基于51单片机数字时钟的设计

基于单片机数字钟的设计I基于单片机电子数字钟的设计摘要近几年，单片机在各个领域得到广泛的应用。从工业到人们的日常生活，大部分的科技产品都是通过单片机来控制。在它问世之前，自动控制设备不能被广泛的应用，这是因为控制设备的体积庞大，耗电量大，价格昂贵。在第一台微处理器成功研制不久，第一个单片机就问世了。因为其小巧的体积，低功耗，以及高效的性能，单片机受到了大家的欢迎。今天，单片机成为了解决低复杂度，中等复杂度控制问题的传统选择。文章介绍了单片机在定时方面的基本功能。生活中，我们发现，有时病人要在注射药物之前作皮试试验，防止过敏。护士们有必要在一定时间后记录结果。这时，时间的准确显得很重要的。但是，有些时候，由于病人的人数众多，忘了记录时间。根据这种情况，我们设计了一个设备解决此问题。我们选择的方法是单片机开发设计使用的传统方法，通过本次设计，可以了解整个单片机开发的流程。文章首先介绍了单片机的基本知识。下来比较了一些可行的方法。同时给出了框图，流程图等。论文涵盖了从需求分析，系统设计，编程，原理图，PCB图等设计的基本过程。关键词：单片机，软件仿真，原理图，PCB图基于单片机数字钟的设计IIBasedonthedesignofsingle-chipdigitalclockAbstractSingleChipMicrocomputerhasachievedaimmemsepopularityinallfiledsinrecentyears.Fromindustrytopeople’scommonlives,mostoftechnicalapplicationsarecontrolledbySCM.Beforeitappeared,theautomaticdevicescould’tbewidelyusedbecauseoftheirhugesize,largequantityofpowercostandhighprice.ThefirstSCMappearedassoonasthefirstMCU(MicroControllerUnit)wassuccessfullydeveloped.Duetoitssmallsize,lowpowercostandhighperformance,ithasbeenwelcomedbypeople.Nowadays,SCMhasbeenselectedasatraditionalsolutionforlowormediumcomplexityproblemsaboutdevicescontrolling.ThisessayshowsabasicapplicationofSCMintimingforpeople’slife.Weoftenfindthatpatientssometimeshastoreceivemedicaltestsbeforeusingmedcinesforfearthatpatientsmaygetallery,soitisnecessaryfornursestorecordtheresultafterafixedtimeinterval.Underthiscondition,timeaccuracyisavitalfactorthateffectstheresults.Unfornately,somenursesignoresomepatientswhenalargenumberofpatientswaiteingfortests.Formthispoint,wedesignadevicewhichcansolvethisproblem.TheapproachwechooseisthecommonwayforSCMdevelopingfromwhichwecangetanacknowledgeabouttheSCMdevelopflowingprocess.Thepaperfirstintroducesknowledgeon51serialSCM,thencomparessomepossiblemethodologies.Atthesametime,italsoshowsblockdiagrams,flowingprocessdiagramsandsoon.Itpresentstheprocessincludingrequirementanalysis,systemdesign,SCMprogramming,programemulation,PCBdesignandfinalweldingOftheboardwhichformsacompleteprocedureforproductmanufacture。Keywords:SCM；softwareemulation；schemetic；PCB基于单片机数字钟的设计III目录摘要...................................................................................................................................................IAbstract...........................................................................................................................................II目录............................................................................................................................................III第1章绪论..................................................................................................................................11.1课题背景..........................................................................................................................11.2课题来源..........................................................................................................................1第2章MCS-51单片机的知识介绍...............................................................................................22.1单片机介绍.......................................................................................................................22.3单片机的应用领域..........................................................................................................32.4单片机的中断与定时系统..............................................................................................32.4.1MCS－51单片机中断系统...................................................................................32.4.2MCS-51单片机的定时器/计数器.......................................................................6第3章数字钟原理图元件清单及设计方案................................................................................83.1时钟电路原理图..............................................................................................................83.2单片机最小系统..............................................................................................................93.3显示器工作原理............................................................................................................103.4元件清单........................................................................................................................103.5设计方案与实现.............................................................................................................103.674LS245介绍.................................................................................................................113.6.1174LS245引脚图.................................................................................................113.6.274LS245说明.....................................................................................................123.7AT89C51介绍.................................................................................................................123.7.1AT89C51引脚功能介绍.......................................................................................123.7.2存储器的结构....................................................................................................16第4章电路的硬件设计............................................