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专题一语法运用第三节核心考点讲练通重难增分四并列句和状语从句并列句是高考考查的重点之一,重点考查上下句之间的逻辑关系,尤其在短文改错中考查and,but,or的错用;both...and,either...or,not...but...等固定搭配;while表示对比转折。状语从句主要考查考生对连词词义记忆并熟练运用于解题的能力,尤其是时间状语连词(when,while,as,until,before,since);条件状语连词(if,unless);地点状语连词(where,wherever);结果状语连词(such/so...that)等。语法填空中的并列句和状语从句[高考这样考]1.(2018·高考北京卷改编)____________wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.2.(2018·高考江苏卷改编)____________youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.3.(2017·高考天津卷改编)Ijustsatbythewindowwatchingthepassingscene____________Icaughttheeyeofawaiterandorderedmymeal.4.(高考广东卷)Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass____________itbegantorainheavily.5.(2017·高考北京卷改编)—Peter,pleasesenduspostcards____________we'llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem.[题目这么解]1.确定从句类型:并列连词既可以连接并列的单词或短语,也可以连接并列的分句。语法填空无提示词的考查中,当两个或两个以上的单词、短语之间没有连词,一般是填并列连词。当两个或两个以上的句子之间没有连词时,如果空格前后句子是并列、选择、转折或因果关系时,就要选择使用合适的并列连词;当两个句子中一个句子充当形容词修饰另一个句子时,就判定为定语从句;如果空格处所填词引导的从句在整个句子中起名词的作用(作主语、宾语、表语或同位语),则为名词性从句;如果空格处所填词引导的从句起副词的作用,则为状语从句。并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”,两句之间是并列关系;而从句是在前后两个句子中,一个为主句,一个为从句,从句处于“依附”地位。2.结合句意理顺句子间的逻辑关系。常见的连词有:or表“选择”;but表“转折”;for表“原因”;so表“因果”(如题5);while表“对比”。常见的状语从句连词有:表“时间”的when(如题4),while,as,since,before,until(如题3);表“条件”的if,unless(如题1,题2);表“原因”的because,since;表“地点”的where;表“让步”的although/though,while,as,evenif/though;表“结果”的so/such...that...3.看是否涉及固定搭配或句式。自我诊断:1.If2.Unless3.until4.when5.so[类题对点练]1.①Ifyoutakethemedicine,youwillbeallright.②Takethismedicine,andyouwillbeallright.2.①Although/Thoughmoneyisnecessaryforahappylife,itcan'tbuyhappiness.②Moneyisnecessaryforahappylife,butitcan'tbuyhappiness.3.①Hegotuplatesohemissedthefirstbus.②Hemissedthefirstbusbecausehegotuplate.4.(2019·湖北八校联考)Theyarenotlikeustofinishitinonedrink,butprefertodrinkbytakingasmallamountatatime.5.(2019·河北保定摸底考试)Although/Though/While_TCMhasbeenwidelyaccepted,itstillfaceschallenges.短文改错中的并列句和状语从句[高考这样考]1.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Suddenlyafootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.____________2.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)WhenIstudiedchemistryinhighschool,Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.____________3.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)ThegamemyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.____________4.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent,waitingtoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud.____________5.(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.____________[题目这么解]1.理清前后句的逻辑关系是避免并列连词误用的关键(如题1,题2,题3,题4);2.有无连词的多余现象,比如:because与so,though/although与but,themoment/minute与when不能同时使用(如题5);3.有无连词的缺失现象,如表因果关系的两个句子之间缺失了because或so。自我诊断:1.but→and2.or→and3.where→when4.and→or5.去掉but[类题对点练]1.(2019·福建四校联考)Sheusedtobeeasytogetangry,especiallythatshewaswithfamilymembersonly.答案:Sheusedtobeeasytogetangry,especiallythatwhenshewaswithfamilymembersonly.2.(2019·福建泉港、南安期中联考)Thoughheis50,butheappearsveryyoung.答案:Thoughheis50,butheappearsveryyoung.3.Nowadays,thewordfriendshiphasbeenusedveryoftenthatithaslostitsmeaning.答案:Nowadays,thewordfriendshiphasbeenusedverysooftenthatithaslostitsmeaning.4.(2019·湖北宜昌示范性高中协作体期中)IwasjustabouttogiveitupwhileIsuddenlynoticedalittleboywalkingtowardstheseacalmly.答案:IwasjustabouttogiveitupwhilewhenIsuddenlynoticedalittleboywalkingtowardstheseacalmly.5.(2019·湖南浏阳六校期中联考)ItturnedoutthatmyrightanklegotinjuredbutIhadtobesenttohospital.答案:Itturnedoutthatmyrightanklegotinjuredbutand/soIhadtobesenttohospital.并列句和状语从句的核心知识提炼一、并列连词分类及用法1.转折/对比并列连词but,while。其中,while连接并列句时,两分句之间是对比关系。Itoftenrainsinthesouth,whileitseldomrainsinthenorth.南方经常下雨,而北方却很少下雨。2.联合并列连词notonly...but(also),neither...nor,both...and...等。Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,but(also)hespokemoreeasily.他不仅讲得更正确,而且讲得更容易。3.选择并列连词(or,either...or等)Wouldyouliketoleaveorstay?你想离开还是留下?4.特殊并列连词及并列句(1)when可用作并列连词,常用于下列句式:①beabouttodosth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”②beonthepointofdoingsth.when...“正要做某事,这时突然……”③bedoingsth.when...“正在做某事,这时突然……”④haddonesth.when...“刚做了某事,这时突然……”Hewasabouttogotoschoolwhenastrongwindbegantoblow.他刚要去学校,这时突然开始刮起一阵强风。(2)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”RegisterinRenren,andyouwillbeabletogetintouchwiththefriendswhomyouhaven'tseenforalongtime.注册人人网,你就能够联系上你很长时间没有见的朋友们。二、状语从句中as的用法as引导时间状语从句,强调主从句动作同时发生或伴随进行,意为“一边……一边……,随着……,当……时”;as引导原因状语从句,意为“因为”;as引导让步状语从句时,从句必须要部分倒装;as引导方式状语从句时,意为“正如……,像……”。IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.我一边沿着河走一边读这封信。(as引导时间状语从句)Ican'tgowithyou,asIhavealotofworktodo.我不能和你一起去,因为我有很多工作要做。(as引导原因状语从句)Youngasheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.虽然他很年轻,但是他能用若干种语言读和写。(as引导让步状语从句)WillyoupleasedotheexperimentasIamdoing?请按我做的方法做这个实验好吗?(as引导方式状语从句)三、需牢记的固定结构1.so/such...that...如此……以至于……2.not...until...直到……才……3.Itwill/won'tbe+一段时间+before...要过多少时间才/没过多长时间就……4.Itis+一段时间+since...自从……多长时间5.whether...or...无论……还是……,引导让步状语从句
本文标题:2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题一 语法运用 第三节 重难增分四 并列句和状语从句课件
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