定语从句难点考点总结

Theattributiveclause这是我的杯子这是装满茶的杯子。这是我喝茶用的杯子。Tips:当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。Thisismycup.Thisisthecupfulloftea.ThisisthecupwhichIdrinkteawith.修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句先行词关系词定语从句的三个概念关系词关系代词关系副词that,which,who,whom,whose,asWhen,where,why引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.TomorrowIwillbringherethemagazinewhich/thatyouaskedfor.关系词的三个功能Step1判定主从句部分Step2判定先行词Step3把从句还原，看先行词在从句中充当何成分。选择关系词的三个步骤1.Thenumberofpeople________cometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.2.Whereistheman__________Isawthismorning?3.Thebook____________youintroducedtomethismorningisverykind.5.Doyouwanttoborrowthebook______coverisblue?cometovisitthiscityeachyearIsawthismorningyouintroducedtomethismorningwho/thatwho/whomwhich/that/略whose4.Ivisitedascientist________nameisknownalloverthecountry.nameisknownalloverthecountry.whosecoverisblue关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词人/物主、宾物主、宾人主、宾人宾人/物定关系副词时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhy思考一：关系代词和关系副词如何选择？1.Thereason_______hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.2.Thereason____________hegaveussoundedreasonable.3.I’llneverforgettheday____________wespenttogetherinParis.4.I’llremembertheday________westayedtogetheratthattime.5.Thisisthefactory____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived.引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看_________________________,即把先行词还原到从句中看是作主语、宾语还是状语。whythat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhere结论：他们在从句中作什么成份7.(1)Hestilllivesintheroom________windowfacestothesouth.(2)Hestilllivesintheroom_________isinthenorthofthecity.whosewhich8.(1)Iwillneverforgetthedays______westudiedtogether.(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays______wespenttogether.whenthat9.(1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.(2)Thereason_________heexplainedisnottrue.whythat(1)Theschool___________heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschool___________heoncestudiedisveryfamous.(2)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine__________youaskedfor.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine____________youasked.(3)We'llgotohearthefamoussinger_______________wehaveoftentalkedabout.We'llgotohearthefamoussinger____________wehaveoftentalked.that/whichinwhichthat/whichforwhichwhom/that/whoaboutwhom思考二：介词+关系代词中,介词如何选择?关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定1.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms______whichI’mnotsure.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配2.1949wastheyear______whichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯2.Isthatthenewspaper____whichyouoftenwritearticles?根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系foraboutinthenewspaperhowtousethesetheyearidioms1.Thisisthecar__whichIboughtlastyear.2.Thisisthecar____whichIpaid100$.3.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.4.Thisisthecar____whichIgotoworkeveryday.5.Thisisthecar______whichIcan’tgotowork.6.Thisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.7.Thisisthecar____whichaboythrewastone.8.Thisisthecar______whichwetalked.9.Thisisthecar____whichthewindowwasbroken./foroninwithoutbyataboutof=thewindowofwhich=whosewindow11.Helovedhisparentsdeeply,_______whomareverykindtohim.(父母俩都…)12.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,_______whichhavegonebad.13.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,__________whomarefrombigcities.bothofsomeof（其中有些…）mostof(他们中的大部分…)启示：1.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用______不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用______,不可用that.关系代词是所有格时用_____。2.当先行词是表示时间，地点，原因的名词时，on/in/at/forwhich=_________________when/where/whywhomwhichwhose思考三：as/which有何特殊性?1.Thisisthesamepen_____Iboughtyesterday。2.Heisthesameperson____gavemehelpyesterday.3.Iwanttohavesuchadictionary_____hehas.4.ThiswassointerestingabookasIcan’tputdown.5.ThiswassointerestingabookthatIcouldn’tputitdown.asas1.先行词被_______________修饰了的时候用as但thesame…as…thesame…that…有区别总结：thesame,such,sothat1.Thisisthesamepen_____Iboughtyesterday。2.Heisthesameperson____gavemehelpyesterday.1.Iwanttohavesuchadictionary_____hehas.•3._____weexpect,wewonthegame.•4._____isknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinour•class.•2.as引导的定语从句可放在_______________•3.as译为____________。•4.as用于固定用法中AsAs句首，句中，句末正如，好像5.Hemarriedher,_________wasnatural.as/which6.Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,________madehisteacherveryangry.7.Tomsuddenlyfellill,________madeussad.whichwhich1.which引导的定语从句只能放在__________2.当主句和从句之间存在逻辑上的__________时，关系词往往只用which.因果关系结论：句末2.定语从句和并列句1.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesofthetreeswereblackwithdisease.Isawsometrees,theleavesof________wereblackwithdisease.2.Theprofessorisanordinary-lookinglittleman,butonhisnosethereisapairofgoldenglasses.Theprofessorisanordinary-lookinglittleman,onthenoseof__________thereisapairofgoldenglasses.结论：是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的一个关键whichwhom3.定语从句和状语从句(1)Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanliftit.Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanlift.(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer___________hecaneasilyfindit.Pleaseputtheletter_________hecaneasilyfindit.结论：定语从句中的关系词在从句中要作一个成分状语从句中的引导词是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分thatasinwhichwhere(=where)7.定语从句和强调句(1)Itisinthisroom______Ilivedlastyear.Itistheroom_______________Ilivedlastyear.(2)Itwasatseveno’clock________hewenttoschoolthismorning.Itwasseveno’clock_______hewenttoschoolthismorning.(3)ItwasinBeihaiParkwheretheymetforthefirsttimethattheoldcoupletoldustheirlovestory结论：强调句句型：Itis/was+被强调的成