PQE培训教材-8D报告

1Preparedby:Loewi.LoUpdateDate:Dec/25/2kCorrectiveActionProcedures8-DisciplineFormApproach改善措施程序寫8DForm方法PQE訓練教材2CONTENT1.Whatisthe8-Discipline.3何謂8D?2.Whenshall8-Dbeused.4什么時候用到8D.3.Containment&Correctiveaction.5內容及改善措施.4.Goals.6目標.5.Responsibilities.7負責(人).6.The8-Disciplineindetail.88D詳述.7.ProblemAnalysis.16問題分析.8.TheProcedureofproblemAnalysis.17問題分析過程.3Whatisthe8-Discipline.Asystemicapproachutilizedforrootcausefindingandandproblemsolving.一個發現根本原因及解決問題的系統的原則方法.Discipline1:UseTeamApproach.原則1:采用團体方法(選擇合适人員)Discipline2:DescribeTheProblem原則2:描述問題Discipline3:ContainmentPlan原則3:具体計划Discipline4:DescribeTheRootCause原則4:根本原因的描述(分析)4Discipline5:PermanentC/APlan.原則5:永久(長久)的保証計划.Discipline6:VerificationofEffectiveness.原則6:改善效果的評估Discipline7:PreventRecurrence.原則7:預防措施Discipline8:CongratulateYourTeam,CaseClose.原則8:結案予參与組員以勉勵Whenshall8-DbeusedThefalloutconsistentlyovertheDPPMgoal.不良率連續超出DPPM目標值MEETTHEDPPMgoalbutonefailuremorethan20%tothefallout達到DPPM但某項不良率超過整個不良的20%5ADefectoccurredthatshouldhavebeencontainedwithintheprocess.制程中潛在的缺陷(缺點/不良)Thedefectisinducedbytheprocess.制程導致的缺陷(缺點)Thefailingparameterwasnottestedbyprocess.制程無法測出錯誤參數(存在的缺陷)Definitions–Containment&CorrectiveactionContainment–shortterm,temporaryfix.短期,暫時解決方法RiskassessmentofF/G&FieldF/G和FIELD風險估計Functional/Visualscreenofastatisticallysignificantsample功能的/可視化的清晰的統計抽樣方法.6CorrectiveAction–Logerterm,permanentfix.長期(長久)解決方案Goalscontainmentplanavailablewithin2workingdaysofreceiptof8-D.收到8D后,兩個工作天必須做好短期計划Containmentplanimplementedwithin5workingdaysofreceiptof8-D.收到8D后,5天內短期計划須貫徹執行Correctiveactionplanavailablewithin5workingdaysofreceiptof8-D.收到8D后,5天內做好改善措施計划7CompaqagreedCorrectiveActioninplacewithin3monthsofreceiptof8-D.三個月后,康柏接受該改善措施ResponsibilitiesTheoriginatorInitiatethe8-D發起(開始)8DCopythe8-DtoallCPQmanufacturingsites(asapplicable)給所有CPQ生產地發送8DThesupplierProvideresponsesin8-Dformat以8D格式提供結果8Communicate8-Ddetailsinternallyasnecessary內部8D討論.RespondwithContainment/CorrectiveActionPlansaspergoals對每一個目標審核是否達到ProvideweeklyupdatestoCPQteamasperBusinessplan作為商業計划,每周CPQ更新資料Achievegoalsontimescalesforimplementationofcontainmentandcorrectiveactions在計划時間內完成目標Communicatecorrectiveactionplantoallsuppliersitesforawareness改善措施向所有提供商宣導.9Discipline1:TeamMembersSelectandrecordinternalandexternalteammembers選擇和記錄內部及外部負責人員SelectaTeamChampion選擇一個齊心合力的團隊Removeroadblocksfortheteam去掉隊里的不積极分子Selectateamleader确立團隊負責人Directefforts&takesresponsibility直接負責,接受責任(壓力)Teamwork10Discipline2:DescribetheproblemUsetermsunderstoodbythecustomer使用消費者理解的術語Describethechangeinconditionorpre-existingconditionwhichcausedtheproblem描術目前進展狀況及潛在的影響因素Expresstheconditioninquantifiableterms用可量化術語表達(描述)現狀11Discipline3:ContainmentplanDescribewho,what,when&howyouwillcaptureandcontainthedefectsnow,andpreventthemfromgettingtothecustomer詳細描述你將确認方法:什么時候,及如何解決之些缺陷,解決什么缺陷,以及你將采取什么措施,防止這些缺陷在到達客戶手上被解決.Considertheeffectofthecontainmentplanon:考慮這些計划:花費,交付及會否引起其它不良CostDelveryInducementofothertypesofdefects12Discipline4:DefinetherootrootcauseDescribewhythechangeinconditionoccurred,oridentifythe“Hole”inthesystemwhichallowedthepre-existingconditiontogoundetected解述為什么會產生這些變化?确定這些允許存在的未被發現的潛在缺陷的嚴重性.Categorizetherootcauses,e.g.:根本原因的分類:物料,机械設備,方法,人為,維護,環境等.MaterialMachineMethodsManpowerMaintenanceEnvironment13Discipline5:ImplementpermanentC/ADescribewho,whatwhen&howyouwillinplementchangesinmaterial,manpower,methods,etc.tototallyeliminatetherootcauseoftheproblem描述你在物料,人力,方法等方面采取什么解救措施來除掉其根本原因ConsiderpermanentC/Aimpactupon:考慮長久C/A影響:Inducingothertypesofdefects導致其它類型的缺陷.Eliminationofcontainmentactivities(I.e.:IfC/Aplanworkscontainmentactivitiesshouldnolongerberequired)去除各种短期措施(如果C/A計划巳生效則短期計划不再有效)14Discipline6:VerifyeffectivenessofactionsDescribeverificationresultsinquantifiabletermE.G.:描述改善結果AchievedCPK–1.5完成CPK-1.5Decreaseddefectoccurrencestozero不良率巳降到零ContinuecontainmentactivitiesuntilpermanentC/Aactionsareverifiedasbeingeffevtive在長期改善措施生效前堅持短期措施15Discipline7:PreventrecurrenceDescribetheinternaland/orexternalculturalorsystemicchangesthatmustbemadetopreventtheproblemfromrecurring描述這些防止再次次發生的內部/外部或系統的變化(措施)Theteamchampionisrsponsiblefortakingtheserecommendationsbacktomanagementanddrivingimplementation負責人應將這些措施加入管理方案,并作好補充.16Discipline8:CongratulateyourteamChampionandteamleaderrecognizesteammembersfortheirroleinsolvingtheproblem負責人應給予參与人員按所在作用不同予以獎勵ProblemanalysisWhyP/Afailed?為什么不能正确分析不良狀況?JumpingtoconclusionBasedonlimitedinformationabouttheproblem僅基于對問題一知半解就下結論.Failuretodefinetheproblem不能正确的定義問題17Flounderinamassofinformation被太多的信息所因扰Notabletoclearlyfocusonexactlywhatitistryingtoresolve不能找到解決問題的關鍵所在ActionoverkillTakemanyactionsatonce一下采取太多的糾正措施Theactionsarenotcheckedtoseeiftheyreallycorrecttheproblem在沒有确認能否真正解決問題之前就付諸實施Ifproblemdisappears,nooneiscertainwhy無法确認不良解決的根本原因18DescribeProblemStateproblemspecifyproblem.WHAT,WHERE,WHEN,EXTENTIdentifyPossiblecauses找出所有可能的原因Useknowledge,experience利用知識和經驗Identifydistinctionsandchanges估計可能的原因諸實施原因EvaluatePossibleCauses估計可能的原因19Testpossiblecausestodeterminemostprobablecause對所有可能的原因進行測試以确定最有可能引起不良的原因Con