基于单片机的交通信号灯模拟控制系统的设计

本科毕业设计(论文)题目：基于单片机的交通信号灯模拟控制系统的设计教学单位：专业：学号：姓名：指导教师：2011年5月I基于单片机的交通信号灯模拟控制系统的设计摘要本系统由单片机系统、键盘、LED显示、交通灯演示系统组成。系统包括人行道、左转、右转、以及基本的交通灯的功能。系统除基本交通灯功能外，还具有倒计时、时间设置、分时段调整信号灯的点亮时间以及根据具体情况手动控制等功能。随着社会经济的发展，城市交通问题越来越引起人们的关注。人、车、路三者关系的协调，已成为交通管理部门需要解决的重要问题之一。城市交通控制系统是用于城市交通数据监测、交通信号灯控制与交通疏导的计算机综合管理系统，它是现代城市交通监控指挥系统中最重要的组成部分。系统采用8051单片机和可编程串行I/O接口芯片74LS164为中心器件来设计交通灯控制器，实现了能根据实际情况通过8051芯片的P1口设置红、绿、黄灯燃亮时间的功能；红绿黄灯循环点亮，倒计时剩5秒时黄灯闪烁警示（交通灯信号通过RXD,TXD连接两个74LS164上，显示时间直接通过两个74LS164输出至双位数码管）；当有紧急情况时，可以通过手动按钮强制四个方向全亮红灯，禁止一切车辆通行。情况解除后自动回到原位。本系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展功能强。关键词：8051单片机；LED数码管；倒计时显示IIBasedonSCMtrafficlightssimulationcontrolsystemdesignABSTRACTThissystemconsistsˎ̥SCMsystem,keyboard,LEDdisplay,trafficlightsdemonstrationsystemcomponent.Systemincludingsidewalks,turnleft,turnright,andbasicfunctionsofthetrafficlights.Systembesidesbasictrafficlightsfunctionoutside,stillhavethecountdown,timesetting,adjustthelightsignalindifferentperiodoftimeandaccordingtothespecificcircumstancesofmanualcontroletc.Function.Withthedevelopmentofsocialeconomy,urbantrafficproblemsandcausetheattentionofpeople.People,vehiclesandroadrelationshipcoordination,hasbecomethetransportationmanagementdepartmentneedstosolveoneoftheimportantproblems.Urbantrafficcontrolsystemisdesignedforurbantrafficdatamonitoring,trafficlightcontrolandtrafficpersuationcomputerintegratedmanagementsystem,itisthemodernurbantrafficcontrolcommandsystem,themostimportantpart.Systemadoptsthe8051single-chipmicrocomputerandprogrammableserialI/Ointerfacechip74LS164asthecenterdevicetodesigningtrafficlightcontroller,realizingcanaccordingtotheactualsituationoftheP1mouthbythe8051chipsetred,green,yellowlightsburningtimefunction;Red,green,yellowlightcyclelighted,countdownwith5seconds(yellowlightsflashingwarninglightssignalthroughTXDconnectingtwo74LS164,RXD,showsthetimebytwo74LS164directlyoutputtothetwo-seatdigitaltube);Whenthereisanemergencysituationbymanualbutton,canallcompulsoryfourdirectionsredlight,bannedallthetraffic.Uponterminationofautomaticbacktoinsitusituation.Thissystempractical,simpleoperation,functionexpansionisstrong.Keywords:the8051single-chipmicrocomputer;LEDdigitaltube;Countdownshow目录第1章绪论......................................................................................................................11.1研究背景.................................................................................................................................11.2研究内容...............................................................................................................................2第2章单片机的概述与接口扩展....................................................................................32.1单片机的选择..........................................................................................................................32.1.1多功能.........................................................................................................................32.1.2高效率和高性能.........................................................................................................42.1.4低价格.......................................................................................................................42.28051单片机内部结构............................................................................................................52.28051单片机的引脚定义及功能............................................................................................62.3、I/O接口的简单扩展..........................................................................................................10第3章交通信号灯的选择方案......................................................................................103.1整体设计思想.......................................................................................................................104.2总体设计选择.......................................................................................................................114.2.1电源提供方案...........................................................................................................114.2.2显示界面方案...........................................................................................................114.2.3输入方案...................................................................................................................114.3系统总体方案总结...............................................................................................................12第4章十字路口交通灯的设计......................................................................................124.1交通灯设计...........................................................................................................................124.2主程序流程图.......................................................................................................................14图4.3............................................................................................................................................144.3LED显示电路........................................................................................................................154.4、晶