绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品贸易的影响及对策研究(确认打

I摘要随着多边贸易谈判的不断深入，关税壁垒这一传统的贸易保护措施逐渐失去了效力，取而代之的是形形色色的各种非关税壁垒。其中，绿色贸易壁垒已成为我国农产品出口的最大障碍。我国是一个农业大国，农产品在我国的对外出口贸易中占有重要地位。美、日、欧盟等发达国家和地区是我国农产品出口的主要市场，而我国农产品出口屡屡遭受绿色贸易壁垒障碍。绿色贸易壁垒的设置加大了我国农产品出口的难度，削弱了我国劳动密集型农产品在国际上的优势，增加了农产品的生产成本。因此，在当前新的世界贸易形势下，研究和探讨如何跨越我国农产品出口所遭遇的绿色贸易壁垒，实现农业的可持续发展，已是摆在我们面前的一项现实而紧迫的课题。本文首先阐述了选题的背景和意义，国内外的研究状况；并且对绿色贸易壁垒进行了限定。在研究绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品贸易的影响之前，第三章分析了我国农产品出口遭遇绿色壁垒的现状及原因。第四章为本文的重点，着重分析了绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口贸易的影响。本章结合我国的实际情况，运用经济学理论机制对其影响进行分析；同时，结合案例和数据对我国农产品出口数量的变化量化测定，在消极影响和积极影响两方面进行了分析与阐述。结合我国农产品出口遭遇绿色贸易壁垒的原因，以及针对绿色贸易壁垒对我国出口贸易的影响,第五章提出了我国农产品出口应对绿色壁垒的对策，从我国农产品自身因素和外身因素两大方面进行分析。在外身因素方面，又分为政府的对策与企业的对策，最终，比较详尽地提出了可行的对策。关键词：绿色贸易壁垒，影响，对策IIResearchontheInfluenceoftheGreenTradeBarriersonChina'sAgriculturalProductsTradeandCountermeasuresAbstractWiththedeepeningofthemultilateraltradenegotiations,thetariffbarriersastradeprotectivemeasureshavegraduallylosttheirpotencyandreplacedbyvariouskindsofnon-tariffbarriers.TheGreenTradeBarrierhasbecomethebiggestobstacletoChina'sAgriculturalProductsExportation.Asalargeagriculturalcountry,agriculturalproductplaysanimportantroleinChina’sexportation.UnitedStates,Japan,theEuropeanUnionandotherdevelopedcountriesandregionsaremajorexportmarketsforChineseagriculturalproducts.WhileexportingofChineseagriculturalproductsareobstructedrepeatedlybytheGreenTradeBarrier.TheexistenceofGreenTradeBarrieraddstodifficultforexportingofChineseagriculturalproducts,weakenstheadvantageofChineselabor-intensiveagriculturalproductsinworldmarket,andincreasesthecostofagriculturalproduction.Therefore,underthecurrentsituationoftheworldtrade,itisanrealisticandurgentsubjecttostudyandexplorehowtostepoverthegreentradebarrierstoChineseagriculturalproductsandachievesustainabledevelopment.Thisarticlefirstexpatiatesonthebackgroundandsignificanceoftheresearch,andtheresearchstatusathomeandabroad,besidestheGreenTradeBarriershavebeendefined.BeforethestudyoftheimpactofChina’sagriculturaltradewhichsufferedfromtheGreenTradeBarriers,ChapterIIIanalyzesthecausesandthestatusquoswhenouragriculturalexportssufferedfromtheGreenTradeBarriers.ChapterIVasthefocusofthispaperwillfocusonanalyzingtheimpactoftheGreenTradeBarriersonChina’sagriculturalexportstrade.Thischapter,combinedwithChina’sactualconditions,useeconomictheorytoanalyzetheimpactsoftheGreenTradeBarriersonChina’sagriculturalexports;Atthesametime,combinedwiththecasesanddataonChina’sagriculturalexportstoquantifychangesinthenumberofDetermination,andanalyzedandexplaineditinthenegativeimpactsandpositiveimpacts.CombiningwiththecausesofChina’sagriculturalexportswhichencounteredtheGreenTradeBarriers,aswellasaimingattheimpactsoftheGreenTradeBarriersonChina’sexporttrade,thefifthchapterputforwardsomeChina’sagriculturalexportscountermeasurestodealwiththeGreenTradeBarriers,沈阳工业大学硕士学位论文IIIanalysiswhichfromtwofactorsincludingownfactorsandoutsidefactorsofChina’sagriculturalproducts.OutsidefactorsarealsodividedintotheGovernment’scountermeasuresandenterprises’countermeasures.Ultimately，thischapterputforwardviablecountermeasuresindetail.KeyWords：TheGreenTradeBarrier，Influence，CountermeasuresI目录摘要..............................................................................................................................IAbstract.................................................................................................................................II第一章绪论.........................................................................................................................11.1选题意义和背景.....................................................................................................11.2国内外研究状况.....................................................................................................21.2.1绿色贸易壁垒的国内研究状况..................................................................31.2.2绿色贸易壁垒的国外研究状况..................................................................5第二章绿色贸易壁垒概况.................................................................................................92.1绿色贸易壁垒产生和发展....................................................................................92.2绿色贸易壁垒内容................................................................................................92.2.1绿色贸易壁垒基本特征.............................................................................92.2.2绿色贸易壁垒的表现形式.......................................................................10第三章我国农产品出口遭遇绿色贸易壁垒的现状及原因...........................................123.1我国农产品出口遭遇的国外的主要绿色贸易壁垒..........................................123.1.1欧盟的主要绿色贸易壁垒.......................................................................123.1.2美国的主要绿色贸易壁垒.......................................................................123.1.3日本的主要绿色贸易壁垒.......................................................................133.2我国遭遇绿色贸易壁垒的主要农产品..............................................................133.3我国农产品出口受到绿色贸易壁垒冲击的原因..............................................153.2.1外部原因....................................................................................