第一课文化与社会第1课时体味文化Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅢGrammar01课前语法感知教材语法感知①Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.②Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatwerekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.③Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhich/thatwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.④Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.⑤Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.(1)关系代词指人,在定语从句中作,如①②④。(2)关系代词指物,在从句中作,如③。(3)关系代词既可以指也可以指,在从句中作,如②③。(4)关系代词,在定语从句中作,表所属关系可以指,也可以指,如⑤。who主语、宾语which主语、宾语that人物主语、宾语whose定语人物真题语法感悟1.(2017·北京高考)Thelittleproblems________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.2.(2017·江苏高考)In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.3.(2016·北京高考)Ilivenextdoortoacouple________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.thatwhosewhose02课堂合作探究定语从句(Ⅰ)定语从句,也称为形容词性从句,在复合句中修饰、限定某一名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词;引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词,如:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等,在从句中作主语、定语、宾语;关系副词,如:when,where,why等,在从句中作状语。关系代词作宾语时一般可以省略。一、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语。Iknowaboutthemanwhospoketoyoujustnow.我了解刚才跟你谈话的那个人。Theman(who)weinvitedtothepartyisProfessorSmith.我们邀请参加聚会的人是史密斯教授。2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略,在口语中也可用who代替whom。Theman(whom/who/that)yousawjustnowisournewEnglishteacher.刚才你看到的那个人是我们的新英语老师。Hereistheman(whom/who)youarelookingfor.你要找的人在这儿。3.whose既可指人,也可指物。其后接名词,与先行词构成从属关系,在定语从句中作定语。Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。Nobodywantsthehousewhoseroofhasfallendown.没有人要这个屋顶已坍塌了的房子。4.which只指物,不指人,在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。作宾语时可省略。Guilinisacitywhichhasahistoryof2,000years.桂林是一座有2,000年历史的城市。Theyoungmanwasveryhappytogetbackthegoldring(which)hehadlostonthetrain.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指,非常高兴。5.that既可指人,又可指物,在从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时常可省略。Thereisafilm(that)I'dliketosee.有一部我想看的电影。SheistheonlyoneamongusthatknowsFrench.她是我们当中唯一懂法语的人。【即景活用1】单句语法填空①Idon'tknowthegirl_________________youspeakto.②WangWeiandWangKunwerecyclingalongtheriver______________iscalledLancangRiverinChina.③Thoseboys________areplayingtennisaremyfriends.④Theearthquake____________happenedin1976inTangshanshockedthepeopleallovertheworld.⑤Ilookedupatmyfriend________lookonthefacewasdetermined.whom/that/whowhich/thatthat/whowhich/thatwhose二、关系代词只能用that,而不用which的情况1.先行词为不定代词(all,nothing,theone,much等)或被不定代词修饰时。Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.你可以坐任何空座。Tellusallthatyouknow.告诉我们你所知道的。2.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。ThatisthefirstcompositionthatI'vewritteninEnglish.这是我用英语写的第一篇作文。3.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.被用来防止污染,这是最好的。4.当先行词既有人又有物时。Everyonewantstoseethespaceshipandthespacemanthatmadetheflightaroundtheearth.每个人都想看围绕地球飞行的宇宙飞船和宇航员。5.先行词被theonly,thesame,thevery等词修饰时。Thatistheverypen(that)Iamlookingfor.那正是我正在找的钢笔。6.当主句是以who或which引导的特殊疑问句时。Whichofthetwocowsthatyoukeepproducesmoremilk?你养的这两头奶牛哪一头产奶多?【即景活用2】单句语法填空①Thereseemstobenothing________seemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.②Hepreferstheapples______________comefromhisparents'farm.③Ihavereadallthebooks________yougaveme.④ThisisthebestTVseries________hasbeenshownthismonth.⑤Thisistheonlynewspaper________Ireadinthemorning.thatthat/which(that)that(that)三、关系代词只能用which,而不用that的情况1.关系代词前有介词时(即介词后)。ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。2.在非限制性定语从句中。HaveyoueverreadthebookTheThreeMusketeers,whichwaswrittenbyAlexandreDumas?你读过亚历山大·杜马写的《三个火枪手》吗?名师点津在用“介词+which”引导的定语从句中,有时介词可以直接放入定语从句中,此时用that或which均可。Thehousewhich/thatIusedtoliveinhasbecomeashoeshop.【即景活用3】单句语法填空①Hewrotemanybooks,mostof________havebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.②Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,________isquiteunexpected.whichwhich四、关系代词用who,不宜用that的情况1.当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,ones,anyone时。Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.那样做的任何人一定是疯了。2.当先行词是人称代词I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中)。Hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。3.当先行词为指人的those时。Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。4.在therebe结构中,先行词指人时。Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.有一个年轻人想见你。【即景活用4】(1)单句语法填空Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.who(2)单句写作①她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。Shewasnotonthetrain________________________.②看那栋楼,楼顶的颜色是白的。Lookatthebuilding,________________.③这就是我们谈论过的那个老师。Thisistheteacher____________________________.④偷你汽车的人已经被逮捕了。Theman________________hasbeenarrested.which/thatarrivedjustnowwhoseroofiswhite(whom)wehavetalkedaboutwhostoleyourcar⑤你知道他们讨论的事和人吗?Doyouknowthethingsandpersons___________________________________?⑥房租被提高的人可以上诉。People________________________canappeal.⑦这是我看到过的最好的一部电影。Thisisthebestmovie________________.⑧音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。Musicistheonlything________________.thattheyaretalkingaboutwhoserentshavebeenraised(that)I'veeverseenthatinterestsme
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本文标题:2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes Section Ⅲ Gramm
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