2020版高中英语 Unit 2 Working the land Section Ⅰ Warmin

-1-SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—ComprehendingⅠ.阅读理解AFromthenation'searliestdays,farminghasplayedaveryimportantroleinAmericaneconomyandculture.Earlyinthenation'slife,farmerswereseenastypicalexamplesofeconomicqualitiessuchashard­working,honest,kind­heartedandindependent.Americanfarmersthinkanumberoffactorsleadtothesuccessoftheiragriculture:TheAmericanMidwesthassomeoftherichestsoilintheworld.Rainfallisenoughovermostareasofthecountry;eveninsomeareaswherethereisnotenoughrainfall,theriversandundergroundwatercanalsosupportthefarming.Besides,largecapitalinvestments(资本投入)andhighlytrainedfarmershavealsobeenusedtodevelopAmericanagriculture.Thefirsttwodecadesofthe20thcenturyturnedouttobethegoldenageofAmericanagriculture.Farmpriceswerehighasthedemand(需求)forgoodsincreasedandlandvaluesrose.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,thefoodproductioncontinuedtoincrease.Thegoodyearsoftheearly20thcenturyendedwithfallingpricesfollowingWorldWarⅠ.AttheendofWorldWarⅡ，thefarmeconomyfacedthechallengeofoverproduction.Duringthattime,becauseofprogressintechnology,someadvancedmachinesandchemicalsrelatedtofarmingwerewidelyused,andthatmeantproductionperhectare(公顷)washigherthanever.Today,weseeadifferentsetoffarmstryingtomeetconsumers'demandsallovertheworld.WecanseealotofchangesonAmericanagricultureovertime.In1940,therewere6millionfarmsaveraging67hectareseach.Bythelate1990s,therewereonlyabout2.2millionfarmsaveraging190hectaresinsize.Duringthesameperiod,farmemploymentdecreasedgreatly—from12.5millionin1930to1.2millioninthe1990s.Whileproductionhasdoubledoverthelast50years,thenumberoffarmshasdroppedbymorethantwo­thirds.Today,about150,000Americanfarmersproducemostofourfood.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国农业的历史及发展状况。1．WhatdidpeoplethinkoffarmersinAmerica'searlydays?-2-A．Peoplethoughtveryhighlyofthem.B．Peopledidn'tlikesomeoftheirlifestyles.C．Theydidn'tgetenoughattentionfromthesociety.D．Theywereimportantforthedevelopmentoftechnology.答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“farmerswereseenastypicalexamplesofeconomicqualitiessuchashard­working,honest,kind­heartedandindependent.”可知，在美国历史上，人们对农民的评价很高。2．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．WhyAmericanagricultureissuccessful.B．ThesocialsupportforAmericanagriculture.C．HowAmericanfarmersdeveloptheiragriculture.D．ThenaturalenvironmentforAmericanagriculture.答案与解析：A主旨大意题。通读第二段内容可知，本段主要讲述了美国农业之所以取得成功是有很多方面的原因的，并列举了一些原因。3．HowdoestheauthormainlydevelopParagraph3?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bygivingdescriptions.C．Byfollowingtheorderoftime.D．Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.答案与解析：C篇章结构题。根据第三段中的“Thefirsttwodecadesofthe20thcentury、WorldWarⅠ、AttheendofWorldWarⅡ”和Today等信息点可知，第三段是按时间顺序展开的。BNow,anancientgrainfromEthiopia,teff,isbeingsoldinsupermarketsinAmerica.TeffhasbeenanimportantpartoftheEthiopiandietforthousandsofyears.Teffisknownforitssmallgrain.Itismainlyusedtomakeflour.WayneCarlsonlearnedaboutteffwhiledoingpublichealthworkinAfricainthemid­1970s.“IcametoknowteffbecauseIwaseatingitallthetimeandhostedbytefffarmers.”Inthelate70s,CarlsonreturnedtohishomestateIdahointheU.S.,marriedandsettledinSouthwestIdaho.Thenhecameupwithanidea.WayneandhiswifeElisabetharenotfarmers,nordotheywanttobe.SotheyconvincedactualfarmersinIdaho,OregonandNevadatogrowteff.TheCarlsonsmilled(磨粉)itthemselves.However,untillastyeartherewasnotasingleEthiopianrestaurantorbakeryintheentirestateofIdahoforthemtosellthemilled-3-flourto.“ThewaywestartedwasthatWaynewentthroughtheWashington,D．C.,andlookedforthenamesthatwereEthiopianinthetelephonebook.”Overtime,theTeffCompanyhasgrownoutfourdifferentmills.TheCarlsonssaytheteffflourcomingoffthemillcouldendupinagoodnaturalfoodsstoreorcommercialbakery.“Salesofalternatives(替代品)tomodernwheat(小麦)aregrowingquicklyeachyear,”saysanindustrytradegroup.RichRosebergisafoodresearcheratOregonStateUniversity.HesaysteffproductionhasexplodedoverthepastdecadeintheU．S.HealsosaysmostteffgrownintheU．S.isfedtofarmanimals.InIdaho,however,wheretheCarlsonsarebased,Rosebergbelievesmoreoftheteffproductionisforhumanfood.Teffcontainslotsofcalcium,iron,andprotein.RosebergpraisesWayneCarlsonforbeingaheadofhistime.【语篇解读】埃塞俄比亚画眉草的种子在埃塞俄比亚被用作食物原料，现在这种农作物被引进到了美国。4．WhatdidWayneCarlsonprobablywanttodoafterreturningtoIdaho?A．Tobecomeafarmer.B．Todopublichealthwork.C．Tomillgrainsforaliving.D．TointroducetefftotheU．S.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段的“WayneandhiswifeElisabetharenotfarmers,nordotheywanttobe.SotheyconvincedactualfarmersinIdaho,OregonandNevadatogrowteff.”可推断，WayneCarlson想将这种作物引进美国。5．Whatproblemdidthecouplefaceatfirst?A．Theirmilledflourcouldn'tbesold.B．Theydidn'tknowhowtomillgrains.C．Theywerenotgoodatdoingbusiness.D．Theirworkwasn'tsupportedbyothers.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段的“However,untillastyeartherewasnotasingleEthiopianrestaurantorbakeryintheentirestateofIdahoforthemtosellthemilledflourto.”可知，他们俩所面临的问题就是他们磨的面粉卖不出去。6．WhydoesRosebergthinkWayneCarlsonisaheadofhistime?A．BecauseWayneCarlsonimprovesthetasteofteff.B．BecauseWayneCarlsonfeedstefftofarmanimals.C．BecauseWayneCarlsontriestoreducehungerworldwide.-4-D．BecauseWayneCarlsonthinksteffshouldbeusedashumanfood.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据末段的“Rosebergbelievesmoreoftheteffprod