虚拟语气用法总结超好原创

虚拟语气概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语气。语气分三种：1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。Heislateforclass.Whatfun!Heisnotinterestedinclassicalmusic.2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形）Don'tbelate！3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中主语+did/were主语+should/would/could/might+do主语+haddone主语+1.did2.shoulddo3.weretodo主语+should/would/could/might+havedone主语+should/would/could/might+do1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.3.如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Youdidn'tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.A.drove;didn'tgetB.drove;wouldn'tgetC.weredriving;wouldn'D.haddriven;wouldn'thavegottget________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will注意：1.错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。hadfollowedIfyou____________(follow)myadvicejustwouldbe(be)betternow.now,you_________Ifyou__________(study)hardbefore,youwouldbe(be)acollegestudentnow._______hadstudiedIfyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.A.talked;wouldnotbeB.hadtalked;wouldnotbeC.wouldtalk;wouldnotbeD.hadtalked;wouldnothavebeenIfwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.A.isnotpollutedB.wouldnotbepollutedC.hadnotbeenpollutedD.wouldnothavebeenpolluted2.if从句中，were，had（完成时态标志），should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），if必须省略。否定词not不能放在前面。1.HadInotseenhimthen(Hadn'tIseenhimthen),Iwouldn'thavebeenveryhappy.2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.WereIyou,……3.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.Shoulditrainedtomorrow/Wereittoraintomorrow,4.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……3、含蓄虚拟语气有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有介词with，without，butfor（倘没有，要不是）；连词or，but；副词otherwise等。1.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn‘tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.2.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.3.Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.4.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?5.Without/Butforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,…Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbeButforhishelp,I______.A.shouldnothavesucceededB.havenotsucceededC.didnotsucceedD.hadnotsucceededHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored—Whydidn'tyoubuyit?—I______butIdidn'thavethemoney.A.wouldB.wouldhaveC.hadhadD.hadbought二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.asif/asthough（好像）+从句与现在相反与过去相反与将来相反did/werehaddonewould/could/might+doHelooksasifhewereanartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhehadseenit.(区分evenif/though)注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气），也可不用虚拟语气。Eg.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit______.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken2.Itis(high/about)time(that)sbdid/sbshould（不可省略）+do该是某人做某事的时候了。Itishightimethatyougotup/shouldgetup.I'mgettingtired;it'stimewe_____home.A.goB.aregoingC.wentD.shouldbegoing3.wish/ifonly(要是……就好了）+从句与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反haddone（或用couldhavedone）与将来事实相反could/would/might+doIwish(that)he________________(visit)ustomorrow.visitedIwish(that)he_________(visit)ustoday.hadvisitedus/couldhavevisitedusIwishhe____________________________(visit)usyesterday.hadlistenedIfonlyyou_____________（listen)toouradvice!wereIfonlyI_____(be)abird!would/could/mightvisit4.在wouldrather+宾语从句中与现在或将来事实相反与过去事实相反did/werehaddone即：wouldrathersbdid/haddonecameIwouldratheryou______(come)heretomorrow.hadn'ttoldIwouldratheryou__________(nottell)methetruth.5.用于表示建议（advise/suggest/propose/recommend）命令(order/command)要求(demand/require/request/desire)坚持要求(insist)等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：sb（should）+do1.Isuggestedthathe(should)gothereatonce.(宾语从句)2.Myadviceisthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.3.Imadeasuggestionthathe------(同位语从句)4.Itissuggestedthathe------(主语从句)5.Mysuggestionwasthathe-----(表语从句)区别：Thisisthesuggestionthat/whichhemadeatthemeeting.(定语从句)Theofficergavetheorderthatnothing____untilthepeoplearrived.A.didn'ttouchB.touchedC.betouchedD.touch注意：suggest:表明，暗示陈述语气建议虚拟语气wasHerpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____（be)illandthat(should)besentshe________________(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist：坚持说，坚持认为坚持主张，坚持要求陈述语气虚拟语气hadn'tstolenHeinsistedthathe____________(notsteal)themoneyand(should)besetinsistedthathe_____________(set)free.6.主语从句中的虚拟语气（主要是it作形式主语）Itisnecessary/important/natural/strange/funny/surprising/apity/ashame/nowonder/suggested/advised/recommended/desired等thatsb(should)+doItisstrangethathe(should)havetreatedhisparentslikethat.ItisapitythatLucy(should)besocareless.Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.注意：以上句式也可用于陈述语气Itisstrangethathedidn'tcomeyesterday.Itisapitythatshecan'tsing.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy_____passtheexam.A.hasB.shouldC.wouldD.might