中国传统文化词汇诗词翻译

一．中国古代传统文化翻译1.传统词汇刺绣：embroidery剪纸：PaperCutting书法：Calligraphy对联：(SpringFestival)Couplets象形文字：Pictograms/PictographicCharacters人才流动：BrainDrain/BrainFlow四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle战国：WarringStates风水：Fengshui/GeomanticOmen铁饭碗：IronBowl/well-paidjob集体舞：GroupDance红白喜事：WeddingsandFunerals中秋节：Mid-AutumnDay结婚证：MarriageCertificate儒家文化：ConfucianCulture附属学校：Affiliatedschool元宵：Tangyuan/SweetRiceDumpling一国两制：OneCountry,TwoSystems火锅：HotPot《诗经》：TheBookofSongs素质教育：Essential-qualities-orientedEducation《史记》：HistoricalRecords/RecordsoftheGrandHistorian大跃进：GreatLeapForward(Movement)除夕：ChineseNewYear’sEve/EveoftheSpringFestival中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-characteredSocialist/SocialistwithChinesecharacteristics孟子：Mencius亭/阁：Pavilion/Attic大中型国有企业：LargeandMedium-sizedState-ownedEnterprises火药：gunpowder农历：LunarCalendar京剧：BeijingOpera/PekingOpera太极拳：TaiChi独生子女证：TheCertificateofOne-child天坛：AltarofHeaveninBeijing小吃摊：SnackBar/SnackStand春卷：SpringRoll(s)追星族：StarStruck故宫博物院：ThePalaceMuseum相声：Cross-talk/ComicDialogue下岗：Layoff/Laidoff北京烤鸭：BeijingRoastDuck烟花爆竹：fireworksandfirecracker电视小品：TVSketch/TVSkit香港澳门同胞：CompatriotsfromHongKongandMacao文化大革命：CulturalRevolution门当户对：PerfectMatch/ExactMatch中外合资企业：JointVentures文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：TheFourTreasureoftheStudyBrush,Inkstick,Paper,andInkstone四大名著theFourGreatClassicalNovels《三国演义》TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms《水浒传》HeroesoftheMarshes;WaterMargins《西游记》PilgrimagetotheWest《红楼梦》DreamoftheRedMansions;ThestoryoftheStone2.中国意念词八卦trigram阴、阳yin,yang道Dao江湖（世界）thejianghuWorld（thetraits’world）e.g.Youcan’tcontroleverythinginatraits’world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism（Taoism）上火excessiveinternalheat儒学Confucianism红学（《红楼梦》研究）redology世外桃源Shangri-laorArcadia大锅饭gettinganequalshareregardlessoftheworkdone不搞一刀切noimposinguniformityon…合乎国情，顺乎民意toconformwiththenationalconditionsandthewillofthepeople脱贫toshakeoffpoverty;anti-poverty3.中华民族的喜庆节日国庆节NationalDay中秋节Mia-AutumnFestival春节SpringFestival元宵节LanternFestival儿童节Children’sDay端午节DragonBoatFestival妇女节Women’sDay泼水节Water-SplashingDay五四青年节YouthDay重阳节：Double-NinthFestival清明节：Tombsweepingday4.中国独特的传统饮食馄饨wonton花卷steamedtwistedrolls套餐setmeal盒饭boxlunch;Chinesetake-away米豆腐ricetofu米粉ricenoodles冰糖葫芦astickofsugar-coatedhaws(orapples,etc.)粉丝glassnoodles豆腐脑jelliedbeancurd5.中国新兴事物中国电信ChinaTelecom中国移动ChinaMobile中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程theThreeGorgesProject希望工程ProjectHope扶贫工程Anti-PovertyProject菜篮子工程VegetableBasketProject温饱工程Decent-LifeProject安居工程EconomyHousingProject西部大开发Go-WestCampaign6.特有的一些汉语词汇噱头；掉包袱gimmick,stunt夜猫子nightpeople;night-owls本命年thisanimalyearofsb.处世之道philosophyoflife姻缘yinyuan（prefixedfateofmarriage）7.具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国MainlandChina红色中国socialistChina四化FourModernizations终生职业job-for-life铁饭碗ironricebowl大锅饭communalpot关系户closely-relatedunits外出打工人员migrantworkers关系网personalnets,closely-knittedguild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：theFiveMeritsfocusondecorum,manners,hygiene,disciplinesandmorals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）：theFourVirtuesaregoldenheart,refinedlanguage,civilizedbehavior,andgreenenvironment8.中国古代独特事物宣纸ricepaper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius武术wushu（ChineseMartialArts）功夫kungfu；kungfu中庸thewayofmedium（cf.GoldenMeans）中和harmony(zhonghe)孝顺toshowfilialobedience孝子dutifulson家长familyhead三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲threecardinalguides:rulerguidessubject,fatherguidessonhusbandguideswife五常：仁、义、理、智、信fiveconstantvirtues:benevolence(humanity),righteousness,propriety,wisdomandfidelity多子多福：Themoresons/children,themoreblessing/greathappiness养儿防老：raisingsonstosupportoneinone’soldage9.近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督grass-rootssupervision婚介所matrimonialagency婚外恋extramaritallove婚纱摄影bridephoto黑心棉shoddycotton机器阅卷machinescoring集中精力把经济建设搞上去goalloutforeconomicdevelopment加强舆论监督ensurethecorrectorientationismaintainedinpublicopinion假帐accountingfraud叫板challenge;pickaquarrel矫情uselamearguments借调temporarilytransfer渐进式台独gradualTaiwanindependence扩大中等收入者比重Raisetheproportionofthemiddle-incomegroup.扩大内需，刺激消费expanddomesticdemandandconsumption安居工程housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents智力密集型concentrationofbrainpower;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-fundedenterprises下岗职工laid-offworkers分流repositionofredundantpersonnel三角债chaindebts素质教育educationforall-rounddevelopment豆腐渣工程jerry-builtprojects社会治安情况law-and-ordersituation民族国家nationstate西部大开发DevelopmentoftheWestRegions可持续性发展sustainabledevelopment风险投资riskinvestment通货紧缩deflation扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand计算机辅助教学computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)网络空间cyberspace虚拟现实virtualreality网民netizen(netcitizen)电脑犯罪computercrime电子商务thee-business网上购物shoppingonline应试教育exam-orientededucation学生减负toreducestudyload总裁助理assistantpresident综合治理comprehensivetreatment安居工程housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentrationofbrainpower;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-fundedenterprises下岗职工laid-offworkers分流repositionofredundantpersonnel素质教育educationforall-rounddevelopment通货紧缩deflation扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand计算机辅助教学computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)下海plungeintothecommercialsea下网offline小康之家well-offfamily;comfortably-offfamily新秀up-and-comingstar,risingstar新新人类NewHumanBeing;XGeneration形象小姐imagerepresentativeofaproductorabrand虚拟网virtualnet学生处studentsaffairs