（呼和浩特专版）2020中考英语复习方案 第二篇 语法专题突破 专题（09）动词和动词短语课件

专题（九）动词和动词短语考点一动词种类动词的种类实义动词及物动词+宾语双宾语复合宾语不及物动词系动词:be,seem,turn,become等+表语助动词be+doingdonehave+donebeendoingdo(does,did)will,shall,would,should情态动词:may,can,must,might,could1.动词+副词:常见的有takeoff,writedown,handin,fixup等。这类动词短语的宾语如果是名词,既可放在副词前边,又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在动词和副词中间。Handinyourhomework.把你的作业交上来。Handitin.把它交上来。2.动词+介词:常见的有askfor,careabout,lookfor,lookafter,laughat,hearof,leadto,waitfor等。考点二动词短语的构成3.动词+名词:常见的有havefun,playsports,takeplace等。这类动词短语用作不及物动词短语。Thisstorytookplacethreeyearsago.这个故事发生在三年前。4.动词+副词+介词:常见的有lookdownupon,goonwith,addupto,catchupwith,dowellin,runoutof等。5.动词+名词+介词:常见的有takecareof,payattentionto等。(一)同一动词+不同介词/副词1.put短语putout熄灭;扑灭putoff推迟;取消putdown记下;镇压putinto把……放进;投入puton穿上(戴上);上演;增加putup张贴(广告等);挂起;举起考点三常考动词短语2.look短语lookat看lookfor寻找lookafter照顾lookover检查lookthrough浏览looklike看起来像lookup查阅;抬头往上看lookout留神;当心lookaround向四周看lookupto尊敬lookdownupon瞧不起;看低lookforwardto期待;盼望3.get短语getup起床getinto参与;习惯于getlost迷路getover克服getaway逃离getdown记下;写下;使沮丧getacross被传达;被理解geton上车;进展getback返回;回去;回家getoff下车;出发;动身getalong/onwithsb.与某人和睦相处4.give短语giveup放弃giveaway捐赠giveback还给;归还givebirthto生育givein屈服;让步giveout分发;散发givesb.alift捎某人一程5.take短语takeaway拿走takeout取出takeon呈现;雇用takeover接收;接管takedown记下;取下takeafter(外貌或行为)像takein欺骗;吸入;吞入(体内)takeoff脱下(衣服等);(飞机)起飞takeup从事(工作、兴趣爱好等);着手处理;占据(时间、空间)takepartin参加……;参与……takecareof照顾,照料(=lookafter)takepridein感到自豪(=beproudof)6.turn短语turnon打开turnoff关掉turnout结果是turnup调大(声音);出现turnover翻身;翻转turndown调低(声音);拒绝turnaround转身;调头7.go短语goon继续goaway走开goback回去goout出去;熄灭goalong…沿着……走goover仔细检查;复习gothrough检查;经历;通过8.come短语comefrom来自comeinto进入comein进入;进来comeout出来;出版comeup发生;提到comedown下落;下降comeon来吧;赶快;加油comeback回来;想起来comeover顺便来访;过来comeacross(偶然)遇见(或发现)comealong一道去;进步;进展cometrue(梦想等)实现;达到comeupwith想出(主意);拿出(二)不同动词+同一介词/副词1.up短语eatup吃光cleanup打扫drinkup喝光makeup组成hurryup赶快showup出现thinkup想出endup结束ringup打电话fixup修理;修补hangup挂断电话bringup养育cheerup使振奋起来growup成长;长大mixup混合在一起setup搭建;建立;设立2.out短语sellout卖光workout解决blowout吹灭pointout指出getout生产;发表;离开handout分发;发放hangout闲荡;闲逛runout用尽;耗尽checkout查证;结账离开clearout清理setout出发;启程keepout不让……进入bringout使显现;使表现出cutout停止;切断findout查明;发现tryout选拔;试用cleanout清除;把……打扫干净breakout(战争、灾难等)突然发生;爆发3.away短语throwaway扔掉runaway逃跑;跑掉putaway把……收起来;放好4.on短语fighton在(某方面)反对(某人);继续战斗passon传递keepon继续(进行)tryon试穿workon从事于dependon依赖;依靠holdon等一等(别挂电话)5.down短语falldown倒下sitdown坐下breakdown发生故障calmdown冷静下来let…down使……失望或沮丧writedown写下;记下6.in短语arrivein到达callin召来;叫来believein信任;信赖handin交上;提交;呈送joinin参加(=takepartin)7.off短语cutoff切除gooff开火;发出响声;熄灭;变质keepoff勿踏;勿踩clean…off把……擦掉showoff炫耀;卖弄payoff付清(欠款等)runoff流出;举行breakoff突然终止;中断setoff动身;起程;使爆发8.about短语thinkabout考虑careabout关心;在意talkabout谈论;讨论;议论worryabout担心;烦恼9.back短语payback偿还(借款等)talkback回嘴;顶嘴bringback恢复;使想起;归还call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话10.for短语waitfor等候;等待askfor要;要求;请求thanksfor为……而感谢preparefor为……做准备carefor照料;照顾payfor付账;付买……的钱11.from短语hearfrom收到……的来信learn…from…向……学习……preventfrom妨碍;阻止;制止separate…from…从……分开keep/stay…awayfrom避免接近;远离对接中考专练语法综合演练1.[2019·呼和浩特]—Jack,let’shaveapicnicafterschool.—Sorry.IhaveFranktoworkonthebiologyreportwithhim.A.advisedB.expectedC.suggestedD.promised[答案]D[解析]考查动词辨析。句意:“杰克,放学后我们去野餐吧。”“对不起。我已经答应弗兰克和他一起做生物报告了。”advise建议;expect期待;suggest建议;promise承诺,许诺。从语境知,这里指的是已经答应弗兰克了,不能再答应杰克去野餐了。故选D。对接中考专练语法综合演练2.[2019·呼和浩特]IreallyneedtotakemoreexercisebecauseI’m________weight.A.puttingdownB.puttingonC.puttingoffD.puttingaway[答案]B[解析]考查动词短语辨析。句意:我真的需要多锻炼,因为我正在增重。putdown放下;puton穿上;增加(体重);putoff推迟,拖延;putaway把……收起来。根据短语putonweight(体重增加)知选B。对接中考专练语法综合演练3.[2018·呼和浩特]—Thepriceofvegetablessoquicklythesedays.—Oh,no,butIdon’tthinkso.A.affordB.risesC.improvesD.raise[答案]B[解析]考查动词辨析。句意:“这些日子蔬菜的价格涨得太快了。”“哦,不,但是我不这样认为。”afford负担得起;rise上升;improve提高;raise提高。根据句意可知选B。对接中考专练语法综合演练4.[2017·呼和浩特]Itdoesn’tneedtobetrue!Youcanastory.A.setupB.stayupC.putupD.makeup5.[2016·呼和浩特]—Didyouwatchthefootballgameyesterday?—Yes,Idid.Johnisreallyadarkhorse.Nobodyhimtogosofar.A.wantedB.encouragedC.expectedD.hopedDC对接中考专练语法综合演练6.[2016·呼和浩特]—Jack,couldyouhelpmeontheInternetwhentheplanewilltakeoff?—I’msorry,becausemycomputerdoesn’twork.A.getoutB.lookoutC.takeoutD.findoutD