2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题三 完形填空 3 议论文学案 新人教版

13.议论文A(2019·四川双流中学模拟)话题：知足常乐难度：★★★建议用时：17分Historybooksarefilledwithwealthypeoplewhowerepracticallypoorcomparedtome.Ihavestormwindows，1Croesus，thelastkingofLydiawhowasincrediblyrich，didnot.Theentirepopulation2beforeAlexandertheGreat，buthecouldn’tbuyunpackedcatfood.WilliamⅠ，whoconqueredEnglandsome930yearsago，3acompoundsaw(复合锯)．Givenhowmuch4Iamthansomanyfamous5people，you’dthinkI’dbecontent.However，the6isthat，likemostpeople，Icomparemywealthwith7oflivingpersons：neighbors，schoolclassmates，TVpersonalities.The8IfeeltowardmyfriendHoward’snewkitchenisnot9bythefactthatnoFrenchking10hadarefrigeratorwithglassdoors.Thereisreallynorisingorfalling11ofliving.Overthecenturiespeoplesimplyfinddifferentthingsto12about.You’dthinkthatmerelynothavingadiseasewouldputusinagood13，butno，wewantahotbathtub，too.Ofcourse，onewaytoachievehappinesswouldbeto14thatevenbycontemporarystandardsthethingsI15areprettynice.Myhouseis16thanthehousesofmanyinvestmentbankers，butevensoithasalotmoreroomsthanmywifeandIcankeep17.18topeoplelookingbackatourerafromacenturyortwointhefuture，thosebankers，fancycountertopsandmyownwornoneswillseem19shabby.Ican’t20myneighborrightnow.Butjustwait.语篇解读本文通过论述告诫人们，“知足常乐，不攀比”。1．A.asB．whileC．whenD．since答案B解析as由于；while然而；when当……时候；since既然。根据本句句意“我有防风窗，而吕底亚的最后一位非常富有的国王克里萨斯却没有。”可知，此处是并列句，前后形成鲜明对比，while“然而”符合语境。故答案为B。2．A.jumpedB．smiledC．laughedD．trembled2答案D解析jump跳跃；smile微笑；laugh大笑；tremble颤抖。根据本句句意“在亚历山大大帝面前，所有的人都战栗不已，但他却买不到没有包装的猫粮。”及but可知前后是一种转折关系，故答案为D。3．A.lackedB．possessedC．abandonedD．lost答案A解析lack缺乏；possess拥有；abandon遗弃；lose丢失。根据本句句意“930年前征服英国的威廉一世缺少一把圆锯。”并按合上文中的“didnot”和“hecouldn’tbuy”可知，填lacked。故选A。4．A.welloffB．betteroffC．worseoffD．badlyoff答案B解析welloff处境好；betteroff经济状况更好的；worseoff更糟糕的；badlyoff穷困的。根据“you’dthinkI’dbecontent”可知，作者比这么多已逝的名人经济状况更好。故选B。5．A.livingB．aliveC．deadD．deadly答案C解析living活的；alive活泼的；dead死的；deadly致命的。根据常识可知，前面提到的这些人已经死去，故选C。6．A.problemB．dangerC．pleasureD．question答案A解析problem棘手的问题，难题；danger危险；pleasure快乐；question问题。由However，可知，作者的问题是与活着的人比财富。故选A。7．A.thoseB．thisC．thatD．one答案C解析作者拿自己的财富与活着的人的财富相比较。此处用that替代不可数名词wealth，故答案为C。8．A.surpriseB．envyC．angerD．puzzle答案B解析surprise惊讶；envy嫉妒；anger生气；puzzle迷惑。作者妒忌朋友家的新厨房。故3选B。9．A.increasedB．relievedC．addedD．refused答案B解析increase增加；relieve减轻；add添加；refuse拒绝。作者并没有因为没有一个法国国王有过玻璃门冰箱这个事实而减轻了对朋友新厨房的嫉妒。故选B。10．A.everB．neverC．oftenD．sometimes答案A解析ever曾经；never从来没有；often经常；sometimes有时候。句意参考上题解析。故选A。11．A.conditionB．levelC．stoneD．standard答案D解析condition状况；level水平；stone石头；standard标准。“生活标准确实没有上升或下降。”故选D。12．A.talkB．careC．complainD．joke答案C解析talk谈话；care关心；complain抱怨；joke笑话。几个世纪以来，人们只是找到不同的事情来抱怨。complainabout“抱怨”，故选C。13．A.moodB．expressionC．stateD．status答案A解析mood情绪；expression表情；state状态；status地位。不是仅仅没有疾病就能让我们心情好。inagoodmood“有一个好心情”，故选A。14．A.suggestB．realizeC．supposeD．expect答案B解析suggest建议；realize意识到；suppose假设；expect期盼。获得幸福的一个方法就是意识到，即使以当代的标准来衡量，我拥有的东西也是相当不错的。故选B。15．A.doB．likeC．hateD．own答案D4解析do做；like喜欢；hate厌恶；own拥有。句意参考上题解析。故选D。16．A.largerB．prettierC．smallerD．uglier答案C解析larger更大；prettier更美丽；smaller更小；uglier更丑。我的房子比银行投资家的房子小，所以选C。17．A.cleanB．messyC．comfortableD．unpleasant答案A解析clean干净的；messy混乱的；comfortable舒适的；unpleasant不愉快的。但是就我有的这些房间我和我妻子也不能全都保持干净。故选A。18．A.HoweverB．BesidesC．ThereforeD．Even答案B解析however然而；besides另外；therefore所以；even甚至。此外，对于未来一两个世纪回顾我们这个时代的人来说，那些银行家们和我同样显得寒酸。故选B。19．A.especiallyB．extraordinaryC．equallyD．extremely答案C解析especially特别地；extraordinarily非凡地；equally平等地；extremely极其。句意参考上题解析。故选C。20．A.keepawayfromB．keepinwithC．keeponatD．keeppacewith答案D解析keepawayfrom远离；keepinwith不断讨好；keeponat纠缠；keeppacewith并驾齐驱。我现在不如我的邻居过得好。故选D。B(2019·河南郑州质检)话题：旅行中学会与人相处难度：★★建议用时：16分MyfatherwasborninasmalltownintheUS.Hewasn’tsurewhathewantedfrom21，butsomethingtoldhimto22andbeginanewadventure.HebeganthatadventuretravelingtocitiesintheUSbeforegoingontoAustralia，NewZealandandthePhilippines.Hetookmymotherandusthreedaughterswithhimandwentwhere5vertheroad23him.It’seasytofeel24whenyou’reontheroad.Wemadelotsofnewfriendsonourtrip—mostofthemaremechanics，sinceweoften25hoursinrepairshops.Butthatwasawaymuch26thansittingbytheroadsidewhilewaitingfortheengineto27whenitwas40℃outside.Gettingalongwellsometimesseemed28.Therewerealwaysalotof29，especiallyamongusback­seatpassengersaboutwhohadto30inthemiddle.Butevenifitwashard，welearnedalotabout31.WhenweweretravelinginthePhilippines，wedrovetoQuezonCityoneday.Itshouldhavebeenanhour’sdrivebutwasnearlythreethankstobadroadsand32traffic.“Didyouputoursuitcasesinthecar？”myfatheraskedmymotheraswearrivedthere.Fromthebackseat，wesawher33turntowardmyfather.“No，”shesaid.“Ithoughtyoudid.”Thatwashowaseven­hourcartripturnedintoa16­hourone，whichwasmostlyspentin34.Onoccasionslikethat，wehadtolearntoletgoofourangerbecausewewere35inarollingboxwiththesamepeoplefortherestofthe36.EvenifIsometimesfeltlikeopeningthecardoorand37oneofmysistersout，Ikeptmyfeelingstomyself.Thisiswhyroadtripswerelike38universitiestous.We39ourPHDs(博士学位)inhowtogetalongwithotherpeoplejustbytravelinginouroldcar.Ifwewere40givenasecondchanceatlife，wewoulddoitalloveragain.OnlythistimewouldIputthesuitcasesinthecarmyself.语篇解读作者的父亲喜欢冒险，经常带着家人去旅行，作者通过