外研版 高中英语第 三册五模块 语法定语从句

ModuletwoGreatPeopleandGreatInventionofAncientChinaGrammar----theattributiveclausesShangdongprovinceNingjinmiddleschoolNo.1byDongZhenlin1.平等的adj____n.____adv.___2.仁政的重要性________3.ordera)秩序：把某物放好;井井有条;乱七八糟\出故障。b)命令：命令某人做某事c)订购，订单：向某人订购某物4.从某处辞职5.对……有影响6.说实话7.与某人争论某事8.信仰9.与……相似10.与……交战11.抚养12.采纳某人的建议13.因此I.ReviewtheimportantwordsII.Completethefollowingsentences1.Toyotahadtorecallmorethan75thousandcarsforthesameaccelerationpedalproblem(加速油门踏板问题)______________________(在公众的压力之下)。2.PremierWenJiabao_____________________________(强调公平的重要性)inthe11thNationalPeople‘sCongress.underthestressofthepubllicstressedtheimportanceofequalityIII.Reviewtheimportantsentencesinthecontext1.AncientChinawasaplace______________________________.(各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。)2.Butitwasalsoatime___________________________.(有许多哲学家的时期。)3.Confusiusisthephilosopher_________________________.(他的影响是最大的。)4.Moziwasanotherteacher________________.(极具影响力的先哲。)5.Hecamefromafamily______________.(贫寒之家。)wherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachotherwhenthereweremanygreatphilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatestwhowasveryinfluentialwhichwasverypoor定语从句的基础知识-句子成分定语从句与句子成分的关系定语从句的构成和用法知识运用和09年各地试题赏析定语从句的回顾和总结简单句的五种基本句型与句子成分(1)主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)Theweatherisverycold.(2)主语+不及物动词(S+Vi)Helaughed.(3)主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)IlikeChinesefood.(4)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Shetaughtthemphysics.(5)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.请说出下列句子类型。1.Summeriscoming.2.Theywon’tletmego.3.HeshowedmeanewTVset.4.Sheknowswhattodo.5.Theweatherisverycold.S+ViS+V+CS+V+IO+DOS+V+OS+V+P句子的基本成分一.基础知识1.句子成分的划分：主、谓、宾、定、状、补、同位语、表语⑴Heisastudent.（astudent是表语）主谓⑵HelikesEnglish.主谓宾⑶Thisdictionarylooksbeautifulontheshelf.(this作定语)主谓状⑷Heisstudyingherenow.主谓状状⑸Westudentsmadehimmonitor.主谓宾宾补⑹Tomisfairlycareless.Strangely,hedrivesverycarefully.(fairly和very是状语)主谓状主谓状各成分的定义主语是句子所要说明的对象(人或物),是句子的主体谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。一般由动词充当宾语及物动词或介词的对象定语是用来限定名词或代词的成分状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的成分补语补充说明主语或宾语的成分表语连系动词后表示主语的身份或特征的成分同位语位于名词、代词后说明它们性质特征back思考?句子的基本成分与复合句的关系英语中的复合句中的表语从句，宾语从句，定语从句与句子成分的关系是怎样的呢？李老师给我的第一印象是他是害羞的和紧张的。MyfirstimpressionofMrs.liisgreat.主+系动词+表语MyfirstimpressionofMrs.liisthatshewasnervousandshy.我们看到了被遗弃的在一百多年前建立的农场。Wesawabandonedfarms（whichwerebuiltmorethan100yearsago）定语从句与句子成分的关系指出下列各从句的类型：Ihopethateverythingisallright.ShewasreadingthenewspaperwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.Conclusion:从句在主句中做什么成分就是什么从句宾语从句状语从句定语从句backtheattributiveclause定语从句（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分e.g.Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhascome.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3．which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday4．that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.Theperson(that/whom)youintroducedtomeisverykind.Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.5．whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.（三）关系副词引导的定语从句1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallyarrived.2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Ivisitedthefarmwherealotofcowswereraised.3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。Fromtheyearswhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoprimaryschoolinthecountryhehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewupGreatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive.Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.back1.Theman__________spokeatthemeetingthismorningisafamouslawyer.2.Thegirl_______________yousawjustnowisjane.3.Thisisabook__________waswritteninEnglishbyateacher.4.Thepicture___________hedrawinthe1980aisareonshow.5.Thebook_______coverisredismine.比较：thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.thisisthebookisblue.Haveatry!who/thatwhom/that/whowhich/thatwhich/thatwhosethecoverofwhich(主语)（宾语）(主语)（宾语）（定语）1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,___surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.（05浙江）A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2.They’vewontheirlastthreematches.____（做宾语）Ifindabitsurprisingactually.（2009年辽宁卷）A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which3．Manychildren，__parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage．(2009年安徽卷)A．theirB．whoseC．ofthemD．withwhom4.Mozart’sbirthplaceandthehouse______hecomposed“TheMagicFlute”arebothmuseumsnow.(2009年上海卷)A.WhereB.whenC.thereD.which5.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone__local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight