2012高考英语状语从句

一、句子的分类二、并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。三、常见的并列句1．表递进关系：用来表递进关系的并列连词有and，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。2．表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...，otherwise等。Eitheryouareright，orIam.3．表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas，while等。Janesaidshewasill，yetIsawherinthestreetjustnow.简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。4．表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for。TheshopswereclosedsoIdidn'tgetanymilk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶[典例1](2011年高考山东卷)Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften，________you'llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.A．tillB．orC．andD．but[解析]句意：如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。本题所考查的句式为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示条件下的结果，故用and连接；or表示“否则”，与句意不符。[答案]CAdverbialClauses1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）DifferentKindsofAdverbialClauses:2.AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）3.AdverbialClausesofConditions(条件状语从句）4.AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点状语从句）5.AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的状语从句）6.AdverbialClausesofResult（结果状语从句）7.AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较）8.AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步）9.AdverbClausesofManner(方式状语从句)1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas,everytime,eachtime,themoment,bythetime,theminute,immediately,directly,instantly等，当用于assoonas意义时，也可以引导时间状语从句….定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。高考英语状语从句及连接词的应用AdverbialClausesAdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）1.______hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2.________hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang____sheworked.•WhenWhile/Whenas小结:当….的时候当…的时候when★这时,正在这时while★而,然而★既然趁着…的时候当….的时as一边….一边….★随着….4.Therewasanapplause_____________________________________________sheappearedonthestage.themoment(assoonas)theminute/thesecond/immediately/directly/instantly•5.Itwon’tbelong______hefinisheshiswriting.•6.______hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.•7.Itistwoyears______hecamehere.•8.____________________Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.•9._______shetoldme,IhadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaidbeforeAftersinceEverytime/eachtimeUntilwhen:持续性／非持续性动词都可1).当…时2).正在…忽然Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?sb.wasdoing…when…sbwasabouttodo/wasgoingtodo…when…sbhasjustdone…whenwhen=atthistime/atthattime3).还可以表示原因“既然”“考虑到”，相当于since;consideringthat。如：Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyou’vegotsuchagoodonealready?4.既然whileWhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_______)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=________)whenalthoughaslongasas:当；一边…一边；随着＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生＊两个动作同时发生Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.Asthedayswenton,theweathergotbetter.as1.Shesangassheworked.2.Smartasheis,hedoesn’tstudyhard.3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.4.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.beforeItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.肯定句“才”否定句“就”itwillbe+一段时间before......多久之后才...itwon’tbe+一段时间before......不久就....•考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句•1.WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.•2.Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.•3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.•4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.•5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.•语法规则：•everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。•考点:“一…就”“刚….就”•我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）•时态要求：•改错:Ihardlygothomewhenitbegantorain翻译为“刚…就”的连接词有•时态要求：•.IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinShanghai.ˆhad以一般现在时代替将来时主句用haddone,从句用didnosooner...than,hardly...when,scarcely...whentill,until和not…until：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.•1.Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanager’sreply.•A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that2.Itwasnearlyamonth_________Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.3.Itwasnearly9o’clock_________Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.4.Itwasnearlyat9o’clock_________Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.beforewhenthat•考点:易混淆句型•itis+时间+since•before•when•that•Itisfiveyears______hefinishedhisresearch.•Itwasfiveyears______hefinishedhisresearch.•Itwasfiveyearslater_______hefinishedhisresearch.••Itwas5o’clock_____hegothome.•Itwasat5o’clock_____hegothome.whenthatsincebeforethatAdverbialClausesofPlace(地点状语从句）•You’dbettermarkamark______youhaveanyquestion.•You’dbettermarkamarkattheplace______youhaveanyquestion.---Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?---Headvisedmetolive________theairisfresher?A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.wherewherewhereAdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）•1.Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.•2._______youdonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.•3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.•4.__________classisover,let’sgotoplayfootball.•5.Hemustbeill,_____heisabsenttoday.SinceNowthatforbecause,since,as,forbecause—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答whysince–通常放句首．译为“既然”as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱．for–放句中，引导后半句表原因。becau