车辆工程毕业设计133三轴五档手动变速器设计

I毕业设计题目三轴五档手动变速器设计专业机械设计制造及其自动化学号学生指导教师答辩日期2014-5-25手动三轴五档变速器II摘要本设计的任务是设计一台用于轿车上的五档手动变速器。合理的设计和布置变速器能使发动机功率得到最合理的利用，从而提高汽车动力性和经济性。变速传动机构的主要作用是改变转距和转速的数值和方向；操纵机构的主要作用是控制传动机构，实现变速器传动比的改变，即实现换挡，以达到变速变距。本文参阅了国内外大量文献，首先简单地叙述了机械式变速器的发展历史、变速器的地位和作用，讨论了其现状以及未来发展趋势。进而研究了机械式变速器的基本结构和变速原理，其中重点研究了传动机构（主要是轴和齿轮）的基本结构、特点及工作原理，对机械式变速器各挡传动路线进行了简要分析。文章包括大量的计算过程，具体内容有：变速器的布置方案分析、变速器回转件结构参数的确定、同步器的结构及工作原理、各挡齿轮的强度校核、轴的强度校核、轴承的使用寿命计算等。关键词齿轮、同步器、变速器IIIAbstractThisdesigntaskistodesignacarforfivemanualshifttransmission.Reasonabledesignanddecoratetransmissioncanmaketheenginepowertogetthemostreasonableuseof,soastoimprovethedynamicperformanceandfueleconomycars.Variablespeedtransmission'smainfunctionistochangethetorqueandspeedofnumericalanddirection;Operationisthemainpurposeofcontroltransmissionmechanism,realizethetransmissionratioofthegearboxchange,whichrealizetheshift,inordertoachievethechangefromthespeed.Thisarticlerefertothedomesticandforeignmanypapers,andfirstsimplydescribesthemechanicaltransmissionofthehistory,thestatusandeffectofthetransmission,anddiscusseditspresentsituationandfuturedevelopmenttrend.Andthenwestudythebasicstructureofthemechanicaltransmissionandvariablespeedprinciple,whichfocusonthetransmissionmechanism(mainlyshaftandgear)thebasicstructure,characteristicandworkprinciple,mechanicaltransmissionofeachblocktransmissionlinearebrieflyanalyzed.Thearticlesincludedalargeamountofcalculationprocess,andthespecificcontents:thelayoutoftransmissionanalysis,thetransmissionstructureparametedeterminationofturningasynchronizer,thestructureandtheworkingprinciple,eachblockofthegearaxisstrengthcheck,theintensity,theservicelifeofthebearingscalculations,etc.KeywordsGear,Shaft,Synchronizer,ThreeaxisfivegearIII目录摘要..................................................................................................................IAbstract...........................................................................................................III第1章绪论.....................................................................................................11.1本设计的目的和意义....................................11.2变速器的发展..........................................11.3变速器的设计要求.......................................31.4设计内容与思路........................................31.4.1设计内容.........................................31.4.2设计思路.........................................41.5本章小结..............................................4第2章变速器的整体结构方案设计.............................................................42.1变速器传动机构的型式选择与结构分析.....................52.1.1变速器传动方案的比较.............................52.1.2倒档的布置方案...................................62.2本章小结...............................................7第3章变速器主要参数的选择与齿轮设计...................................................83.1变速器主要参数的选择...................................93.1.1档位数和传动比...................................93.1.2中心距..........................................103.1.3齿轮模数........................................113.1.4压力角α、螺旋角β和齿宽b.......................113.1.5齿轮的变位系数..................................123.2各档传动比及其齿轮齿数的确定..........................133.2.1确定一档齿轮的齿数..............................133.2.2确定常啮合齿轮副的齿数..........................143.2.3确定其他档位的齿数..............................143.2.4确定倒档齿轮的齿数..............................153.2.5确定齿轮轮齿尺寸................................153.3本章小结..............................................15第4章变速器齿轮的强度计算与材料选择.................................................164.1齿轮的主要失效形式....................................164.2齿轮的强度计算及材料接触应力..........................174.2.1齿轮弯曲强度计算................................174.2.2齿轮材料接触应力................................194.3本章小结..............................................21第5章变速器轴的设计与校核.....................................................................22手动三轴五档变速器IV5.1变速器轴的结构和尺寸..................................225.1.1轴的结构........................................225.1.2轴的尺寸........................................225.2轴的校核..............................................235.2.1第一轴的强度与刚度校核..........................235.2.2第二轴的强度与刚度校核..........................245.3本章小结..............................................26第6章变速器同步器与操纵机构的设计....................................................276.1同步器设计............................................276.1.1同步器的工作原理................................276.1.2同步环主要参数的确定............................286.2变速器的操纵机构......................................306.2.1操纵机构的功用..................................306.2.2操纵机构的设计要求..............................306.2.3变速器的换档位置................................316.3本章小结..............................................32第7章轴承的选用与寿命计算.....................................................................327.1第一轴轴承选用与计算.................................327.2第二轴轴承选用与计算..................................337.3本章小结..............................................34结论...............................................................................................................40致谢.........................................................