语言学习策略与成功的语言学习

RaeLan,20071LanguageLearningStrategiesforSuccessfulLanguageLearning語言學習策略與成功的語言學習高雄第一科技大學Nov.22,2007藍蕾東吳大學副教授RaeLan,Ph.D.TESOL/SecondLanguageEducationDepartmentofCurriculum&InstructionUniversityofMaryland,CollegeParkEmail:[e-mail],20072Vocabphobia–aThink-aloudPrtocol•Arachnophobia-spider•SocialPhobia-socialize•Aerophobia-flying•Agoraphobia-public•Claustrophobia-enclosedspace•Acrophobia-heights•Emetophobia-vomit•Carcinophobia-cancer•Brontophobia-thunderstorm•Necrophobia-deanthRaeLan,20073AFishOrAFishingRod?-•DefiningLanguageLearningStrategies•HowareLLSscategorized?•ExamplesofLanguageLearningStrategies•WhyareLLSsimportant?•FactorsAffectingLLSsUse•ApplyingLLSinvariousskills•ConclusionRaeLan,20074WhatAreLanguageLearningStrategies?•Definition-Learningstrategiesarebehaviorsorthoughtsthatthelearneruseswithsomedegreeofcontrolorawarenesstoenhancehisorherlearning.(Oxford,2003)•*Specificactionstakenbythelearnertomakelearningeasier,faster,moreenjoyable,moreself-directed,moreeffectiveandmoretransferabletonewsituations”(Oxford,1990,p.8)RaeLan,20075HowAreStrategiesCategorized?Oxford’sSixStrategyTaxonomy(1990)DirectStrategiesIndirectStrategiesMemoryStrategiesCompensationStrategiesCognitiveStrategiesAffectiveStrategiesSocialStrategiesMeta-cognitiveStrategiesRaeLan,20076ExamplesofStrategies:•Activatingpriorknowledge/experiences•Analyzingexpressionstouncoverthemeaning•Planningandorganizing•Positiveself-talk•Usingimagestorememberwords•CategorizingvocabularyformemorizationRaeLan,20077WhyAreLLSsImportant?•LLSsfacilitateandenhancelanguagelearning•LLSsaretoolsusedbyteacherstoscaffoldlearning•LLSshelptoreachtheZoneofProximalDevelopment(Vygotsky)•LLSsmaketeachingmoreefficient•LLSschangetherolesplayedbyteachers•LLSstransformpassivelearnerstoactivelearners•LLSspromotelearnerautonomyRaeLan,20078FactorsAffectingLLSsUseLearningStylesGenderSelf-ratingPriorLearningProficiencyLearningContextAttitudeLanguageLearningStrategiesRaeLan,20079MemorizingAListofWords•Identifywhatstrategiesyouarealreadyusingandseehowtheyworkforyou•Brainstormingonavocabularytaskwithotherlearners•Exchangeideasandexperience•Expandyourstrategybank•PracticeRaeLan,200710Listening•Dependingonthecontextsorsituations•Determiningyourpurposes•Makinguseofanyresourcesavailable•Gettingthewholepicturev.s.listeningfordetails(top-downv.s.bottom-up)•Selectingmaterialsthatfiti+1•Practicingmakesperfect!RaeLan,200711Speaking•Dependingonthecontextsorsituations•Usingverbal/non-verbalcommunication•Applyingcompensationstrategies•Listeningcarefully(receivinginput)forspeakingappropriately(strategizingoutput)•Consciouslyusingnewvocab./expressionsRaeLan,200712Reading•Dependingonthecontextsorsituations•Applyingpre-,during-andafter-readingstrategies•Usingstickys,takingnotesonthemargins,underlying,•Predicting,questioning,clarifyingandsummarizing•Dependingonthecontextsorsituations•Employingpre-,during-,andafter-writingstrategies•Processwritingstages-–Prewriting–Drafting–Rereading–Peer-revising–Revising••Settingyourgoals•Highlightingyourstrengthsandeludingyourweaknesses(improvinglater)•Avoidingreadingfromyourpaper•Applyingtechnologies(powerpointslides)•Usingattention-getters•Opening,closing,manners,CONFIDENCE!Its’alearnedskill,notanaturaltalent.RaeLan,200715Wrap-UpActivityAudreyKeikoAzumaAshortfilmdirectedbyStanleyNakazono*Whatisanasianphile?*Whatarethetwometaphorsused*Whatisthestoryabout?Q:Whatstrategiesdidyouapplytohelpyourselfunderstandthefilm?RaeLan,200716Conclusions-•Takeinitiativesinexploringlearningstrategiesusedforalldiscipline•Identifyyourownstrategiesthatwork•Expandyourstrategies•Beingmetacognitivelyawareofyourstrategyuse•Usestrategiesthatfityourlearningstyle•Employstrategiesattherighttimeintherightplaceontherighttasktotherightperson•Reflectandevaluateyourstrategyuse•Practice,self-esteem,motivationandsuccess!RaeLan,200717更多资源