第七旅游要素

363()Vol.36,No.320095JournalofSichuanNormalUniversity(SocialSciencesEdition)May,2009涂绪谋(,610068):旅游既是人类的基本活动之一,也是高层次的消费活动传统观点认为:旅游活动的过程就是旅行者吃住行游购娱各环节上发生各种关系的过程随着社会生产力的日益发展,人们对旅游物质需求和精神需求的层次在不断地提高旅游六要素只涵括了人们参与旅游的基本的物质需求,却忽略了人们参与旅游的精神需求其实,人们更在乎旅游所能带来的精神享受,即思的享受在整个旅游的产生和发展过程中,思是不可缺少的,对旅游六要素起着主导作用,是旅游经济可持续发展的内在动力因此,笔者认为,应将思列为旅游的第七个基本要素:旅游要素;出游动机;旅游六要素说;旅游第七要素思:F590:A:10005315(2009)03010706:20081110:(1965!),,,,,,(),,,,,!!!,:,30,:(1978!1984)1980,,[1]101,[1]101,,,:(1985!1990)1985,∀#,[2]11,,,,,∀#∀#,[3]:(1991)1991,∀#,[4]107,,,,107,,,,,,:1841,100,,,,,(),,,,,,,,20085.12,,40,30%!40%[5],,,,,,,,,,,,,[6]23,,,,,,,,???,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,108(),,,:,65%;27%[7],(),,,2002,[8];2004,()()()[9]2005,,,,:[10]2006,,[3]2007,,[11],2004,∀#,,[12];2004,,[13],,,,,,,:()∀#,,∀∃#,,,∀#,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,()(D.Nash),,,[14];,[15],,,,,,Lew,[16];Lawton,[17];Gunn,,,,[18],,,,,,109,(VFR)1990,1995JournalofTourismStudies∀#,1996(VFRTourism:IssuesandImplications),,,,,,,,,,,(),∀#:;,:[19]32,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,1990,,,,,,,,,:,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,110(),,,,,,()(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,[6]56,,,,,,,∀#,,,[20]18,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,111,2006~2008,,,,,87%,,,,,,,,,,:[1].[M].:,1983.[2].[M].:,1985.[3].[J].,2006,(4):1822.[4].[M].:,1991.[5]=45.[6].[M].:,2002.[7].!!!2006[EB/OL].=96333801.[8].![J].,2002,(6):86.[9].!2004[EB/OL].[10].[J].,2005,(6):132.[11],.!!![J].,2007,(5):81.[12].[EB/OL].=2909.[13].:[EB/OL].=6806.[14]NASHD,TourismasanAnthropologicalSubject[J].CurrentAnthropology,1981,22(5):461481.[15]NASH,D.&SMITHVL.AnthropologyandTourism[J].AnnalsofTourismResearch,1991,(18):1225.[16]Lew,A.A.Aframeworkoftouristattractionresearch[J].AnnalsofTourismResearch,1987,14(3):553575.[17]L.J.Lawton.ResidentperceptionsoftouristattractionsontheGoldcoastofAustralia[J].JournalofTravelResearch,2005,44(2):188200.[18]Gunn,C.Vacationscape:DesigningTouristRegions(2rded.)[M].NewYork:VanNostrandReinhold,1988.[19].[M].:,2003.[20].[M].:,2001.[责任编辑:凌兴珍]112()