高中英语主动表被动结构汇总

高中英语主动表被动结构汇总1.动词sell,write,read,open,lock,shut,wear,wash,keep,cook,cut,burn,run等与well,smoothly,easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”，用主动代替被动。e.g.1)Thiskindofbooksellswell.比较：Thiskindofbookhasbeensoldout.2)Hisshirtswasheasily.比较：Hisshirtarewashedbyhiswife.2.表示状态特征的连系动词如smell,taste,feel,sound,look,prove等用主动语态表示被动意义。e.g.Theice-creamssmellsweet.Suchkindofclothfeelssoft.Thenewsprovedtobetrue.3.不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态：comeup,runout（用完）,giveout（耗尽）,goout（熄灭）,comeout（出版）,cometolight,belongto,breakout,loseheart,dieout,own,have,possess,happen,occur等。e.g.Theoilisrunningout.Theaccidenthappendbychance.4.当want,require,need作“需要”解，后接doing/tobedone作宾语，此时动词do与主语为动宾关系。e.g.花儿需要浇水了。Theflowerswantwatering.needtobewatered.require5.beworth后接doing作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义。e.g.这本书很值得一读。Thebookiswellworthreading.6.不定式tolet（出租）,toblame（该受责备）表示被动意义。e.g.这栋楼正待出租。Thebuildingistoletnow.7.在“主语+be+形容词（forsb.）+todo”结构中，todo用主动形式。e.g.这道数学题很难解。Themathsproblemisdifficulttoworkout.那种人很难对付。Thatkindofpersonishardtodealwith.8.在“主语+谓语+宾语（名词）+动词不定式todo”句型中，不定式作后置定语修饰前面的名词，且为动宾关系，用主动形式表被动含义。e.g.Ihaveameetingtoattend.恐怕我不能参加今晚的聚会了，因为我还有很多作业要做。I’mafraidIcan’ttakepartinthepartytonight,asIstillhavelotsofhomeworktodo.trytodosth努力试图做某事（未必成功）e.g.Tomtriedtopersuademetogiveupsmokingbutfailed.注意区分：trydoingsth尝试做某事（表示方法的改变，与以往不同）e.g.Whynottrygoingtoschoolonfoottoday?3.Inordertodetermineyouraudience,youwillneedtodoalittleresearchandanalysisinadvance.(P18,lines10-11)determinev.确定，查明e.g.Shallwedeterminewhatwearegoingtodonext?inadvance预先，事先；在前头e.g.她在比赛中一直跑在前面。Shewasinadvancethroughouttherace.一切都是预先安排好的。Everythingwasplanned/fixedinadvance.4.Itisimportanttoalwaystrytoappealtotheaudienceinordertogetthemtoreactinacertainway.(P18,lines17-18)appealto吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁e.g.Thegovernmentisappealingtoeveryonetosaveresources.Cartoonfilmsappealtobothchildrenandadults.5.Whataspectsofthisproblemwouldtheycareaboutorbeconcernedwith?(P18,line22)careabout关心,关注,在乎e.g.Hedidn’tknowthetruth,andneitherdidhecareaboutit.beconcernedwith…和……有关；涉及对…感兴趣e.g.ThebookisprimarilyconcernedwithSoviet-AmericanrelationsduringtheColdWar.[拓展]•beconcernedabout/for…关心/关注……e.g.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutprotectingenvironment.Readthesecondarticleonpage19andanswerthefollowingquestions:1.Whatisthesubjectofthisadcampaign?2.Whydotheybuildthisadcampaign?3.Whoisthetargetaudienceforthisadcampaign?4.Whatistheadcampaignaimedtodo?5.Whatisthesloganforthiscampaign?Readthesecondarticleonpage19andanswerthefollowingquestions:1.Whatisthesubjectofthisadcampaign?Anti-smoking.2.Whydotheybuildthisadcampaign?Becausetheproblemcostscountriesalotofmoneyandcausesgreatdamagetothewelfareofthepeople.3.Whoisthetargetaudienceforthisadcampaign?High-schoolteenagers.4.Whatistheadcampaignaimedtodo?Todiscourageyoungpeoplefromsmoking.5.Whatisthesloganforthiscampaign?Smokingkills!Usefulwordsandexpressions(P.19)millionsofduetopoisonouschemicalsresultinlungcancercausedamagetodiscourage…from…effect/affectconvince...(not)tourge...togiveupinform…about…shock…into…relatedto