2020年高中英语 Unit 3 Computers Section Ⅳ Grammar & Wri

Unit3ComputersSectionⅣGrammar&Writing第一板块单元语法现在完成时的被动语态教材语法领悟1．(教材P18)OvertimeI___________________(change)quitealot.2．(教材P18)Sincethe1970smanynewapplications_____________(find)forme.3．Theimportantproblem__________________(discuss)fornearlytwoweeks.4．Theinkhasnot____________(remove)fromtheclothes.5．Hasn'tyourproblem___________(solve)?6．Howmanybuildings_______________(build)inyourschoolinthelasttenyears?havebeenchangedhavebeenfoundhasbeendiscussedbeenremovedbeensolvedhavebeenbuilt语法考点精析一、结构肯定式主语＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主语＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone...？特殊疑问式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone...？Hehasbeenselectedtotakepartinthesportsmeeting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。Theconstructionofthebridgehasnotbeenfinished.桥的建设还没有完成。Hasthedateforthenextmeetingbeendecided?下次会议的日期已决定了吗？Howlonghasthebatterynotbeenchanged?电池多久没有更换了？二、用法1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.机器已经修好了。2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Howlong...？”句型中。Financialproblemsofthecompanyhavebeendiscussedfornearlytwohours.公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?这部电影已放映多长时间了？3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。Youshouldn'tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。[名师指津]常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already已经yet已经recently/lately最近sincethen从那时起eversince自那以来ever曾经sofar迄今为止foralongtime很长一段时间bynow到现在为止inrecentyears在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在过去的几年里三、注意事项1．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。Hisbosshasalreadypunishedhim.→Hehasalreadybeenpunished(byhisboss)．2．带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。Thecompanyhasgivenhimachancetoworkabroadrecently.→Hehasbeengivenachancetoworkabroadrecently(bythecompany)．→Achancetoworkabroadhasbeengiventohimrecently(bythecompany)．语法专项训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Morethan100famousfilms_______________(show)inthecitysinceJuly.2．Sinceyourwork_________________(finish),youcanhavearestnow.3．Howmanycars______________(make)inthefactorysince1990?havebeenshownhasbeenfinishedhavebeenmade4．Threenewschools________________(open)inourcityinthepastfiveyears.5．It'sthefirsttimethattheoldcomputer________________(check)sinceIboughtit.6．Greatchanges____________(take)placeinmyhometownandyoucanseethatalotoffactories_______________(set)up.7．—Wewanttositatthetablenearthewindow.—I'msorry,butit______________(take)already.havebeenopenedhasbeencheckedhavetakenhavebeensethasbeentaken8．It'ssaidthatthebridge_______________(close)forrepairsformonths.9．Thoughwedon'tknowwhatwasdiscussed,yetwecanfeelthetopic________________(change)．10．Howtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem_____________________(decide)yet.hasbeenclosedhasbeenchangedbeendecidedhasn'tⅡ.单句改错1．I'msorry,butthelettershaven'ttypedyet.______________2．Theplanhasbeendiscussfornearlytwohours.____________________3．Shehasn'tbeenheardsincethen._______________4．Iwillgohomewhenmyhomeworkhasfinished.__________________5．Papermoneyhasusedforoveronethousandyears._______________type前加beendiscuss→discussedheard后加fromfinished前加beenused前加beenⅢ.语法与写作1．_________________________________(男孩们已经被多次告知)nottoswiminthatlake,butitdoesn'tmakeanydifference.2．WearegladtobetoldthatLiTao_____________________(已经被录取)FudanUniversityforhistopscoreintheMathsContest.Theboyshavebeentoldmanytimeshasbeenadmittedto3．Withthehelpofhightechnology,moreandmorenewsubstances(物质)______________________(已经被发现)inthepastyears.4．Whenandwheretogofortheon­salaryholiday________________________(没有确定)yet.5．People'shealth___________________________(受到了很大的影响)byairpollution,noisepollutionandwaterpollution.havebeendiscoveredhasnothasbeengreatlyaffectedbeendecided