商业银行经营评价模板1254

第二章商业银行经营评价•BalanceSheet•IncomeStatement•RelationshipbetweenBalanceSheetandIncomeStatement•ReturnonEquityModel•股份制商业银行风险评级体系(04年2月22日)•PerformanceCharacteristicsofDifferent-sizedBanksBalanceSheet•Itisastatementoffinancialpositionlistingassetsowned,liabilitiesowed,andowner’sequityasofaspecificdate.•Assets=Liabilities+Equity.•Balancesheetfiguresarecalculatedataparticularpointintimeandthusrepresentstockvalues.ChinaBigFourBanks(12/31/2002)v.s.AllUSBanks(12/31/2002)Asset(%)Liabilities(%)CNUSCNUSLoans60.261.4Deposits81.465.8Investments6.623.1Borrowings14.927.2Cash24.89.1Other8.47.4Capital3.87.1Total100100Total100100PNCBank(12/31/2000,TA:63bn)v.s.CommunityNationalBank(12/31/00,TA:0.1bn)Asset(%)Liabilities(%)PNCCNBPNCCNBLoans78.064.9Deposits72.891.7Investments8.725.6Borrowings18.91.0Cash5.65.7Other7.73.9Capital8.37.3Total100100Total100100BankAssets:Loans•Loansarethemajorassetinmostbanks’portfoliosandgeneratethegreatestamountofincomebeforeexpensesandtaxes.•Theyalsoexhibitthehighestdefaultriskandarerelativelyilliquid.Loans:Categories•Realestateloans•Commercialloans•Loanstoindividuals•Agriculturalloans•Otherloansindomesticoffices•Loansandleasesinforeignoffices•Threeadjustments–Leases;Unearnedincome;LossallowancePNCandCNB:Loanportfolio(2000)PNCCNBRealestate37.037.0Commercial28.819.4Individuals5.64.3Agricultural0.00Domesticother7.34.7International0.50Unearnedincome-0.20Lossallowance-1.0-0.5Total78.064.9BankAssets:Investmentsecurities•Investmentsecuritiesareheldto–earninterest,–helpmeetliquidityneeds–speculateoninterestratemovements–serveaspartofabank’sdealerfunctions.•Theadministrationandtransactioncostsareextremelylow.BankAssets:Investmentsecurities•Short-terminvestments–Interest-bearingbankbalances(depositsduefromotherbanks)–federalfundssold–securitiespurchasedunderagreementtoresell(RPs)–Treasurybills–municipaltaxwarrants•Long-terminvestment:notesandbonds–Treasurysecurities–Obligationsoffederalagencies–Mortgage-backed,foreign,andcorporateBankAssets:Noninterestcashandduefrombanks•Itconsistsof–vaultcash,–depositsheldatFederalReserveBanks–depositsheldatotherfinancialinstitutions–cashitemsintheprocessofcollection•Theseassetsareheldto–meetcustomerwithdrawalneeds–meetlegalreserverequirements–assistincheckclearingandwiretransfers–effectthepurchaseandsaleofTreasurysecuritiesBankAssets:Otherassets•Otherassetsareresidualassetsofrelativelysmallmagnitudessuchas–bankersacceptances–premisesandequipment–otherrealestateownedandothersmalleramountsBankLiabilities•Thecharacteristicsofvariousdebtinstrumentsdifferintermsof–check-writingcapabilities–interestpaid–maturity–whethertheycarryFDICinsurance–whethertheycanbetradedinthesecondarymarket.Bankliabilities:Deposits•Demanddeposits–transactionsaccountsthatpaynointerest•Negotiableordersofwithdrawal(NOWs)andautomatictransfersfromsavings(ATS)accounts–payinterestsetbyeachbankwithoutfederalrestrictions•Moneymarketdepositaccounts(MMDAs)–paymarketrates,butacustomerislimitedtonomorethansixchecksorautomatictransferseachmonthBankliabilities:Deposits•Twogeneraltimedepositscategoriesexist:–Timedepositsinexcessof$100,000,labeledjumbocertificatesofdeposit(CDs).–SmallCDs,consideredcoredepositswhichtendtobestabledepositsthataretypicallynotwithdrawnovershortperiodsoftime.•Depositsheldinforeignoffices–balancesissuedbyabanksubsidiarylocatedoutsidetheU.S.Coredoposits•Coredepositsarestabledepositsthatarenothighlyinterestrate-sensitive.–Coredepositsaremoresensitivetothefeescharged,servicesrendered,andlocationofthebank.–Coredepositsinclude:demanddeposits,NOWaccounts,MMDAs,andsmalltimedeposits.Borrowings(volatilefunds)•Large,orvolatile,borrowingsareliabilitiesthatarehighlyrate-sensitive.–Normallyissuedinuninsureddenominations.–Theirabilitytoborrowissensitivetothemarketsperceptionoftheirassetquality.–Volatileliabilitiesornetnon-coreliabilitiesinclude:•largeCDs(over100,000)•depositsinforeignoffices•federalfundspurchased•repurchaseagreements•otherborrowingswithmaturitieslessthanoneyearCapital:Subordinatednotesanddebentures•Notesandbondswithmaturitiesinexcessofoneyear.–Long-termuninsureddebt.•Mostmeetrequirementsasbankcapitalforregulatorypurposes.•Unlikedeposits,thedebtisnotfederallyinsuredandclaimsofbondholdersaresubordinatedtoclaimsofdepositors.Capital:Stockholders'equity•Ownershipinterestinthebank.•Commonandpreferredstockarelistedatpar•Surplusaccountrepresentstheamountofproceedsreceivedbythebankinexcessofparwhenitissuedthestock.IncomeStatement•Itisafinancialstatementshowingasummaryofafirm’sfinancialoperationsforaspecificperiod,includingnetprofitorlossfortheperiodinquestion.•Abank’sincomestatementreflectsthefinancialnatureofbanking,asinterestonloansandinvestmentscomprisesthebulkofrevenue.•Netinterestincomemadeupapproximately77percentofnetrevenueatabankin1981,butonlyabout58percentoftotalnetrevenueattheendof2001.TheIncomestatement+Interestincome(II)-Interestexpense(IE)=NetinterestIncome(NII)+Noninterestincome(OI)-Noninterestexpense(OE)-Loan-lossprovisions(PLL)=Operatingincomebeforesecuritiestransactionsandtaxes+(-)Re