大学英语四级深度阅读题及详解

1.WhatisitaboutAmericansandfood?Welovetoeat,butwefeel1aboutitafterward.Wesaywewantonlythebest,butwestrangelyenjoyjunkfood.We’re2withhealthandweightlossbutfaceanunprecedentedepidemicofobesity(肥胖).Perhapsthe3tothisambivalence(矛盾情结)liesinourhistory.ThefirstEuropeanscametothiscontinentsearchingfornewspicesbutwentinvain.Thefirstcashcrop(经济作物)wasn’teatenbutsmoked.ThentherewasProhibition,intendedtoprohibitdrinkingbutactuallyencouragingmore4waysofdoingit.Theimmigrantexperience,too,hasbeenoneofinharmony.DoasRomansdomeanseatingwhat“realAmericans”eat,butournation’sfoodhascometobe5byimports—pizza,say,orhotdogs.Andsomeofthecountry’smosttreasuredcookingcomesfrompeoplewhoarrivedhereinshackles.Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethenthatfoodhasbeenamediumforthelunchcounters.Itisintegraltoourconceptsofhealthandevenmoralitywhetheronerefrainsfromalcoholforreligiousreasonsorevadesmeatforpolitical6Butstrongopinionshavenotbrought7.Americansareambivalentaboutwhattheyputintheirmouths.Wehavebecome8ofourfoods,especiallyaswelearnmoreaboutwhattheycontain.The9infoodisstillprosperousintheAmericanconsciousness.It’snocoincidence,then,thatthefirstThanksgivingholdstheAmericanimaginationinsuchbondage(束缚).It’swhatweeat—andhowwe10itwithfriends,family,andstrangers—thathelpdefineAmericaasacommunitytoday.A.answerI.creativeB.resultJ.beliefC.shareK.suspiciousD.guiltyL.certaintyE.constantM.obsessedF.definedN.identifyG.vanishO.idealsH.adapted【答案及详解】1.Dfeel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about,可以确定选项为D项guilty,短语feelguiltyaboutsth.“对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。2.Mbeobsessedwith为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。3.A本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.4.I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。5.F本题较难。根据be和by确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过but转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定F为正确选项。6.B政治结果，可根据宗教原因religiousreasons来推断此处填政治结果。7.L由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做bring的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。8.K系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/becomesuspiciousof“对……感到怀疑”。9.J本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)beliefinsth.“相信……”。10.C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with搭配，确定选项为share,sharesth.withsb.,“与某人分享某事”。2.Ourquarrelwithefficiencyisnotthatitgetsthingsdone,butthatitisathiefoftimewhenitleavesusnoleisuretoenjoyourselves,andthatitstrainsournerveswhenwetrytogetthingsdoneperfectly.Inbuildingbridges,Americanengineerscalculatesofinelyandexactlyastomakethetwoendscometogetherwithinone-tenthofaninch.ButwhentwoChinesebegintodigatunnelfrombothsidesofamountainbothcomeoutontheotherside.--TheChinese’sfirmbeliefisthatitdoesn’tmattersolongasatunnelisdugthrough,andifwehavetwoinsteadofone,why,wehaveadoubletracktoboot.Thepaceofmodernindustriallifeforbidsthiskindofgloriousandmagnificentidling.But,worsethanthat,itimposesuponusadifferentconceptionoftimeasmeasuredbytheclockandeventuallyturnsthehumanbeingintoaclockhimself.(ThissortofthingisboundtocometoChina,asisevident,forinstance,inthecaseofafactoryoftwentythousandworker.Theluxuriousprospectoftwentythousandworkerscominginattheirownsweetpleasureatallhoursis,ofcourse,somewhatterrifying.)Nevertheless,suchefficiencyiswhatmakeslifesohardandfullofexcitement.Amanwhohastobepunctuallyatacertainplaceatfiveo’clockhasthewholeafternoonfromonetofiveruinedforhimalready.EveryAmericanadultisarranginghistimeonthepatternoftheschoolboy-threeo’clockforthis,fiveo’clockforthat,six-thirtyforchangeofdress,six-fiftyforenteringthetaxi,andseveno’clockforarrivingatthedestination.Itjustmakeslifenotworthliving.1.Thewriterobjectstoefficiencymainlyonthegroundsthatit____.A)entitlesustotoomuchleisuretimeB)urgesustogetthingsdonepunctuallyC)deprivesusofleisuretime您看到来自)imposesonusaperfectconceptoftime2.Intheeyesoftheauthor,theintroductionofindustriallifegivesriseto____.A)theexcitementoflifeB)magnificentidlingoftimeC)moreemphasisonefficiencyD)terrifyingschoolboy3.Thepassagetellsus____.A)ChineseworkerscometoworkwhenitisconvenientB)allAmericansareforcedtobeefficientagainsttheirwillC)ChineseengineersareonbettertermswiththemanagementD)Americansoughtnottoworksohardforefficiency4.Theauthorbelievesthatrelaxingtheruleofpunctualityinfactorieswouldleadto____.A)greatconfusionB)increasedproductionC)ahardandexcitinglifeD)successfulcompletionofatunnel5.WhatisimpliedbutNOTstatedbytheauthoristhat____.A)everyAmericanisarranginghistimeinthepatternofaschoolboyB)everyAmericanisreluctanttobeefficientC)everyoneshouldhavesometimetospendashepleasesD)beingpunctualisanundesirablehabitwhichshouldnotbeformed答案：1.C)deprivesusofleisuretime对应原文第一句butthatitisathiefoftimewhenitleavesusnoleisuretoenjoyourselves.选项A是与作者想法完全相反的;选项B虽有章可循,但要注意原文是itstrainsournerveswhenwetrytogetthingsdoneperfectly,而非it直接urgesustogetthingsdonepunctually;选项D要看清,原文是adifferentconceptionoftime而非aperfectconceptoftime.2.C)moreemphasisonefficiency对应原文第二段第一句Thepaceofmodernindustriallifeforbidsthiskindofgloriousandmagnificentidling.通过第一段可以看出,与efficiency对立的是thiskindofgloriousandmagn