中考英语语法专项复习 句子种类课件

句子按说话目的可分为四种类型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句考点：陈述句的肯定结构和否定结构。陈述句用于陈述一件事或表示一种看法，它包括肯定结构和否定结构两种。在肯定结构中，谓语动词不含否定词；否定结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not，除了not外，其他否定词(如：no，hardly，never等)也可以构成否定句。1.MarkiswatchingTVnow.(改为否定句)Mark______________TVnow.2.CaoHuaswimsfastestinourgroup.(改为否定句)CaoHua______________fastestinourgroup.isn’twatchingdoesn’tswim疑问句疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。考点一：一般疑问句。一般疑问句用yes或no来回答，其回答常用简略答语。一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语前(有时谓语动词的形式需进行相应变化)。1.Iwanttogosomewherequietformyvacation.(改为一般疑问句)____youwanttogo__________quietforyourvacation?2.Hismotherdoeswellinsingingsongs.(改为一般疑问句)______hismother____wellinsingingsongs?DoanywhereDoesdo-Isthegirlinredyourfriend？-_______．SheislearningChinesenow．A.Yes,itisB.Yes,heisC.Yes,sheisD.Yes,shedoesC考点二：特殊疑问句。1.以疑问词开头的句子叫特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes或no，而要根据实际情况回答。2.常用的疑问词有：疑问代词what,which,who,whose,whom；疑问副词when,where,why,how；疑问词组howsoon,howlong,howfar,howoften,whatclass,whattime,whatcolor,howold,howmany,howmuch等。3.特殊疑问句的一般结构是“疑问词(不作主语)+一般疑问句?”，但对主语或修饰主语的定语提问时，要用陈述句语序。1.TheEnglishdictionaryis25dollars.(对划线部分提问)____________istheEnglishdictionary?2.Amystudiedinauniversityforseveralyears.(对划线部分提问)____________didAmystudyinauniversity？HowmuchHowlong3.It’sabout2kilometersfrommyhometoschool.(对划线部分提问)__________isitfromyourhometoschool?4.I’dliketoorderahamburgerandanorangejuice.(就划线部分提问）____________youliketoorder?HowfarWhatwould5.ThegirlwillflytoCanadainthreedays.(对划线部分提问)_____________willthegirlflytoCanada?Howsoon考点三：选择疑问句。选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答。Myfavoritecolorisgreen.(用yellow改为选择疑问句)_____yourfavoritecolorgreen______yellow?Isor2.Whenyougetintotrouble,willyoukeeptrying____giveup?A.orB.andC.butD.so3.–Bill,doesyoursisterhavebrownhairorredhair？-_____．Shetakesaftermymother.A.Yes,shedoesB.No,shedoesn'tC.BrownhairD.Idon'tknowAC祈使句考点一：以动词原形开头的肯定的祈使句。肯定的祈使句多以动词原形开头。有时为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加上do，表示“务必，一定”。有时为了使语气变得委婉、客气，可在句首或句末加上please。1.______tosmileatyourlifewhenyouareintrouble,andyouwillsoonbehappyagain.A.TryB.TotryC.TryingD.TriedA2._________yourumbrella,oryou’llcatchacoldonsucharainyday.A.TakeB.TotakeC.TakingD.TakesA考点二：在动词原形前加don’t构成否定的祈使句。1.Tommy,_____playbasketballinthestreetnexttime.Youmaygethitbyacar.A.doB.don’tC.mustD.mustn’tB2.—_______runinthehallways,Mike.—Sorry.Ms.Clark.A.Don’tB.PleaseC.NoA感叹句感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由what或how引导，句末用感叹号。考点一：what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词，它引导的感叹句有三种句型：1.What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词(+主语+其他)!2.What+形容词+复数可数名词(+主语+其他)!3.What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+其他)!1.—Itisreportedthatcancercanbecontrolledatatemperaturelowerthan110℃belowzero.—Really?____nicesurprise!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.WhatanC2.—______weatheritis!Shallwegoforapicnic?—Ican’tagreemore.A.WhatagoodB.WhatgoodC.HowgoodtheD.HowgoodB3.—JanewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcontest.—____________bigprogressshehasmade!SheusedtobeweakinEnglish.A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.WhataC考点二：how引导的感叹句。how作状语，修饰形容词或副词，它引导的感叹句的句型为：How+形容词/副词(+主语+其他)!1.—DidyouwatchtheChina’sMilitaryParadeonTV?—Yes.____greatitwas!A.HowB.WhatC.HowaD.WhataA2.—_____heavytherainstormis!—Yes,thetownexperiencedthemostseriousfloodduringthepasttenyears.A.HowB.WhatC.HowaD.WhataA