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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 资本运营 > 新初二英语阅读理解猜测词义题
如何猜测阅读理解题中的生词词义词汇是阅读理解的基础的基础。我们必须掌握教材中所学所有的单词和词组;了解构词法知识,如熟记一些常见的前缀、后缀,以及词语的合成和转化等;并且要进行大量的课外阅读扩大自己的词汇量。尽管如此,在阅读中还是不可避免会遇到生词或者熟词生义,因此,我们必须学会如何猜测词义。任何一个词语,在一定的上下文中只能表示一个确定的词义。据此,我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义,即从已知推求未知,也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。猜测词义时,我们可以从以下几个方面来考虑:一、根据定义或解释猜测词义Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.Whatdoestheword“carpenter”meaninChinese?A.诗人B.木匠C.厨师D.伐木工人通过理解定语从句的意思,能猜出carpenter是B“木匠”Abagisusefulandtheword“bag”isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases(短语).Oneis“toletthecatoutofthebag”.Itisthesameas“totellasecret”….Nowwhensomeoneletsout(泄漏)asecret,he“letsthecatoutofthebag.”John“letsthecatoutofthebag”meanshe______.A.makeseveryoneknowasecretB.thewomanboutacatC.buysacatinthebagD.sellsthecatinthebag在这篇文章里,“letthecatoutofthebag”虽然是一个新出现的短语,但紧接着后面就给出解释Itisthesameas“totellasecret”根据这一解释,我们就可判断出正确答案应为A。二、根据情景和逻辑进行判断Astheygoaroundtown,thepolicehelppeople.Sometimestheyfindlostchildren.Theytakethechildrenhome.Ifthepoliceseeafight,theyputanendtoitrightaway.Sometimespeoplewillaskthepolicehowtogettoaplaceintown.Thepolicecanalwaystellthepeoplewhichwaytogo.Theyknowallthestreetsandroadswell.Inthetext,“putanendto”means“______”.A.StopB.CutC.KillD.fly根据文章所提供的情景,如果警察看到有人在打架,他们肯定会去制止。因为制止打架斗殴是警察的职责。根据这一推理,答案应该是A。三、根据并列或同位或对比关系猜测词义Thereisaplaceonourearthwherehotwaterandsteamcomeupundertheground.ItisonalargeislandinthePacificOcean.TheislandisNorthIslandinNewZealand.Whatdoestheword“steam”meaninChinese?A.自来水B.大气C.冰川D.蒸汽从语法上看,steam和hotwater是并列关系,我们就以断定这两种东西是相关的,是同一类物质。在所给第四个选项中只有“蒸汽”有这种可能。ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Whatdoestheword“grubby”meaninChinese?A.干净的B.白皙的C.肮脏的D.整齐的和clean意思相对的是“肮脏的”,因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”四、根据因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如:Youshouldn'thaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasn'thisfault.Whatdoestheword“blame”meaninChinese?A.表扬B.告诉C.责备D.原谅通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可知blame的词义是责备。Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.Whatdoestheword“trim”meaninChinese?根据because从句所讲的意思,我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意五、根据构词法知识猜测词义根据学过的构词法知识,知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义,(dis-disadvantage(缺点)in-incorrect(不正确的)im-impossible(不可能的)un-unemployment(失业)mis-misunderstand(误解)Re-reuse(重复使用)就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。例如:ThecolorsofHawaiiinSummerareunforgettable.Whatdoestheword“unforgettable”meaninChinese?A.淡忘的B.清晰的C.难忘的D.高兴的利用构词法常识和我们已熟悉的词forget,我们可以知道unforgettable就是“令人难忘的”意思。六、根据背景和常识判断ThefollowingmorningwhenIwenttoseehowmycaptive(caged)birdwasdoing,Idiscovereditonthefloorofthecage,dead.Iwasterriblysurprised!Whathadhappened!Ihadtakenextremelycareofmylittlebird.ArthurWayne,thefamousornithologist,whohappenedtobevisitingmyfatheratthetime,hearingmecryingoverthedeathofmybird,explainedwhathadhappened.“Amothermockingbird,findingheryounginacage,willsometimesbringitpoisonberries(毒莓).Shethinksitbetterforheryoungtodiethantoliveincaptivity.”Anornithologist['ɔrnɪ'θɑlədʒɪst]isprobablyapersonwho______.A.studiesbirdsB.lovescreaturesC.majorsinhabitsD.takescareoftreesOrnithologist这个词从来没有见到过,但是通过他的语言我们可以判断出这是一个对鸟很有研究的人。我很爱鸟,把鸟装在笼子里,并细心照料,而且鸟的母亲也飞过来喂这只鸟,但这只鸟却死了,我很不理解。到我家来的这个人给我详细解释了鸟死的原因,说明这个人非常懂鸟。据此,我们可以断定答案是A。A.阅读以下名片,并回答问题(建议只看一遍)ChaoyangForeignLanguageSchoolHarryGreenEnglishTeacherAdd:38ChaoyangStreetBeijing100029E-mail:chinlj@sohu.comTel:(010)65794231BeijingChildrenHospitalZhangjingDoctorAdd:56NanlishiRoadBeijing100045Tel:(010)68028401()1.Harryisa________,andZhangjingisa________.A.teacher,teacherB.doctor,doctorC.teacher,doctor()2.Ifchildisill,youmaycallZhangjing.Hertelephonenumberis_______A.(010)6594231B.(010)68028401C.100029()3.Acardmainlytellsusaperson's_____.A.nameandworkB.telephonenumberC.bothAandB()4.HarryGreene-mailis_________.A.chinlj@sohu.comB.chanlj@soh.comC.chinj@sohu.com()5.ZhangJing'spostalcodeis_____.A.100045B.100029C.(010)68028401答案CBCAA这道题,建议只看一遍是为了测试看你的瞬间记忆能力如何,在实际的日常生活中,我们经常会遇到类似的问题。阅读第一篇常考,简单,快速,用时少B.Mostpeoplewhoworkintheofficehaveaboss(老板).SodoI(我也是).Butmybossisalittleunusual.What'sunusualabouthim?It'sabigdig.Manymenhavedogs,butfewmenbringtheirdogstotheofficeeveryday.Myboss'sdog,Robinson,isbigandbrown.Mybossbringshimtoworkeveryday.Hetakesthedogtomeetingsandhetakesthedogtolunch.Whenthereistelephonecallformyboss,Ialwaysknowifheisintheoffice.Ionlylookunderhisdesk.IfIseesomethingbrownandhairy(毛绒绒的)underit,Iknowmybossissomewhereintheoffice.Ifthereisnodog,Iknowmybossisout.1.People_________bringdogstotheoffice.A.usuallyB.oftenC.seldom(几乎不)D.sometimes2.MybossisRobinson's________.A.bossB.masterC.classmateD.teacher3.Robinsongoestomeetings_________myboss.A.forB.withoutC.insteadof(代替)D.with4.Robinsonisalwaysunderthedeskifthebossis_________.A.intheofficeB.atmeetingsC.outoftheofficeD.outofwork5.Thepassagetellsustheboss_________thedogverymuch.A.lookslikeB.hates(恨)C.likesD.trust(信任)答案CBDAC1.由日常生活的常识可知,很少有人带狗上班2.通读全文,我的BOSS是个人,也就是说是狗的主人3.with有“跟某人一起”的意思,例如:Igotoseeafilmwithmyparents.”5.通过整篇文章的阅读,可以判断除了C外,其他的选项都不符合原文的意思C.WhenpeoplemeeteachotherforthefirsttimeinBritain,theysay“Howdoyoudo?”andshakehands(握手).Usuallytheydonotsh
本文标题:新初二英语阅读理解猜测词义题
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