情态动词讲解

情态动词（ModalVerbs)情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等等。但本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，必须和不带to的不定式（即动词原形）连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。canandcouldmayandmightwillandwouldshallandshouldmustandcan’t1.表能力.could是can的过去式,表示过去2.表示“请求”“许可”(表请求时，口语中常用could代替can使语气更委婉，回答时用can)can与could1)Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.2)Thenewly-builttheatrecanseat1500people.1)-Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?-Yes,youcan.2)Youcanhavemyseat.I'mgoingnow.3)Youcannottalkinclass.flash3.表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，常用于疑问句或否定句(could可以用于肯定句中)1)Itcan’tbemyfather.HeisnowinEngland.2)----Canitraintomorrow?----No,itcan’t.3)WherecanIputmykey?4)Youcouldberight，butIdon’tthinkyouare.(不可能)5)Hecan't/couldn'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhimjustnow.can和beableto的用法区别She__________singthesonginEnglish.Thismachine______makeyoufeelcomfortable.1.can的主语是人或物,beableto的主语是人We_________finishtheworksoon.I__________________seethefilmsofar.2.can只用于现在式和过去式(could)。beableto可以用于各种时态。Sheranfastsothatshe___________catchthebus.3.表示成功地做了某事时，只能was/wereableto，不能用could。He________fleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.can/isabletocan’llbeabletohaven’tbeenabletocould/wasabletowasabletomay与might1.表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，比can正式。口语中常用might代may,表示委婉语气。否定回答时常用“mustnot”表“禁止，阻止”。1)---May/MightIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay./Yes,please.(No,youmustn’t.)2.表示可能性。意为“或许，可能”常用于肯定句或否定句中。might比may可能性小。1)Theymay/mightbeinthelibrarynow.2)Shemaynotknowthetruth.(或许不，可能不)3)Shemay/mighthavegonehome.3.may/mightwell+动词原形“完全可以，很有可能”Youmay/mightaswellgoandhavealook.5.Mayyou+动词原形表“希望、祝愿”Mayyousucceed.4.may/mightaswell+动词原形“…还是…的好”Youmaywellbeproudofyourson.Heisexcellent.Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!Mayallyourdreamscometrue！1.Acomputer______thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoAD3.Theywill______runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinema______seat2,000people.A.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isabletoDA5.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.couldCA7.Peter_____comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.A.mustB.mayC.canD.will8.Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy；theyjustbequietpeople.A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.would9.Liza___wellnotwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling.（2008全国II）A.willB.canC.mustD.mayBBDmay,might,can,could1.They(cannot/maynot)_______________stillbeout,forthelightisoninthehouse.2.You(can’t/aren’tableto)_________________smokeonthebus.3.Withluck,tomorrow(can/could)__________beacoolerday.4.You(can/might)___________beright,butI’mgoingbacktocheckit.表示许可can’tcould表示猜测cannot表示猜测(不可能)might表示猜测will与would2.疑问句中用于第二人称，表“请求、建议”等would比用will委婉，客气些。1)Will/Wouldyou(please)lendmeyourbook?2)Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?3.will与would用于表示主语的意志或意愿。will指现在，而would指过去。1)I’llneverdothatagain.2)Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.1.作助动词表单纯的将来,可用于各种人称。1)Iwilltellyousomethingimportanttomorrow.2)Hesaidthathewouldtellyousomethingimportantthenextday.5.表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”will指现在，would指过去。1)Thisoldmanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.2)Shewouldsitbywindow,deepinthought.4.表示推测，译作“会，将会”Givehimtheapple.Hewilllikeit.6.与not搭配，表拒绝，无可奈何之意1)Thisdoorwon’topen.2)Wepushedthecarbutitwouldn’tmove,notabit.1)PerhapsIshallpayavisittoEnglandthiswinter.shall1.作助动词表单纯的将来,用于第一人称。2.在疑问句中，用于提出建议、征求意见。常用于一、三人称.1)Shallwebeginourdiscussion?2)Shallheuseyourpen?flash3.用于二、三人称，表说话人的允诺，决心，警告，命令,或威胁。1)Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.2)Youshallgetwhatyoudeserve.3)Heshallbepunishedifhebreakstherule.4)Nothingshallstopus.（警告）(允诺)(威胁)(决心)4.用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定。1)Nobodyshallgooutwithouttheteacher’spermission.2)Candidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.should1.用于表义务、劝告、建议。意为”应该、应当”。（也可用oughtto，但oughtto语气重）1)Youshould/oughttohelpyourmotherwiththehousework.2.表示可能性、推测、推论或期待,意为“可能、按理说、该…”1)It’s8o’clocknow,heshouldbehereatany2)moment.2)Dinnershouldbereadybynow.2)Oneoughtnot(oughtn't)tocrossthestreetagainsttheredlight.3)—Oughtwetodoitatonce?—Yes,yououghtto.3.表示意外或惊讶。意为“竟然会”1)It'sstrangethatheshouldbeabsent.2)Itseemedunbelievablethatheshouldhavedonesuchawickedthing.4.表示语气较强的假设。意为“万一”Ifthecarshouldbreakdownontheway,youwouldhavetowalkback.1.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might2.—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink.—Well,you_______A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might3.Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?There____betwelve.A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.shallBCA4.---Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?---“Noperson___smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”[2007四川卷]A．willB．mayC．shallD.must5.——What’sthename?——Khulaifi.___Ispellthatforyou?A.ShallB.WouldC.CanD.MightCAmust1.表示义务或强烈的劝告，意为“必须”“应该”，其否定式表示“不应该”“不许可”“不准”“禁止”。(回答must所在的一般疑问句时，否定回答用“needn’t”“don’thaveto”.)1)Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.2)Childrenmustn’tspeaklikethattotheirparents.3)---Mustwefinishtheworktomorrow?---No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto,butyoumustfinishitinthreedays.flash1)Bettymustbeint