2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity Section

Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Testingisstilltheusual_______(方法)bywhichstudents'progressismeasuredinmostChineseschools.2．Thankstothegoodpolicy,economyis_________(繁荣),whichhascreatedjobopportunities.3．Itwasbecoming________(明显的)tomethatshedidn'tlikeme.distinctmeansboomingSectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints4．Astrongmanwillbear(困苦)withoutcomplaining.5．Onlyafewoftheshopkeepersthoughthighlyoftheplan.The(大多数)wereagainstit.6．What(百分比)ofthestudentswereabsent?7．TaiwanIslandandthemainlandareseparatedbytheTaiwan(海峡)．8．ThespokesmanoftheForeign(部长)announcedthenewstothereporters.MinistryhardshipmajoritypercentageStraitsⅡ.拓展词汇1．n．大多数；大半→minority(反义词)n.少数2．n．意大利→n．&adj.意大利人(的)；意大利语(的)3．adj.人种的；种族的→racen．人种；种族4．vt.选择；选举→electionn．选举5．n．飞行器；飞机→[pl.]6．vi.移入(外国定居)→n．移民；移居入境immigrationmajorityItalyItalianracialelectaircraftaircraftimmigrate[巧记单词]例词规律racialn.去e­ial→adj.electionv.＋­ion→n.派生词immigrationv.去e＋­ion→n.合成词aircraftn.＋n.→n.Ⅲ.补全短语1．live继续存在；继续生存；依靠……生存2．bymeans...用……办法；借助……3．declarewar...向……宣战4．Makelife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等5．becomehome成为……的家园6．Keep坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)7．Suffer遭受8．addition而且；除……以外(还)inonofon/againstatoupfrom1．[教材原句]ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚州地区的，谁也说不清楚。[句型点拨]what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。[佳句赏析]In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。2．[教材原句]However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，可能至少在15000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。[句型点拨]itislikelythat...“有可能……”。[佳句赏析]It'slikelythattheconferencewillbeputoffbecauseoftheweather.这次会议有可能会由于天气原因而被推迟。3．[教材原句]OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原居住人民传授天主教。[句型点拨]修饰序数词thelast或theonly等或被这些词限定的名词或代词时，用不定式作定语。[佳句赏析]ShewasthefirstathletetowinthegoldmedalinRioOlympics.她是第一个在里约奥运会上赢得金牌的运动员。4．[教材原句]Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们相信，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。[句型点拨]Itisbelievedthat...“人们认为/相信……”，其构成为：It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句。[佳句赏析]Itisbelievedthatgreenhousegasesarethemaincausesofglobalwarming.人们认为温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。1．Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.(P1)这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。★liveon继续存在；继续生存；以……为食；靠……为生写出下列句中liveon的含义①Inordertoliveon,thelionshavetoleavethisgrasslandforanotherplace.②ForKobe,20­yearNBAcareerfinallycloseditsdoor,buthisspiritandachievementstillliveon.③Thepoordisabledcoupleliveonasmallincome.④Apandalivesonbambooleaves.继续生存继续存在靠……为生以……为食livethrough经历……而幸存liveupto符合；不辜负(希望)；履行livewith和……一起生活；容忍……live/leada...life过着……的生活⑤Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewhoWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.当你浏览这本书时，你会发现经历过二战的数百万中的每一个人都有不同的经历。⑥Hadsheherpromise,shewouldhavemadeittoYaleUniversity.如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。livedthroughlivedupto2．However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(P2)然而，可能至少在15000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。★itislikelythat...＝sb./sth.belikelytodosth.“做某事是可能的”①Itislikelythattheweatherwillbefinetomorrow.＝Theweatherislikelytobefinetomorrow.明天天气可能会很晴朗。[辨析]likely用于itislikelythat...或sb./sth.belikelytodosth.句型中possible用于itispossible(forsb.)todosth.或itispossiblethat...句型中probable常用于itisprobablethat...句型中②Wouldleaveamessageforher?我可以给她留个口讯吗？③It'sthattheywillcomebacknextweek.他们可能下周回来。itbepossibleformetolikely/probable/possible3．ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.(P2)科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代就已经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。★meansn．方法；手段(单复数同形)(1)ameansof...……的方法meansofproduction/transport/communication生产工具/运输工具/通信手段(2)bymeansof用，依靠；通过byallmeans无论如何；当然可以(口语)bynomeans绝对不；无论如何都不(用于句首，句子要倒装)①Scientistsareworkingtodeviseameansofstoringthistypeofpower.科学家们正在为发明一种能储存这种动力的方法而工作。②controlledrelease,Icandelivermybookstosomespecificperson.通过定向发放，我能把我的书送给某个特别的人。③Howeverweareinahurry,weshouldbynomeansgothroughtheredlight.→Howeverweareinahurry,bynomeanstheredlight.无论我们多么匆忙，我们决不要闯红灯。Bymeansofshouldwegothrough[点津]当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every,each,one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some,several,many,few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。④Everypossiblemeans(try),butnoneworks.＝Allpossiblemeans(try),butnoneworks.所有可能的办法都已经尝试过了，但没有一种奏效。hasbeentriedhavebeentried4．OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(P2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。★majorityn．大多数；大半(常与the连用)(1)ina/themajority占大多数a/themajorityof大多数……by/withamajorityof以大多数……(2)minorityn.少数intheminority占少数①WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Imaychoosetogiveitupandrespecttheopinionofthemajority.当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃我的意见并尊重大多数人的意见。②Amongthemembersofthecommitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanare.委员会成员中赞成这项计划的占大多数。[点津](1)themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。inthemajority(2)themajorityof＋复数名词＋复数谓语动词不可数名词＋单数谓语动词③Themajorityofelectorswhomtheyaregoingtovotefor.大多数选民已经决定投票选谁。④Themajorityofworkbefore