveC.ThereareD.Therehas()7.______!Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?A.OKB.HelloC.ExcusemeD.Sorry.()8.Mikeisnew______.Hedoesn’tknowthewaytothepostoffice.A.inthetownB.intownC.inatownD.onatown()9.Gostraightandturn______left.Thehotelison______left.A./,theB.the,theC./,/D.the,/()10.Therearesomerestaurants______.A.onthefirstcrossingB.atthefirstcrossingC.intheonecrossingD.atfirstcrossing()11.Johnlikestowatchhisclassmates_______football.A.playingB.toplayC.playsD.toplaying()12.–Isthereapayphone______theneighborhood?–Yes,it’s______CenterStreet______theright.A.in,down,inB.on,on,inC.in,on,inD.in,on,on()13.–Doeshelive______No.223GreenStreet?–Sorry,Idon’tknow.Ionlyknowhelives______GreenStreet.A.in,onB.on,onC.at,onD.at,in()14.Themusicisverygreat！it,please!A.SingB.ListenC.EnjoyD.Spell()15.Lookatthepicture!ThemanMikeandisouruncle.A.on,IB.between,meC.in,ID.next,me()16.LucyLily.Theylookthesame.A.looksatB.lookslikeC.looksafterD.looksfor()17.Areyougoodat?A.readB.walkC.runD.takingphotos()18.Therealotofmoneyinthatbag.A.areB.hasC.haveD.is()19.—HowmuchdoestheTV________？—Nottoomuch.It'sjustasecond-handone.A．costB．spendC．takeD．payfor()20.Thereis________officenexttotheclassroom.________officeisbig.A．a；AnB．an；TheC．the；AnD．an；An()21.Ioftenwatchthem________attheparkandnowIamwatchingthem________attheparkwithmygrandmother.A．dance；danceB．dancing；dancingC．dance；d