2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 The world of our senses Sec

-1-Unit1Theworldofoursenses人和动物之所以能够闻到、听到、尝到、看到、感觉到事物，是因为有感觉器官。What'sthatsmell？Doyouhearthatnoise？Tastethis！Lookatme！Feelthis，isn'titsoft？Whenyouhear，orevenusethesephrases，youprobablydon'tstoptothinkaboutwhyweusethem.Well，it'sbecauseofoursenses.Withoutusevenknowing，oursenseorgans(nose，eyes，ears，tongue，andskin)aretakingininformationandsendingittothebrainforprocessing.Ifwedidn'thavethem，wewouldnotbeabletosmell，see，hear，taste，ortouchanything!Sensesarethephysicalmeansbywhichalllivingthingssee，hear，smell，taste，andtouch.Eachsensecollectsinformationabouttheworldanddetectschangeswithinthebody.Bothpeopleandanimalsgetalloftheirknowledgefromtheirsenses，andthatiswhysensesaresoimportant.Allsensesdependontheworkingnervesystem.Oursenseorgansstarttoworkwhensomethingstimulatesspecialnervecells，calledreceptors，inasenseorgan.Oncestimulated，thereceptorssendnerveimpulsesalongsensorynervestothebrain.Yourbrainthentellsyouwhattodo.Forexample，yoursoundreceptorsareoftenattackedbybillionsofsoundwaves.Whenthesesignalsreachthepartofthebraincalledthecerebralcortex，webecomeconsciousofthesounds.[阅读障碍词]1．process处理2．nerve神经3．stimulate刺激，激发4．receptor感受器；受体5．nerveimpulse神经冲动6．thecerebralcortex大脑皮层7．becomeconsciousof意识到……-2-[诱思导读]根据短文内容，回答下列问题1．Whataresenses?Sensesarethephysicalmeansbywhichalllivingthingssee，hear，smell，taste，andtouch.2．Howdooursenseorganswork?Whensomethingstimulatesreceptorsinasenseorgan，thereceptorssendnerveimpulsesalongsensorynervestothebrain.Yourbrainthentellsyouwhattodo.SectionⅠReading(Ⅰ)(Welcometotheunit&Reading)Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.confuseA．vt.观察；注意到；评论()2.forecastB．vt.抓紧，抓牢()3.observeC．n.轻松，宽慰()4.narrowD．vi.犹豫，迟疑不决()5.approachE．adv.牢牢地，坚定地()6.hesitateF．vi.&vt.靠近；着手处理n．靠近；方法；路径()7.graspG．vt.使糊涂，使迷惑()8.anxiousH．adj.狭窄的()9.firmlyI．adj.焦虑，忧虑()10.reliefJ．vt.&n.预测，预报[答案]1－5GJAHF6－10DBIECⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A．伸手B．轻松地，安慰C．盼望，企盼D．密切注意E．来帮助某人F．看得到，在视力范围之内1．Wehavetowatchoutforfasttrafficalonghere.2．Thelandcameinsightafterwehadsailedfortendays.3．Themonkeyreachedoutahandthroughthebarsandtookthebanana.4．Wehavehadeverythingwecanwishfor.5．Thesituationworkerssawherwasintroubleandcametoheraid.6．Thelittlegirlsmiledinreliefwhenshewastoldthatshehadpassedtheexam.-3-[答案]1－6DFACEBFogbyBillLoweFogwarning①WhenPollylefthomethatmorning，thecitywasalreadycoveredinagreymist.Atlunch，theradioforecast②thatthemist(薄雾)wouldbecomeathickfog(雾)intheafternoon．Atfouro'clock，Pollyleftworkandsteppedoutintothefog.Shewondered③ifthebuseswouldstillberunning．雾比尔·洛浓雾警报那天早晨波莉离开家时，整个城市已笼罩在灰色的薄雾中。午餐时分，广播预报说，薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。四点钟，波莉下了班，步入了浓雾中。她想知道公共汽车是否还会照常运行。[助读讲解]①when引导时间状语从句。②that引导宾语从句。③if引导宾语从句，此处的if意为“是否”。NobusestoKingStreet④Onceoutinthestreet，shewalkedquicklytowardsherusualbusstop.‘Howfarareyougoing？’thebusconductoraskedher⑤beforehetookherfare(车费)．‘KingStreet，’saidPolly.‘Sorry，Miss，’repliedtheman，‘thetruthis⑥thatitistoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar．TaketheUndergroundtoGreenPark.Theweathermightbebetterthereandyoumightbeabletogetataxi.’没有到国王街的公共汽车一来到街上，她就快步向她通常乘车的公共汽车站走去。“您要坐多远？”公共汽车售票员在收下她的车费前问道。“国王街。”波莉答道。“对不起，小姐，”售票员回答说，“现实情况是雾太浓了，公共汽车跑不了那么远。乘地铁到格林公园吧。那里的天气可能好一点儿，您也许能叫到一辆出租车。”-4-[助读讲解]④Onceoutinthestreet是省略结构，补充完整为Onceshewasoutinthestreet，在句中作状语。once在此处意为“一……就……”。⑤before引导时间状语从句。⑥that引导表语从句。从句中的“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”，thatfar＝sofar。AtallmanAsPollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain，shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.AtlastthetrainarrivedatGreenParkstation.⑦Whiletherestofthepassengersweregettingout，sheglanced(瞥一眼，匆匆看)atthefacesaroundher.Thetallmanwasnowhere(无处，到处都不)tobeseen.高个子男人当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感觉有个穿着黑色大衣的高个男人一直在看着她。地铁终于到达了格林公园站。趁其他乘客下车的时候，她扫视了一下她周围的那些面孔。哪儿也看不见那个高个子男人了。[助读讲解]⑦while引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，趁”。Footsteps⑧WhenPollygottothestationentrance，itwasempty.Outside，⑨wherevershelookedthefoglaylikeathick，greycloud.Therewasnooneinsight.PollysetofftowardsParkStreet.⑩Asshewalkedalongthenarrowstreet，sheheardthesoundoffootstepsapproaching，⑪butbythetimeshereachedthecornerofthestreet，thefootstepsweregone.SuddenlyPollyfeltaroughhandbrushhercheek，andsheheardaman'svoiceinherearsaying‘Sorry.’Themanmovedaway.Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingwithfear.脚步声当波莉到达车站入口处时，那里空无一人。外面，她目光所及之处，雾像浓密的灰云一样聚积着。一个人也看不到。波莉向公园街走去。当她沿着那条狭窄的街道走时，她听到了渐近的脚步声，但当她走到街道拐角处时，脚步声却消失了。突然，波莉感到有一只粗糙的手拂过她的脸颊，并且她还听到了一个男人在她耳边说“对不起”的声音。那个男人走开了。她能感到她的心脏因害怕而怦怦直跳。[助读讲解]⑧when引导时间状语从句。⑨wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论哪里”。⑩as引导时间状语从句，主句中用了hearsb./sth.doing结构。⑪but连接并列句，表示转折。bythetime意为“到……时”，引导时间状语从句。Thehelpfulstranger-5-Thensheheardthesoundagain—softfootstepsbehindher.Aminutebefore，shehadwishedforsomeonetocomealong.Nowshewantedtorun，butfearheldherstill.Thefootstepsseemedclosenow.Thenaman'svoicecameoutofthedarkness.‘Isanybodythere？’Pollyhesitated.Atlastsheanswered，‘Hello，IthinkI'mlost.’Afewsecondslater，ahandreachedoutandgraspedherarm.Polly⑫foundherselfstaring(盯着看)upatthefaceofanoldmanwithabeard(胡须)．‘MaybeIcanhelpyou.Whichroaddoyouwant？’heasked.‘Iliveat86KingStreet，’Pollyreplied.‘Justtakemyhand，’saidtheman.‘Comewithme.You'llbeallright.’HetookPolly'shand.‘Watchoutforthestephere.’Inhisotherhandthemancarriedastick.Pollyheardithitthe