翻译练习答案及相关语法知识

MoreExercise(语法)虚拟语气1.Whydidn’tyoutellmeyoucouldlendmethemoney?I__________________________________(本来不必从银行借钱的)2.BythetimeyougettoNewYork,I__________________(已经动身去)London。3.It’stime______________________________________________（采取措施）aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.4.Itisessentialthat________________________________________(把程序输进计算机)。needn’thaveborroweditformthebankshallhaveleftforsomethingwasdone/somemeasuresweretakentheprogrambeloadedintocomputer.MoreExercise(语法)虚拟语气5.Heinsistedthattheseats________________事先预定).6.Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations,______________________________________________(会议是不会开得这么成功的).7.______________________________(正是由于她太没有经验)thatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.(强调句型)8.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it___________________(肯定没打扫过)。(情态动词)bebookedinadvancetheconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessfulItisbecausesheistooinexperiencedcan’thavebeencleanedMoreExercise(语法)倒装9.Undernocircumstance___________________________(允许游客在草地上行走).10.__________________________(他们几乎连一片面包也不浪费)theywaste.11.Fourthousanddollars______________________(她付不起).主谓一致canvistorsbeallowedtowalkonthegrassHardlyasliceofbreaddidismorethanshecanaffordMoreExercise(语法)12.Hissalaryis____________________________.(是我的两倍)倍数13._____________________,(他虽有耐性)hewasunwillingtowaitthreehours.状语从句14.Soundisatool____________________(人们通过它互相交流).定语从句15.__________________(样样精通),istoknownothing.不定式twotimes/twiceasmuchasminePatientashewasbymeansofwhichpeoplecommunicatewitheachotherToknoweverything•1.Specialistsininterculturalstudiessaythatitisnoteasytoadapttolivesindifferentcultures/adapt(oneself)tolivingindifferentcultures(适应不同文化中的生活).•2.SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthatnothingismore•attractive/appealingtomethanreading(没有什么比读书对我更有吸力).•3.Thevictimwouldhavehadchancestosurvive(本来会有机会活下来ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.•4.Thefindingofthisstudyfailedtotakepeople’ssleepqualityintoaccount(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).•5.Thankstoaseriesofnewinventions(多亏了一系列的新发明),doctorsandtreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.•6..Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthatIammoreinclinedtogettiredthanbefore(我比以前更容易累了).••7.Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,nomatterwhatkindofsacrificeIwillmake(无论我要付出什么样的牺牲).•8.Iwouldprefershoppingonlinetoshoppinginadepartmentstorebecausetheformerismoreconvenientandtime-saving/itismore....(它更加方便和省时).•9.Comparedwith/AsopposedtotheplacewhereIgrewup(与我成长的地方相比),thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.•10.Notuntilhehadaccomplishedthetask(直到他完成使命)didherealizethathewasseriouslyill.•11.Themoreyouexplain,themoreconfusedIam(我愈糊涂).•12.Itissimple.Themorepreparationyoudonow,thelessnervousyouwillbebeforetheexam•12.Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner(should)befixed/installedbythewindow(要安装在窗户旁).•13.The16-yeat-oldgirldecidedtotravelabroadonherowndespitethestrongoppositionofherparents/herparents’strongopposition(她父母的强烈反对)•14.Whatmostparentsareconcernedabout(大多数父母所关心的)isprovidingthebesteducationpossiblefortheirchildren.•15.Whatmanypeopledon’trealize(很多人所没有意识到的)isthatSimonisaloverofsports.andfootballinparticular.所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假想和建议等。考试的频度非常大。虚拟语气主要分为两大类：谓语使用①动词原形②过去时或过去完成时虚拟语气语法讲解一．句子谓语需用动词原形的情况（1）英语中有些表示愿望、建议、命令、要求的动词的宾语从句的谓语需用should十动词原形，美国英语多用动词原形，英国英语可用动词原形或用should十动词原形两种形式。这些常用动词包括：suggest，propose，recommend，order，demand,command,request，require，insist，desire，ask，urge，advise，move（提议），prefer(宁愿)，determine，resolve，decide，vote，arrange.这些动词变为被动态时，从句谓语仍需用虚拟式。MaryinsistedthatJohncome．Wepreferthattheplanshouldbefullydiscussedbeforebeingputintoexecution.that从句sb（should）do2)与这些动词同源的名词的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语动词也需用虚拟语气。与这些动词相应的名词有：suggestion／proposal／recommendation／order／demand／request／requirement／insistence／desire／advice／motion（动议）／determination／resolution／decision/preference／arrangemente.g.Hegaveordersthatthework（should）bestartedatonce．3）在一些形容词后面的从句谓语需用虚拟语气。英语中有些表示必要性、重要性、愿望、建议、惊异、遗憾、要求等意思的形容词，在Itis十形容词十that从句结构中，从句谓语需用虚拟式。这些常用的形容词有：necessary／important／vital／essential／imperative(紧急的)/urgent/appropriate/preferable(更可取的)/natural/strange/amazing/desirable/advisable/incredible（不可思议的；It’simperativethatwe（should）makeaquickdecision。Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce．二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用（1）用于宾语从句１、wish后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词形式为：表现在过去时表过去过去完成时表将来would,might,could＋动词原形Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.Iwish(that)Iwould\couldgo.2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desireetc.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意．那个人坚持说他没有偷钱．在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形”should可以省略．（2）用于表语从句和同位语从句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.A.在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....”中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形1.我们有必要出去散散步。It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawal