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-1-SectionⅡGrammar——动词的常用时态课前自主预习[例句·体验]1.Hedoeshishomeworkbeforedinnereveryevening.他每天晚上晚饭前做作业。2.ThetrainforHankouleavesat8:00inthemorning.开往汉口的列车早上8点发车。3.Listen!Someoneisplayingthepiano.听!有人在弹钢琴。4.SheisleavingforLondontomorrow.她明天去伦敦。5.Shehastaughtintheschoolfortenyears.她在这所学校教书已经10年了。6.Ihaven'teatenanythingsincebreakfast.我从早饭起就一直没有吃东西。7.Theyaregoingtomovetoanewhousenextweek.下星期他们将迁入新居。8.Whatshallwedoifhedoesn'tcome?如果他不来,我们该怎么办?课堂合作探究[语法·讲座]一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时-2-时态是表示谓语动作时间概念的动词形式。英语中的时态专指谓语动词,不同时间概念的谓语动作有不同的时态。英语中不同时间发生的动作,要用不同形式的动词来表示。另外,谓语动词若与主语之间是主动关系,我们就用主动语态,若为被动关系,就用被动语态。首先看本模块涉及的四种时态的形式。(以ask为例)时态主动被动一般现在时ask/asksis/am/areasked现在进行时is/am/areaskingis/am/arebeingasked现在完成时have/hasaskedhave/hasbeenasked一般将来时will/begoingtoaskwill/begoingtobeasked一、一般现在时1.表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually,always,seldom,sometimes,often,everyday,onSundays等时间状语连用。①Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.我经常走着去上学。②Theyplayfootballafterschooleveryafternoon.他们每天下午放学后踢足球。2.表示主语的特征、状态、能力、性格等。③Thisjobcallsforgreatpatience.这份工作需要极大的耐心。④Sheisalwaysreadytohelpus.-3-她总是乐于帮助我们。3.表现客观事实、普遍真理或名言警句等。此用法即使出现在表示过去时间的语境中,也要用一般现在时。⑤Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声音传播得快。⑥Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.(谚)行动胜于空谈。⑦Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.日出东方,日落西山。4.在由when,if,after,before,assoonas,evenif,incase,though,till,until,unless,so/aslongas等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,一般现在时可以用来表示将来。⑧Solongasyouworkhard,you'llsurelysucceed.只要努力,你一定会成功。5.表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的情况。但这只限于少数动词,如begin,come,go,leave,sail,start,arrive,return,end,stop,depart,open,close等。⑨Theplanetakesoffat11am.飞机在上午11点起飞。6.在see(toit),makesure,makecertain等后面的that从句中可用一般现在时表示将来概念。⑩Makesurethatwindowsareclosedbeforeyouleave.确保在你离开前把窗子关好。二、现在进行时-4-三、现在完成时1.表示过去发生的事情或动作对现在产生的影响或结果,着眼点在现在。①Wehaveboughtacomputer.我们买了一台电脑。(含义是现在已有电脑了)2.表示从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并可能延续下去的动作,常与sofar,uptonow,tillnow以及for,since引导的时间状语连用。②HehaslivedinChinaforfiveyears.他在中国生活了五年了。3.在“it/thisisthefirst/second.../lasttime+that从句”这一句型中,从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。③Thisisthefirsttime(that)hehastakenpartintheOlympicGames.这是他第一次参加奥运会。4.现在完成时不与lastweek/month/year,inthepast连用,但可与“inthepast/last+一段时间”连用。④Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthevillageinthepast/lasttwoyears.-5-在过去的两年中这个村子发生了很大的变化。名师点津某些非延续性动词,在现在完成时中,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:他已经死了三年了。It'sthreeyearssincehedied.=Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.不能说Hehasdiedforthreeyears.四、一般将来时1.表示将要发生的动作或情况,有时暗含偶然性或临时决定做某事。①Whenshallwehaveagettogether?我们什么时候聚会?(将要发生的动作)②—Tomwasinjuredbadlyintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh,Ididn'tknow.Iwillseehimafterwork.(临时决定)——汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。——噢,我不知道。我下班后去看他。2.表示习惯性动作或未来的倾向。③Whereverhegoes,hewilltakeanumbrellawithhim.无论到哪儿,他总是带着一把伞。3.表示将要发生的动作,除了用willdo的形式外,还有其他一些形式。(1)begoing+动词不定式(表示打算、准备做某事或某种迹象表明即将发生或肯定要发生某事)④Lookatthoseclouds!Itisgoingtorain.看那些乌云,天快下雨了。(根据clouds这种迹象表明即将下雨)⑤IamgoingtoleaveforPariswithmyclassmatesnextweek.我打算下周和我的同学去巴黎。(表示打算)(2)beabout+动词不定式(表示正要发生的事情)⑥Thetrainisabouttoleave.火车正要离开。名师点津1beaboutto不与表示将来的时间状语连用。(3)be+动词不定式(表示按日程安排将要发生的动作)⑦Thereistobeatestinthefifthweek.在第五周将有一个测试。名师点津2(1)用一般现在时可表示按时间表、规定、计划或安排要发生的将来的情况。-6-(2)go,come,begin,leave等动词用现在进行时可以表示将来。[课堂·总结演练]Ⅰ单句语法填空1.Shakespeare'splayHamlet________(make)intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.答案:hasbeenmade2.—HaveyouseenmyemailaboutourTESLproject?—Yes.Luckily,Icheckedmyemailsyesterday.Normally,I________(notopen)myemailboxfordays.答案:don'topen3.—Haveyoueverbeentoourtownbefore?—No,it'sthefirsttimeI________(come)here.答案:havecome4.Mydictionaryismissing.Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill________(notfind)it.答案:haven'tfound5.It'seighto'clock.Thestudents________(have)anEnglishclass.答案:arehaving6.—HowaboutbuyingSamamobilephone?Afterall,heisn'taboyanymore.—Ithinkitnecessary,forwesometimeswanttomakesureifhe________(come)homefordinner.答案:willcome7.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoneymakingjobsthey________(promise)beforeleavingtheirhometowns.答案:havebeenpromised8.Thecoffeeiswonderful!Itdoesn'ttastelikeanythingI________(have)before.答案:havehad9.Millionsofpounds'worthofdamage________(cause)byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.答案:hasbeencaused10.I________(do)allthecookingformyfamily,butrecentlyI'vebeentoobusytodoit.答案:do-7-Ⅱ单句改错1.Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindachangethere._________________________________________________________________答案:find→found2.ButonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank,Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether._________________________________________________________________答案:goes→went3.Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentstopickthefreshvegetables!_________________________________________________________________答案:came→comes4.Irealizehowfasttimeflies.Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,butalsomentallyinthepastfewyears._________________________________________________________________答案:had→have5.Ididn'trealizehowimportantmyfriendsareuntilIlostthem._________________________________________________________________答案:are→wereⅢ单句写作1.Iwilltellhim________________________(明天他来的时候).答案:whenhecomestomorrow2.________________________(会议开始)at7:00intheafternoon.答案:Themeetingbegins3
本文标题:2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 1 British and American Engl
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