2020年高中英语 Unit 5 First aid Section Ⅰ Warming Up &

Unit5Firstaid[话题导读]CaringforanUnconsciousPerson1.Determineresponsiveness.Ifapersonisunconscious,trytorousehimbyspeakingtohimorbytappingattheshoulder.Donotbeafraidtospeakloudlyorevenshout.Ifhedoesnotrespondtoactivity,sound,touch,orotherstimulation,determinewhetherheisbreathing.2．Checkforbreathingandapulse.Ifunconsciousandunabletoberoused,checkforbreathing:lookforariseinthechestarea;listenforthesoundofaircominginandout;feelforairusingthesideofyourface.Ifnosignsofbreathingareapparent,placetwofingersunderthechinandgentlyguidethefacepointingupwardstoopenuphisairway.Ifanydebrissuchasvomitcanbeseen,itisappropriatetomovehimontohissidetoallowittogetout,whichisachievedwiththerecoveryposition.Checkforapulse.SectionⅠWarmingUp&Pre-reading&Reading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]FIRSTAID①FORBURNSTheskin②isanessential③partofyourbodyanditslargestorgan④.Youhavethreelayers⑤ofskinwhichactas⑥abarrier⑦againstdisease,poisons⑧andthesun'sharmfulrays⑨.Thefunctions⑩ofyourskinarealsoverycomplex⑪：itkeepsyouwarmorcool1;itpreventsyourbodyfromlosing⑫toomuchwater;itiswhereyoufeelcold，heatorpain2anditgivesyouyoursenseoftouch⑬.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburneditcanbeveryserious.Firstaidisaveryimportantfirststepinthetreatment⑭ofburns.CausesofburnsYoucangetburnedbyavariety⑮ofthings:hotliquids⑯，steam,fire,radiation⑰(bybeingclosetohighheatorfire,etc),thesun,electricityorchemicals.Typesofburns⑱Therearethreetypesofburns.Burnsarecalledfirst,secondorthirddegreeburns,dependingonwhichlayersoftheskinareburned3.•FirstdegreeburnsTheseaffectonlythetoplayeroftheskin.Theseburnsarenotseriousandshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwo⑲.Examplesincludemild⑳sunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan○21，stove○22orironforamoment.[再记住]①firstaid[eId](对伤患者的)急救②skin[skIn]n．皮；皮肤③essential[I'senʃl]adj.最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的④organ['ɔːɡən]n．器官⑤layer['leIə]n．层；层次⑥actas充当；担任⑦barrier['bærIə]n．屏障；障碍(物)⑧poison['pɔIzn]n．毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒⑨ray[reI]n．光线；射线⑩functionn．功能；功效⑪complex['kɒmpleks]adj.复杂的⑫prevent...(from)doing...阻止……做……⑬senseoftouch触觉⑭treatmentn．[C，U]治疗；处理；对待⑮variety[və'raIətI]n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)avarietyof各种各样的⑯liquid['lIkwId]n．液体⑰radiation['reIdI'eIʃn]n．辐射；射线[难点理解]1.keepyouwarmorcool为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。2.whereyoufeelcold，heatorpain为表语从句。⑱burn(s)此处为名词，意为“烧伤”⑲withinadayortwo在一两天之内⑳mild[maIld]adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildsunburn轻度的晒伤○21pan[pæn]n．平底锅；盘子○22stove[stəʊv]n．炉子；火炉[难点理解]3.现在分词短语dependingon...作方式状语，其中whichlayersoftheskinareburned是on的宾语。[再翻译]烧伤的急救皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体最大的器官。皮肤有三层，像是三层屏障，可以防病、防毒和抵御有害太阳光线的侵害。皮肤的功能也很复杂：皮肤可以保暖或保持凉爽，阻止体内的水分大量流失。正是皮肤使你感到冷、热或疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，急救是非常重要的第一步。烧伤的原因你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或化学物品。烧伤的种类烧伤有三类。根据皮肤的第几层被烧伤定义为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。一度烧伤这种烧伤只损伤皮肤的表层。这些烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。例如轻度的晒伤和由于短暂接触热锅、炉子或熨斗而导致的烫伤。需要几周康复/痊愈•SeconddegreeburnsTheseaffectboththetopandthesecondlayeroftheskin.Theseburnsareseriousandtakeafewweekstoheal○23.Examplesincludesevere○24sunburnandburnscausedbyhotliquids4.•ThirddegreeburnsTheseaffectallthreelayersoftheskinandanytissue○25andorgansundertheskin.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyelectricshocks○26，burningclothes,orseverepetrolfires.Theseburnscauseverysevereinjuriesandthevictimmustgotohospitalatonce.[先读通]CharacteristicsofburnsFirstdegreeburns•dry,redandmildlyswollen○27•mildly○28painful•turn○29whitewhenpressed5Seconddegreeburns•rough○30，redandswollen•blisters○31•watery○32surface•extremelypainfulThirddegreeburns•blackandwhiteandcharred○33•swollen;oftentissueunderthemcanbeseen•littleornopainifnerves○34aredamaged○35；maybepainaroundedgeofinjuredarea.Firstaidtreatment1Removeclothingusingscissors○36ifnecessary6unlessitisstuckto○37theburn.Takeoff○38otherclothingandjewellery○39neartheburn.2Cool○40burnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticy○41water.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundergentlyrunningwaterforabout10minutes7.(Thecoolwaterstopstheburningprocess,preventsthepainbecomingunbearable○42andreducesswelling.)Donotputcoldwateronthirddegreeburns.3Forfirstdegreeburns,placecool,clean,wetclothsonthemuntilthepainisnotsobad.Forseconddegreeburns,keepclothscoolbyputtingthemback○43inabasin○44ofcoldwater,squeezingthemout○45andplacingthemontheburnedareaoverandoveragain○46foraboutanhouruntilthepainisnotsobad.○23heal[hiːl]vi.&vt.(使)康复；(使)化解○24severeadj.十分严重的；极为恶劣的severesunburn严重的晒伤○25tissue['tIʃuː]n．(生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸○26electricshock触电；电休克○27swollen['swəʊlən]adj.肿胀的swell[swel]vi.&vt.(swelled，swollen)(使)膨胀；隆起[再记住]○28mildly['maIldlI]adv.轻微地；温和地mildly用作程度状语，相当于slightly。○29turnlink­v.使成为；转变成○30roughadj.粗糙的○31blister['blIstə]n．水泡vi.&vt.(使)起泡○32watery['wɔːtərI]adj.(似)水的○33char[tʃɑː]vi.烧焦○34nerve[nɜːv]n．神经；胆量○35damagevt.损坏；损伤[难点理解]4.过去分词短语causedbyhotliquids作后置定语，修饰burns。5.whenpressed是省略了主语和be动词的时间状语从句。该句补全为：whentheyarepressed。○36scissors['sIzəz]n．(pl.)剪刀○37stickto粘在……上；坚持○38takeoff拿掉；取掉○39jewelleryn．[U]珠宝(总称)○40cool在此处为及物动词，意为“使……凉下来”○41icyadj.冰的；冰冷的○42unbearable[ʌn'beərəbl]adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的[难点理解]6.ifnecessary为省略形式，其完整句式为ifitisnecessary。7.it为形式主语，动词不定式短语toplaceburns...为真正的主语。○43putback放回○44basin['beIsn]n．盆；盆地abasinof...一盆……○45squeeze[skwiːz]vt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨squeezeout榨出；挤出○46overando