电子教案Unit1

Unit1ComputerBasics【教学目的】○LearnabouttheEnglishtermsofthebasicphysicalportionofthecomputer,includingCPU,monitor,motherboard,memory,RAM,ROM,mouse,keyboard,disk,USBandI/Oport○Improvethestudents’abilitytounderstandthelonganddifficultsentencesinthetext.○Masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext.○consolidatethetechnicaltermsandimportantprofessionalphrasesbydoingexercises.【教学重点难点】○Importanttechnicalterms:printedcircuitboard(印刷电路板),systembuses(系统总线),memorymodules(内存模块),plug-incards(即插即用卡),daughterboard(子板),peripheraldevice(外围设备),binarynumbersystem(二进制系统),rationalnumber(有理数),randomaccessmemory(随机存取存储器),read-onlymemory(只读存储器),diskdrive(磁盘驱动器),removabledisk(可移动磁盘),serialport(串口类型),parallelport(并口)○Abbreviation:CPU,RAM(FPM,EDO,SDRAM,DDR),ROM,USB,SCSI;○Difficultsentences:1.Itisequippedwithsocketstowhichallprocessors,memorymodules,plug-incards,daughterboards,orperipheraldevicesareconnected.2....byutilizingthebinarynumbersystemitispossibletoproducearbitraryrationalnumbersandthroughcleverformattingallmannerofrepresentationsofpictures,sounds,andanimations.3.Adatastoragedeviceforwhichtheorderofaccesstodifferentlocationsdoesnotaffectthespeedofaccess,exceptforbursts.4.Notethoughthattherearedifferentcompetingformatusedforfloppies,sothatafloppywrittenbyonetypeofcomputermightnotdirectlyworkonanother,alsosometimescalled“diskette”.○ReviewtheimportantpointsofessentialEnglishresponsibleforbeequippedwithbeidenticaltobesimilartoinconjunctionwithNotethoughthatbecapableofdoingsth.【教学步骤】StepOneReadandexplainTextAtothestudentsandaskthestudentstokeepinmindthefollowingprofessionalterms:1)printedcircuitboard(印刷电路板)BuyPrintedCircuitBoardAssembly(PCB)购买印刷电路板Wearelookingforsupplierinprintedcircuitboardassembly.我们正寻求印刷电路板的供应商。2)systembus(系统总线)busthatconnectstheCPUtomainmemoryonthemotherboard.把CPU与母板上主存连接起来的总线Thesystembusisalsocalledthefrontsidebus,memorybus,localbus,orhostbus.系统总线也叫做前端总线（略作FSB）。3)memorymodule(内存模块，存储器模数)MemoryModulePicture20072007年的内存模块照片ThisarticleisanupdateofallthelatestmemorymodulefoundinthelatestIntelPentium.最新的Intel奔腾内存模块的更新文章4)plug-incards(即插即用卡)cf.plug-ins（插件）：Asoftwareplug-inisanadd-onforaprogramthataddsfunctionalitytoit.软件插件是一个给程序添加功能的附加软件。cf.Plugandplay即插即用PlugandPlay,sometimes,abbreviatedPnP,isacatchyphraseusedtodescribedevicesthatworkwithacomputersystemassoonastheyareconnected.Theuserdoesnothavetomanuallyinstalldriversforthedeviceoreventellthecomputerthatanewdevicehasbeenadded.Insteadthecomputerautomaticallyrecognizesthedevice,loadsnewdriversforthehardwareifneeded,andbeginstoworkwiththenewlyconnecteddevice.Forexample,ifyouconnectaPlug-and-PlaymousetotheUSBportonyourcomputer,itwillbegintoworkwithinafewsecondsofbeingpluggedin.Anonplug-and-playdevicewouldrequireyoutogothroughseveralstepsofinstallingdriversandsettingupthedevicebeforeitwouldwork.WhilePlugandPlayusuallyreferstocomputerperipheraldevices,suchaskeyboardsandmice,itcanalsobeusedtodescribeinternalhardware.Forexample,avideocardorharddrivemaybeaPlugandPlaydevice,meaningthecomputerwillrecognizeitassoonasitisinstalled.Theonlydifferenceisthatinternalcomponentsusuallyrequirethecomputertobeturnedoffwhentheyareinstalled,whileexternaldevicescantypicallybeinstalledwhilethecomputerisrunning.5)daughterboard(子板)Smallprintedcircuitboardthatplugsintoamotherboardtogiveitnewcapabilities接入母板的小的印刷电路板，以增添新的功能。6)peripheraldevice(外围设备)Whataresomeexamplesofcomputerperipheraldevices?Answer:Acomputerperipheral,orperipheraldevice,isanexternalobjectthatprovidesinputandoutputforthecomputer.Somecommoninputdevicesinclude:keyboard,mouse,joystick,pentablet,MIDIkeyboard(musicalinstrumentdigitalinterface数码音响),scanner,digitalcamera,videocamera,microphone.Somecommonoutputdevicesinclude:monitor,projector,TVscreen,printer,plotter,speakers.Therearealsodevicesthatfunctionasbothinputandoutputdevices,suchas:externalharddrives,mediacardreaders,digitalcamcorders,digitalmixers,MIDIequipment.Whilethesearesomeofthemorecommonperipherals,therearemanyotherkindsaswell.Justrememberthatanyexternaldevicethatprovidesinputtothecomputerorreceivesoutputfromthecomputerisconsideredaperipheral.7)binarynumbersystem(二进制系统)Binaryisatwo-digit(Base-2)numericalsystem,whichcomputersusetostoredataandcomputefunctions.Thereasoncomputersusethebinarysystemisbecausedigitalswitchesinsidethecomputercanonlybesettoeitheronoroff,whicharerepresentedbya1or0.Thoughthebinarysystemconsistsofonlyonesandzeros,thetwodigitscanbeusedtorepresentanynumber.Forexample:Asingle0inbinaryrepresentszero.Asingle1represents(2^0)or1.10represents(2^1)or2.11represents(2^1+2^0)or3.100represents(2^2)or4.101represents(2^2+2^0)or5.110represents(2^2+2^1)or6.111represents(2^2+2^1+2^0)or7.1000represents(2^3)or8,andsoon.8)rationalnumbers(有理数)Arationalnumberisanumberthatcanbeexpressedasafractionorratio(rational).Thenumeratorandthedenominatorofthefractionarebothintegers.Whenthefractionisdividedout,itbecomesaterminatingorrepeatingdecimal.(Therepeatingdecimalportionmaybeonenumberorabillionnumbers.)Cf.Anirrationalnumber（无理数）cannotbeexpressedasafraction.Irrati