论文-展亮亮-v4

学号：09428327常州大学毕业论文（2013届）题目石墨烯载钴复合物的结构与电化学性能研究学生展亮亮学院石油化工专业班级应化093校内指导教师曹剑瑜专业技术职务副教授校外指导老师专业技术职务二○一三年五月常州大学本科生毕业论文I石墨烯载Co复合物的结构与电化学性能研究摘要：石墨烯是2004年发现的炭材料家族中的新成员,具有独特的物理性质和广阔的应用前景。石墨烯是由单层碳原子紧密堆积成的二维蜂窝状结构,不仅具有优异的电学、热学和力学性质，同时还具有极大的比表面积，是理想的电极材料和载体材料。本论文通过高温牺牲模板法制备了具有高循环稳定性的石墨烯载钴复合物，通过XRD表征材料的结构，采用充放电、循环伏安等电化学方法评价了复合物的电化学性能，并考察了制备条件和热处理方式等对复合物性能的影响。关键词：石墨烯；复合物；电化学性能；制备常州大学本科生毕业论文IIThestructureandelectrochemicalperformanceofCo/GraphenecompositesAbstract:Graphenewhichwasfoundin2004isanewmemberofthefamilyofcarbonmaterials,andhasauniquephysicalpropertiesandwideapplicationprospects.Grapheneisacarbonmaterialoftwo-dimensionalcellularstructure,whichnotonlyhasexcellentelectrical,thermalandmechanicalproperties,butalsohasahugespecificsurfacearea.Therefore,itisanidealelectrodematerialandsupportmaterial.Inthisthesis,Co/Graphenecompositesofhighcyclestabilityweresynthesizedbyhigh-temperaturesacrificetemplatemethod.ThestructureofCo/GraphenecompositeswascharacterizedbyX-raypowderdiffractionandBETpore-sizedistribution.Furthermore,theirelectrochemicalperformanceswereevaluatedbythecharge-dischargetestandcyclicvoltammetry(CV).ThepreparationconditionsandheattreatmentofCo/Graphenecompositeswasalsoinvestigated.Keywords:Graphene;Composites;Electrochemicalperformance;Synthesize常州大学本科生毕业论文III目次摘要.............................................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................................II目次...........................................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1引言........................................................................................................................................11.1石墨烯.................................................................................................................................11.1.1石墨烯的结构..................................................................................................................21.1.2石墨烯的制备..................................................................................................................21.1.3石墨烯在电化学领域的应用..........................................................................................31.2超级电容器..........................................................................................................................61.2.1超级电容器的原理..........................................................................................................61.2.2超级电容器的性能特点..................................................................................................61.2.3超级电容器的分类..........................................................................................................71.3本论文的研究内容..............................................................................................................92实验部分..............................................................................................................................102.1仪器与试剂.......................................................................................................................102.2实验步骤...........................................................................................................................112.2.1石墨烯载钴复合物的制备............................................................................................112.2.2超级电容器电极材料的制备........................................................................................122.2.3对复合材料的处理.........................................................................................................122.3物理性能的表征方法.......................................................................................................122.3.1XRD表征.......................................................................................................................122.3.2BET比表面积和孔径分布测试....................................................................................132.4电化学性能测试...............................................................................................................133实验数据..............................................................................................................................134结论......................................................................................................................................21参考文献............................................................................................................................22致谢........................................................................................................................................25常州大学本科生毕业论文第1页共25页1引言1.1石墨烯1.1.1石墨烯的结构石墨烯是单层的碳原子紧密堆积成的二维蜂窝状结构,是构成其它维度碳材料的基本结构单元[1]。其特殊的二维结构，使其具有半整数的量子霍尔效应、从不消失的电导率和完美的量子隧道效应等一些特殊的性质[2]。石墨烯是构成其它维度碳材料(如：零维富勒烯、三维石墨、一维纳米碳管)的基本单元，可翘曲成零维的富勒烯C60，卷曲成一维的碳纳米管，堆垛成三维的石墨。如图1.1所示：图1.1单层石墨烯及其派生衍生物示意图结构完整的石墨烯只包括六角元胞(等角六边形，图1.2)，是由不含不稳定键的苯六元环组合而成的二