2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 Adventure in Literature a

SectionⅢGrammar—复习动词形式语法图解探究发现①Thelightmovedandasurprisedfacelookedout.②Themanaskedustofollowhimonourraftandweallwentbacktothesteamboat.③Laterhebecameajournalistandbeganwritingstoriesaboutlifeontheriver.④Weclimbedquietlyinandaswepaddledawayweheardthetwomenshouting.⑤ButIpersuadedhimtohelpme,andwefoundthemen'sboattiedtotheothersideofthesteamboat.⑥Thereweretwomenstandingoverhim.⑦Idon'twanttoboardasinkingship.⑧Whenheheardthat,thefrightenedmanonthefloorstartedcrying.⑨Itlooksasifit'llgoundersoon.⑩AlthoughIwasfrightened,Ialsofeltcurious.⑪Shekeptsilent.⑫Edisonfinallybecameagreatinventor.[我的发现](1)①～⑧句中的黑体部分分别在句中作什么成分？_______作定语；作宾补；作宾语。(2)⑫句中的系动词为，表语是词；句中有两个系动词；⑩⑪句中的表语都是词；⑨句中的系动词为，表语是引导的从句。①⑥⑦②④⑤③⑧became⑩名形容looksasif一、非谓语动词非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、动名词和分词三类，它们没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词能作除谓语之外的其他句子成分。1．动词不定式和动词形式作宾语(1)动词不定式作宾语时，往往跟在某些及物动词的后面。常见的此类动词有：afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,manage,pretend,plan,refuse,hope,want,wish等。HowIwishtoseemyoldfriendsagain!我是多么想再见到我的老朋友啊！[巧学助记]决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意要求帮一帮。(2)跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)有：enjoy,admit,avoid,escape,consider(考虑),delay,putoff,giveup,advise,suggest,dislike,mind,miss,practise,risk,appreciate,beusedto(习惯于),feellike,lookforwardto,getdownto,can'thelp(情不自禁)等。Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。[巧学助记]坚持练习不逃避，建议完成少延期。享受忍受不介意，避免否定与妒忌。思考冒险想象力，承认过错原谅你。(3)动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语时，如果其后跟宾语补足语，这时常用it作形式宾语，把不定式或动词-ing形式后置。Wethinkitquiteimportanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.我们认为学好一门外语很重要。Weconsideritnousearguingwithher.我们认为和她争论是没用的。(4)既接动词不定式也接动词-ing形式的动词①有些动词接不定式和动词-ing形式时没有很大区别，如continue,begin,start,prefer,like,love,hate等。②有些动词或动词短语后面接不定式和动词形式作宾语，意思却完全不同。forgettodosth.忘记要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事remembertodosth.记得要做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事trytodosth.试图做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事regrettodosth.遗憾/抱歉要做regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事goontodosth.接下来做另外一件事goondoingsth.继续做原来的事情can'thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事Ireallyregretmissing/havingmissedhislecture.我很后悔错过了他的讲座。Iregrettotellyouthatyouhavebeendismissed.我很遗憾地告诉你你被开除了。2．动词不定式和动词形式作宾语补足语(1)跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise,allow,beg,tell,ask,order,persuade,cause,force,forbid,invite,request,want,warn等。Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。(2)有些动词，如make,let,have,see,watch,hear,notice等用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to。Isawhimgointotheclassroom.我看见他走进了教室。(3)动词作宾语补足语时，宾语和宾语补足语之间是主动关系，且强调动作正在进行或延续。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她在唱英文歌。Don'thavethelightsburningallthenight.不要让灯整夜都亮着。[名师点津]感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示动作已经发生；跟动词形式作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行。3．动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作定语(1)动词-ing形式作定语与被修饰词之间是主动或进行关系；动词-ed形式作定语与被修饰词之间是被动或完成关系。Thesleepingboyismyson.那个正睡觉的男孩是我儿子。HaveyoureadanyshortstoriestranslatedbyLuXun?你读过鲁迅先生翻译的短篇小说吗？(2)某些具有使动意义的动词-ed形式表示心理感受或心理状态，常被译作“感到……的”，而其-ing形式常表示事物的性质特征，常译作“令人感到……的，令人……的”。afrightenedlook一个害怕的表情afrighteninglook一个令人害怕的表情4．动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语动词-ing作表语表示主语的性质；动词-ed作表语表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受。Theshoutwasfrighteningandtheboysfeltfrightened.那声大喊令人害怕，那帮男孩害怕了。即时演练1单句语法填空①So,whatkindsoffooddoyouavoid(eat)?②Idon'tallowinmydrawingroomandIdon'tallowmyfamilyatall.(smoke)③AsIwillbeawayforatleastayear,I'dappreciate(hear)fromyounowandthen(tell)mehoweverythingisgoing.④Andwealsogavehimthe(boil)riceandwater.⑤It'stimeIgotdownto(think)aboutthatessay.⑥Ithinkitessential(reserve)airtickets.eatingsmokingtosmokehearingtellingboiledthinkingtoreserve⑦Theresultofthetalkwas(satisfy),sowehadabigdinnertogetherlastnight.⑧The(frighten)boystartedcryingandlookedforhismothereverywhere.⑨Ifinallypersuadedmymother(give)memorefreedomonweekends.⑩Harrygot(excite)whenheheardthenewsthathehadbeenchosentobeanexchangestudent.satisfyingfrightenedtogiveexcited⑪Thepolicemanwas(astonish)tofindthedriverwasanineyearoldboy.⑫AndIoftenhearbirds(sing)．⑬Thereareancientdescriptionsofcrossbows(hide)atthetomb'sentrance.⑭Weshouldthinkofawaytomakehimbecome(interest)inourplan.⑮Assheislookingforwardto(hear)fromme,pleaseremembertopostthisletteronyourwaytoschool.astonishedsinginghiddeninterestedhearing二、连系动词1．连系动词本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成复合谓语。常见的连系动词有：(1)状态系动词：be,remain,keep,stay；(2)表示“看起来”的系动词：seem,appear,look；(3)表示“……起来”的感官系动词：feel,smell,sound,taste,look；(4)变化系动词：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come等。Whenshesawthis,sheturnedred.她看到这，脸红了。Youlookyoungforyourage.就年龄而言，你看上去很年轻。Allourdreamwillcometrueoneday.我们所有的梦想总有一天会成真的。2．连系动词后面除可跟形容词外，也可接like,asif/asthough等短语或句型。Hesoundsasifhewerecryingwhilesheappearslikeahappygirl.他听起来好像在哭，而她看起来像一个快乐的女孩。即时演练22－1.完成句子①Atthenews,she.听到这个消息，她变得很生气。②Theseflowers.这些花闻起来很香。③Sheasshehadexpected.她如愿成为一名护士。④Itatfirst.一开始它看起来像一匹马。becameveryangrysmellverysweetturnednurselookslikeahorse2－2.翻译句子⑤她病了一星期了。(fall)⑥天看起来好像要下雨。(look)⑦那些橘子很好吃。(taste)⑧天气变得越来越暖和了。(get)It'saweeksinceshefellill.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Thoseorangestastegood.Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Onthelastdayofourweek­longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderth