英语冠词习题详解

冠词一、辨析正误1、［误］Iboughtthedictionaryyesterday.Adictionaryisverygood.［正］Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisverygood.2、［误］Pleaseturnofflightsbeforeyouleave.［正］Pleaseturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.3、［误］Therearenineplanetsaroundasun.［正］Therearenineplanetsaroundthesun.［析］世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词，如：theearth,themoon,thesun,thesky,thesea.4、［误］Iliveonasecondfloorofthisbuilding.［正］Iliveonthesecondfloorofthisbuilding.［析］在序数词，形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如：Heistheoldestinthefamily.5、［误］Iwanttolearnthesecondlanguagethisterm.［正］Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.［析］在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二，而其意在于再学一个，再来一个时，应用a，本句的意思应为：这学期我要学一门第二外语。6、［误］Mississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.［正］TheMississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.［析］在河流名称前应加定冠词，如：theYellowRiver(黄河)。7、［误］Look,thereareAlp.［误］Look,therearetheAlp.［正］Look,therearetheAlps.［析］具体的某一座山不加定冠词，如：MountainTai.但在山名称前加定冠词后，其山名要加s，来表示山脉。theAlps即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如:TheAlpsareinthecenterofEurope.8、［误］Timesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.［正］TheTimesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.9、［误］Richarenotalwayshappy.［正］Thericharenotalwayshappy.［析］在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人，而在姓的前面加定冠词，姓后加s表示某一家，如：TheturnersaregoingtomovetoNewYork.10、［误］Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Breadsellsinthisshopisverygood.［正］Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Thebreadsellsinthisshopisverygood.11、［误］Thesunrisesineast.［正］Thesunrisesintheeast.［析］在方向、方位前应用定冠词，如：intheeast,inthewest,inthenorth,inthesouth,inthedirection及inthepast,inthefuture12、［误］Doyouknowwhoinventedtelephone［正］Doyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone如：theEnglishChannel英吉利海峡thePanamaCanal巴拿马运河theSuezCanal苏伊士运河13、［误］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforthesupper［正］Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforsupper14、［误］Iliketoclimbthemountainintheautumn.［正］Iliketoclimbthemountaininautumn.［析］一年四季前不用定冠词，如：Springisthebestseasoninayear.15、［误］Sometimesmyparentscometoschooltoseeme.［正］Sometimesmyparentscometotheschooltoseeme.［析］有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词，如：gotoschool上学，leaveschool(辍学)，afterschool(放学)，但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词，如例句中其父母来校不是上学，而是看望孩子，则要加定冠词。又如，Hewasinhospitalfortwodays.(他在医院住院两天了。)而：Hewenttothehospitaltoseehismother.他去医院看望他的母亲。16、［误］Iboughtasamedictionaryasshebought.［正］Iboughtthesamedictionaryasshebought.［析］在惯用法thesame,theonly,thevery前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。17、［误］Thepolicecaughtthethiefbyhisarm.［正］Thepolicecaughtthethiefbythearm.［析］这是英文表达法与中文的明显不同之处，也是初学者极易忽视之处。在英语中的某些动词，如：catch(抓)，take(拿)，strike(打),pat(拍)，hit(击)，hold(握)，pull(拉)…动词后应加人，再加介词on,by,in,with…之后要加定冠词，再加人体的某一部位。这时的定冠词千万不要换作his,her,their,等词。18、［误］Hewaspaidbyhour.［正］Hewaspaidbythehour.［析］by和计量单位之间要有定冠词。这句话应译为：他的工资是按小时计算的。19、［误］IwenttoNewYorkbyhiscar.［正］IwenttoNewYorkbycar.［正］IwenttoNewYorkinhiscar.［析］by仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具，而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如：bycar(坐小汽车)bytaxi(坐出租车)bybike(骑自行车)bywater(乘船)byair(乘飞机)bysea(乘船)20、［误］Marybegantolearnhowtoplaypianowhenshewasthree.［正］Marybegantolearnhowtoplaythepianowhenshewasthree.［析］在乐器前要加定冠词，而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词，如：Theyliketoplaybridgewhentheyarefree.(他们空闲时爱打桥牌)21、［误］Thelittleboywantedtogotocinema.［正］Thelittleboywantedtogotothecinema.［析］英语中虽有一些名词与goto连用时不加定冠词，以表示该名词的内涵，如：gotoschool(上学)，gotobed(睡觉)等，但去看电影则例外，要用gotothecinema.这也是语言的一个特点。22、［误］Iliveat105theLakestreet.［正］Iliveat105LakeStreet.［23、［误］NextsummerholidayIwillgotocountrytoliveonafarm.［正］NextsummerholidayIwillgotothecountrytoliveonafarm.［析］country既作国家讲也作乡村讲。作乡村讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式，作国家讲时则可有复数形式。如：Japanisacountry.Japan,China,IndiaareAsiancountries.24、［误］Thepicturelooksbetteratthedistance.［正］Thepicturelooksbetteratadistance.［析］atadistance意为“离开一定距离”。而inthedistance为“远方，远处”。这样常用的词组有：asarule(照例)inahurry(匆忙)inthemorning/afternoon(上/下午)inthesun(在阳光下)intherain(雨中)inthesameway(同样)intheshade(在阴凉处)inthedaytime(白天)intheend(最终)ontheotherhand(换句话说)onthecontrary(相反)25、［误］Thelittleboyandgirlwalkalongthestreetahandinahand.［正］Thelittleboyandgirlwalkalongthestreethandinhand.bitbybit(逐渐)dayafter(by)day(一天又一天)dayandnight(日日夜夜)facetoface(面对面)fromAtoZ(自始至终)fromtimetotime(再三)handinhand(手拉手)shoulderbyshoulder(肩并肩)二、例题解析1MrLiis＿＿＿oldworker.AaBanCsomeD/［答案］B.［析］an用于元音音素开始的单词前。2Englishis＿＿＿usefullanguagein＿＿＿world.Aan,theBa,theCthe,/D/,the［答案］B.［析］因useful的第一个音素是［j］，它是辅音音素。3What＿＿＿interestingbookitis?AaBanCtheD/［答案］B.［析］这是感叹句，因为移到原一般句前面的强调部分中有可数名词book,所以应加冠词，而interesting的第一音素是元音所以要加an。4Hewillbebackin＿＿＿hour.A/BtheCaDan［答案］D.［析］因hour的首字母h不发音。5Thereis＿＿＿mapintheclassroom.＿＿＿mapisonthewall.Aa,ABthe,TheCa,TheDthe,A［答案］C.［析］在文章中首次提到某人或某物时用不定冠词，而第二次再提到该物或人时应用定冠词。6Lookat＿＿＿picture!There's＿＿＿houseinit.Aa,aBthe,theCa,theDthe,aD.［析］虽然是第一次提到，但在句中的语言是让对方看某一特定的图画，所以应选择D。7Thereis＿＿＿orangeinthebottle.AaBanCtheD/D.［析］这里的orange是指桔汁而不是一个个的桔子。8Beijingis＿＿＿capitalofourcountry.AtheBanC/DaA.［析］capital之后有of结构则要用定冠词。9IfyouworkhardatEnglish,you'llget＿＿＿“A”inthetest.AanB/CtheDaA.［析］因字母A的第一音素是元音。10Heusuallygoestoschoolon＿＿＿foot.AaBanCtheD/D.［析］onfoot意为走路上学，是习惯用法。