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一、一般疑问句一般疑问句也可称为“yes/noquestions”,因这种问句通常用yes/no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分?如:AreyoufromJapan?YesIam./NoI'mnot.Ishersisterdoingherhomeworknow?Yessheis./Nosheisn't.Doesheworkinabank?Yeshedoes./Nohedoesn't.Doyoulivenearyourschool?YesIdo./NoIdon't.CanyouspeakFrench?YesIcan./NoIcan't.MayIgohomenow?Yesyoumay./Noyoumustn't.注意:1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be动词(amisare…)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:I'minClass2Grade1.→AreyouinClass2Grade1?We'rewatchingTV.→AreyouwatchingTV?2.陈述句中有情态动词(canmaymust…)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:Hecanswimnow.→Canheswimnow?Thechildrenmaycomewithus.→Maythechildrencomewithus?3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:Iliketheseanimals.→Doyouliketheseanimals?Shewantstogotothemovies.→Doesshewanttogotothemovies?4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或no回答。如:Aretheyintownnow?Ithinkso.MayIsithere?Certainly.Doeshelikesoccer?SorryIdon'tknow.二、特殊疑问句以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:whatwhowhosewhichwhenwherehowwhy等。特殊疑问句有两种语序:1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:whoissingingintheroom?whosebikeisbroken?2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序?如:whatclassareyouin?Whatdoesshelooklike?Whereareyoufrom?Whattimedoeshegetupeverymorning?Howdoyouknow?注意:1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes/no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:WhoisfromCanada?Helen(is).Where'stherestaurant?Nearthestation.Whydoyoulikekoalas?Becausetheyarecute.2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。
本文标题:英语疑问句的结构
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