中西方建筑文化的差异__英文

TheDifferencebetweenChineseandWesternArchitecturalCulture组员：周丽、何叶、李成娟、涂婷婷、覃金玉、张丽芳Introduction1、ArchitecturalMaterials2、ArchitecturalStructures3、ArchitecturalBeauty4、ArchitecturalDistribution5、Architectural“Artlanguage”6、ArchitecturalValueConcepts7、ConclusionYuanDynastyRomeArchitecture1ArchitecturalMaterialsChinesearchitectsusedwoodsasthemainbuildingmaterials.Themainbuildingmaterialofthewesterntraditionalarchitectureisstone.2ArchitecturalStructuresTraditionalChinesepeoplebelieveintheideaofnature-humanintegration(“天人合一”).InourChineseculture,weadvocatethatmenshouldkeepaharmoniousrelationshipwithnature.Chinesearchitectureisrequiredtobelikethenature.TherearemanysmallhillsandpondsinChinesetraditionalgardens.Thedesignerspursuedtheharmonyoftheman,thearchitectureandthenature.2ArchitecturalStructuresAsforWesternpeople,theyadvocateindividualismwhichcaresmuchabouttheindividual.ThustheWesternbuildingstendtobedetached（分离的，分开的）patternswhilemostChinesetraditionalbuildingsareaggregate（聚集的）patterns.3ArchitecturalBeautyThegeomantic（风水的）cultureandthetheoryofthefivenaturalelements–earth,water,fire,metalandwoodareverypopularinChinesearchitecture。Westernarchitectscaremuchaboutaestheticgeometry（几何美）intheirarchitecture.Reason：thedifferentaestheticstandardsandvalueconcepts4ArchitecturalDistributionChinesetraditionalarchitectureisbuiltingroup.Thatis,moreindividualarchitecturesmakeupabigarchitecturalgroup.Theyextendcrosswiseinspace,requiredaxialsymmetry,andhavetheeffectofdepth.Thecitydistributionisalwaysrectangular.Thewholestyleisintroversive,close,strictandthesereflecttheimplicationandprivacy.4ArchitecturalDistributionMostofthewesterntraditionalarchitectureextendsverticallyinthespace,requirestobetall,andhasthestraighteffect.Theircitydistributionisusuallyconcentric.Thewholestyleisextroverted,open,active,enterprisingandfree.5Architectural“Artlanguage”Thewesternarchitectureusuallydevelopsinlengthwaysanddirectlypointstothesky.Howtosupportthesestoneroofsuptoskyisthekeyofthearchitectureart.Sothe“basicvocabulary”ofthewesternarchitectureispostandtheroofisthe“mainsentencepattern”.Thedistinctionoftheroofleadstodifferentarchitecturestyles,suchasGreekstyle,Romestyle,Byzantinestyle.5Architectural“Artlanguage”Thebracketset（斗拱）isthebasicvocabularyofChinesetraditionalwoodenarchitecture.Cornice（檐口，飞檐）hasmanystyles.Differentstylesmakeoutdifferentarteffects.Somearespryandsomearestrictordepressive.Cornicecanbeusedtoexpressstatusandemotioninpavilions,terracesandtowers.6ArchitecturalValueConceptsChinesetraditionalarchitectureemphasizesongoodness.Thatis,peoplepayattentiontothearchitecturalpracticality.Chinesethinkthatthearchitectureisman-made.TheWesterntraditionalarchitectureshowstheeternality.ItisregardedasGod’screation,andprominencetobeautyisgiven.Inaddition,architecturalartistrytakespriority.WhatwecanseefromtheaboveanalysisisthatChineseandWesternarchitecturerepresentbetweentwoterminalsduetotheirdifferenthistoryoriginscustomspsychologicalconstructionsethicnationwaysofthinkingvalueorientation…Conclusion封闭的群体的空间格局，在地面平面铺开，类似于“四合院”模式明清宫殿★曲阜孔庙★★明十三陵★•以上这些中国古代的建筑，都是以重重院落相•套而构成规模巨大的建筑群，各种建筑前后左•右有主有宾合乎规律地排列着，体现了中国古•代社会结构形态的内向性特征，宗法思想和礼•教制度。Aqueducts:ThearchitectesofancientRomeuesdarchesintheconstructionoftheirbuilding,bridge,andotherstructures.Overaperiodof500yearselevenaqueductswerebuilttobringwatertoRomefromasfarawayas57miles.Someoftheseaqueductsarestillinuse.Theyareabout2000yearsold.