sls音箱线阵厂方培训

PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011RBA-1线阵列扬声器原理[e-mail]线阵列是一种扬声器单元的阵列方式，它可以对声音进行良好的控制，并在产生反馈之前提供适当的增益。LineArrayshavebeenrecognizedasaloudspeakerdesignthatcanprovideexcellentcontrolandgainbeforefeedback.PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011为了合理得当地使用线阵列扬声器，设计者必须明确扬声器设计和操作的一些基本原理。ToproperlyuseLineArrays,thedesignermustunderstandsomebasicprincipalsofloudspeakerdesignandoperation.PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011为了合理得当地使用线阵列扬声器，设计者必须明确扬声器设计和操作的一些基本原理。ToproperlyuseLineArrays,thedesignermustunderstandsomebasicprincipalsofloudspeakerdesignandoperation.PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011线阵列扬声器LineArraysPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011早期的线阵列扬声器EarlyLineArrayPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011标准的扬声器结构StandardLoudspeakerConstructionPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011标准的扬声器是点声源StandardLoudspeakersarePOINTSOURCEdevices标准的扬声器结构StandardLoudspeakerConstructionPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011点声源的声学特性POINTSOURCEcharacteristics球面波辐射SphericalwavepropagationSpherical=球状声波传播以三维的方式进行Wavesspreadin3dimensions标准的扬声器结构StandardLoudspeakerConstructionPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011球面波的辐射特性SphericalWavePropagationPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011点声源的声学特性POINTSOURCEcharacteristics声波以三维的方传播Wavesspreadin3dimensions当距离增加一倍时，因为距离产生的损耗=-6dBLossoverDistance=-6dBperdoublingofdistance这就是所谓的平方反比定律KnowastheInverseSquareLaw•损耗dB=20*LOG[Dft/3.28]•LossdB=20*LOG[Dft/3.28]标准的扬声器结构StandardLoudspeakerConstructionPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011数学的基本原理TheMathematicFundamentals理论上的点声源：Atheoreticalpointsource:2X半径R=4X面积2XtheradiusR=4Xthearea4X面积=¼能量,或6dB声压级损失4Xthearea=¼power,ora6dBlossoflevel因此，平方反比定律为：距离每增加一倍损失6dBThustheinverse-squarelaw:6dBperdoublingofdistanceCourtesyofUlyssesLineArrayResearchPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011平方反比定律InverseSquareLaw普通系统ConventionalSystems标准的扬声器结构StandardLoudspeakerConstruction普通系统声压级以dB计ConventionalSystemSPLindB100941248测量点MeasurementPoints8288PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011线阵列的特性LineArrayCharacteristics柱面波辐射Cylindricalwavepropagation柱体Cylinder=纵向的Straitforwardprojection声波以二维的方式传播Wavesspreadinonly2dimensions线阵列利用声波干涉原理（增强或减弱）来限制声波的辐射角度LineArraysusethephysicsofinterferenceeffects(summationandcancellation)torestrictwavespreadingPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011线阵列LineArray柱面波cylindricalwavePrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011线阵列的特性LineArrayCharacteristics柱面波辐射Cylindricalwavepropagation当距离每增加一倍时，距离所造成的损耗=-3dBLessLossoverDistance=-3dBperdoublingofdistance只适用于近场NearFieldonlyPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011数学的基本原理TheMathematicFundamentals理论上的无限线声源Atheoreticalinfiniteline-source:2X半径R=2X面积2XtheradiusR=2Xthearea2X面积=½能量,或3dB的声压级损失2Xthearea=½power,ora3dBlossoflevel因此，无限点声源在距离增加一倍时，只损耗3dBThusinfinitelinesourceslooseonly3dBperdoublingofdistanceCourtesyofUlyssesLineArrayResearchPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011平方反比定律InverseSquareLaw线阵列系统LineArraySystems线阵列系统声压级以dB计LineArraySystemSPLindB测量点MeasurementPoints1248100979491PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011线阵列系统声压级以dB计LineArraySystemSPLindB1248100979491普通系统声级以dB计ConventionalSystemSPLindB100888294平方反比定律InverseSquareLaw比较ComparisonPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011线阵列的特征LineArrayCharacteristics距离每增加一倍，距离引起的损耗=-3dBLessLossoverDistance=-3dBperdoublingofdistance只适用于近场NearFieldonly一个设计者如何决定线阵列的近场或远端场呢？HowdoesadesignerdeterminetheNearFieldorFarFieldofaLineArray?PrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011例：Example线阵列Linearray=4m高4mtall近场（D）NearField(D)=25米25meters近场NEARField-3dBSPL损耗-3dBSPLloss远场FARField-6dBSPL损耗-6dBSPLlossD=L2f/636近场/远场的概念NearField/FarFieldConceptPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011•所有有限线声源在一定距离后会转变为点声源•Allfiniteline-sourcestransitionintopoint-sourcesatsomedistance•我们把这个转变距离称作该线声源的临界距离•Wewillcallthecenterofthistransitionareaalinesource’sCriticalDistance•这是因为在远距离的听众看来，声源更像是一个点而不是线•Thisisbecausethesizeofthesource,fromtheperspectiveofthedistantlistener,ismoresimilartoapointthanaline数学的基本原理TheMathematicFundamentalsPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011Fresnelvs.Fraunhofer近场和远场的比较near-fieldvs.far-field数学的基本原理TheMathematicFundamentalsPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd.February2011基本线阵列扬声器频率耦合的几何学BasicLineArrayGeometryforFrequencyCouplingPrinciplesofLineArraysHighWingIntegratedTechnologyLtd