状语从句主谓成分的省略

状语从句主谓成分的省略状语从句主谓成分的省略是英语语言在使用过程中出现的一种较普遍的语法现象，它能使语言言简意赅。ThoughunderstandingnoChinese,theAmericangirlwasabletocommunicatewiththeotherstudentsinherclass.Whenaskingtheteacher,hewasverypolite.Untilfinished,theproblemwasacontinuousworrytome.He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.一、状语从句主谓成分的省略，须遵循下面原则：（一）当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可以省略主语，从句的谓语动词采用其V-ing结构。例如：Althoughworkingveryhard,hefailedinthefinalexam.(Althoughheworkedveryhard,…)Aftertakingthemedicine,shefeltmuchbetter.(Aftershetookthemedicine,…)Ifgoingtherebyair,we’llhavetopaytwicethefare.(Ifwegotherebyair,…)（二）当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是系动词be或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。常见于以下几种形式:1、连词+形容词Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去逛商店。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。Shehurriedoutoftheroom,asif(shewas)angry.2、连词+名词While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Hecouldwritepoemswhen(hewas)yetachild.3、连词+现在分词While(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。Theboyisrunningimpatientlyhereandthereasif(heis)searchingforsomethinglostonthesportsground.这男孩很不耐心地在操场上到处跑着仿佛在找什么东西。4连词+过去分词If(itis)wellread,thebookwillgiveyoumuchtothink.Unless(theywere)askedtoanswerquestions,thestudentswerenotsupposedtotalkinProf.Li’sclass.5连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.当时他站起来好像要说什么。Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。6、连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。Helookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.他到处看似乎在找什么东西。Hecameacrossthepicturewhile(hewas)onavisittoNewYork.（三）若从句的主语和主句的主语不一致，但和主句的宾语一致时，从句中的主语和be动词亦常可省略。例如：Fatheradvisedmenottosayanythinguntil(Iwas)asked.Grannytoldthechildrennottotalkwhile(theywere)eating.（四）当从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be或包含be的某种形式时,it和be常可同时省略。例如:If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。二、从状语从句的类别看，此种省略常见于一下几种情形（一）时间状语从句常用于由when,while,before,after,whenever,till,until,since,once,assoonas等引导的时间状语从句。When(shewas)veryyoung,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。Whenarriving,sendmeatelegram.(Whenyouarrive,sendmeatelegram.)到达之后，来个电报。While(Iwas)atcollege,Ibegantoknowhim,astrangebutablestudent.我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。Beforeleaving,turnoffallthelights.(Beforeyouleave,turnoffallthelights.)走之前，请关闭所有的灯。Whenever(itis)possible,youshouldcomeandhelp.不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。Don’tcomeinuntil(youare)askedto.不叫你请你不要进来。Youshouldletusknowtheresultassoonas(itis)possible.你应尽快让我们知道结果。（二）让步状语从句常用于由though,although,evenif,eventhough,while,whether…or…等引导的让步状语从句。Heisagoodman,thoughsometimes(heis)ratherdull.他真是个好人，尽管有时有点无聊。Although(hewas)frightened,hemanagedtoranaway.Evenif(Iam)invitedto,Iwon’tgotosuchabadlecture.即使邀我去，我都不想听如此坏的报告。Heropinion,whether(itwas)rightorwrong,deservedourattention.（三）条件状语从句常用于由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。Sendthegoodsnowif(theyare)ready.货物如果准备好了，请送过来。Hewillcomeif(heis)asked.如果叫他来，他就来。If(itis)necessary,ringmeathome.如果有可能，朝我家里打电话。Comealongwithmeif(itis)possible.如果有可能和我一起去吧.。If(itis)true,thiswillcauseusalotoftrouble.如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。Youshouldstaywhereyouare,unless(youare)askedtoleave.你应呆在你现在的地方不动，除非叫你动。（四）方式状语从句常用于由asif,asthough等引导的方式状语从句。Heactsasif(hewere)afool.他的行为举止好象是个傻子。Heopenedthedesk,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.他打抽屉仿佛要找一件什么重要的东西。Thefootballplayerisrollingonthegroundasif(heis)hurtbadlyintheleg.足球运动员在操场上打着滚似乎他的腿伤得厉害。（五）比较状语从句常用于以下结构。Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.这次展览比被预料的有趣的多Shehasfinishedtheworkearlierthan(ithasbeen)expected.她这项工作比预料的提前完成。（六）地点状语从句常用于where(ver)possible,where(ver)necessary等结构：Putinarticleswherevernecessaryinthefollowingpassages.在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。