广州版九年级语法总汇

广州版九年级语法总汇精讲精练Step1U1单元重点语法—定语从句1、关系代词who，whom,whose，which，that引导的定语从句。2、关系副词where，when,why引导的定语从句。【课文引例】However,someteachersbelievethatchildrenwhowatchtoomuchTVcommercialscaremoreaboutmoneyandowningthing.但是有些老师相信看太多商业广告的孩子会更加关注钱财，关注占有物品。【知识点拨】whowatchtoomanyTVcommercials是定语从句，先行词是children，who在句子中作主语【实战分析】ThemanwhospokeatthemeetingisLiMing’sfather.在会议上发言的那个人是李明的父亲。下面对定语从句进行详细讲解。定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who，whom,whose，which，that。关系副词有：where，when,why。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。1、关系代词引导的定语从句1）who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?（who/that在从句中作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）【能力测试】①Theman_____isstandingatthegateisLiMing’sfather.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom②Theboy____youmetjustnowismybestfriend.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom③Thepolicemancaughtthethief______stolethewoman’shandbag.A.whereB.whoseC.that2)Whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换),例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.【能力测试】①Thebook______coverisyellowismine.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom②Theboy______homeisneartheschoolwalkstoschooleveryday.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.whom③CanIborrowyourpen_______colorisblack?A.whoB.whomC.thatD.ofwhich3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.（which/that在句中作宾语）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.(which/that在句中作宾语)关系代词that和which都可以指物，that和Who都可以指人，其用法区别：1）在以下情况下适用which,而不用that。a)在引导非限定性定语从句时(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.试改正______________________________________________b)介词后不能用请选出正确的句子。Wedependonthelandfromthatwegetourfood.[]Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood..[]2)只能用that而不能用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况。a)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.b)先行词有theonly,thevery,thejust修饰时，只用that。Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.c)先行词为序数词(thelast)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”byMarkTwin.d)先行词既有人，又有物时。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.e)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，用that以避免重复。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate.【能力测试】①Hetalkedabouttheclassmatesandtheschool____hehadvisited.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.aboutwhich②Weshoulddoall____isusefultopeople.A./B.thatC.itD.which③Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it④Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when⑤Wecametoaplaceto____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who2、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词when,where,why是表示时间、地点、方式的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when表示时间，在定语从句中做时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如：time,hour,day,week,month,year等。例如：Doyourememberthosedayswhenweworkedtogether?2）where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如：place,room,house,school,country等。例如：Yesterdaywevisitedthefactorywheremyfatherworks.3）why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的一个词，reason.例如：Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslateyesterday?【小提示】如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则不能再用when和where，而要用which或that。例如：Icanrememberthatdaywhich/thatwespentonthefarm.Theschoolthatwestudyisverybeautiful.【能力测试】①Ineverforgetthetime______wespentonthefarm.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which②Thisisthemuseum_______wevisitedlastyear.A.thatB.whyC.whenD.where③Thehouse_____heboughtisveryexpensive.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which④Istillrememberthetime_____weworkedtogether.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which⑤Lastweekwevisitedtheschool____myfriendworks.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which⑥Idon’tknowthereason____shewasangry.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.whichStep2U2单元重点语法----简单句简单句的类型一简单句只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时有并列主语或并列谓语动词）叫做简单句。二简单句的基本句型。1.主语+不及物动词(S+V)Thetimepassedquickly.2.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)Wehaveplantedalotoftreesinourhometown.3.主语+系动词+表语(S+V+C)Computersareusefulinpeople’slife.4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)MissWangtoldmenottobediscouraged.1.S+VThetrainarrived.Thelittleboycried.这一句型的动词多为不及物动词。常见的有：appear出现，arrive到达，come来，disappear消失，fall落下，lie说谎，rain下雨，sleep睡眠等。练习（一）主语+不及物动词(S+V)1.他昨天早上起床很晚。________________________________________________________2.那天晚上我们谈了很多。________________________________________________________3.会议将持续两个小时。________________________________________________________4.1919年，在北京爆发了“五四”运动.(theMayFourthMovement)_________________________________________________________5.这个盒子重五斤。(kilo)_________________________________________________________6.五年前我住在北京。_________________________________________________________7.在过去十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。_________________________________________________________2.S+V+OWestudyEnglish.Heenjoysplayingtennis.练习（二）主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)1.昨晚我写了一封信。__________________________________________________________2.我父亲能流利地说英语。fluently__________________________________________________________3.你介意我开窗户吗？_________________________________________________________