2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern her

1Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero曼德拉——南非首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。曼德拉是一位伟人，也是人们敬仰的英雄。对于曼德拉，你了解多少呢？NelsonMandela:SixThingsYouDidn'tKnowNelsonMandelawasveryfamous.Butherearesixthingsyoumaynothaveknownabouthim.1．Hewasaboxingfan.Inhisyouth,NelsonMandelaenjoyedboxingandlong­distancerunning.Evenduringthe27yearshespentinprison,hewouldexerciseeverymorning.2．HisoriginalnamewasnotNelson.RolihlahlaMandelawasnineyearsoldwhenateacherattheprimaryschoolwherehewasstudyinggavehimanEnglishname－Nelson.3．HewasonaUSterrorwatchlistuntil2008.MrMandelawasonlyabletovisittheUSwithspecialpermissionfromthesecretaryofstate,becausetheANChadbeenconsideredasaterroristorganizationbySouthAfrica'sformergovernment.4．Heforgothisglasseswhenhewasfreedfromprison.MrMandelawasfreedon11February,1990.Whenhepulledoutthetextofhisspeech,herealizedhehadforgottenhisreadingglassesandhadtoborrowhiswife's.5．Oncehedressedupasadrivertoescapethepolice.Heusedtodressupasadrivertoescapethepolicewhilegoingundergroundinthecountry.6．Hehadhisownlawfirm,butittookhimyearstogetalawdegree.MrMandelastudiedlawonandofffor50yearsfrom1939，failingabouthalfthecourseshetook.Hefinallygotalawdegreewhileinprisonin1989.[阅读障碍词]1．boxingn．拳击2．originaladj.最初的，起初的3．terrorn．恐怖4．permissionn．允许5．formeradj.以前的，前任的[诱思导读]2阅读短文，判断正误(T/F)1．NelsonMandelalikedboxingwhenhewasveryold.()2．NelsonMandelalefthisreadingglassesintheprisonwhenhewasfreed.()[答案]1.F2.TSectionⅠWarmingUp，Pre­reading&ReadingⅠ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.meanA．adj.法律的；依照法律的()2.selfishB．vt.投票；选举()3.lawyerC．n.暴力；暴行()4.legalD．n.联盟；同盟()5.feeE．n.律师()6.leagueF．n.费(会费、学费等)；酬金()7.violenceG．adj.不公正的；不公平的()8.voteH．adj.乐意的；自愿的()9.willingI．adj.自私的()10.unfairJ．adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的[答案]1－5JIEAF6－10DCBHGⅡ.选择下列词组的汉语意思A．失业B．爆炸C．求助于；致力于D．事实上E．在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑的处境中F．乐意做……()1.It'saniceplace.We'vestayedthereourselves，asamatteroffact.()2.Ifyoucan'tpaythebill，you'regoingtobeintrouble.()3.Inthatcity，nearlyonethirdofthepopulationisoutofworkandtheyhavenothingtodoeveryday.()4.Withnoonetoturntoinherdifficulttimes，mymotherfeltbad.()5.Thecompanyiswillingtoprovideuswithwhatweneeded.()6.Hewasputinprisonfortryingtoblowupaplane.[答案]1－6DEACFB3ELIAS'STORYMynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyer(律师)towhomIwentforadvice①.Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegal(法律的)problems.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful②.伊莱亚斯的故事我叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非一个穷苦的黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。当时我才12岁。那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求建议的黑人律师。他为黑人提供法律问题上的指导。他对此从不吝惜自己的时间，在这一点上我很感激他。[助读讲解]①towhom引导定语从句，修饰先行词theblacklawyer。介词to与从句中went搭配(gotosb.foradvice去某处寻求建议)。②forwhich引导定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschool③atsix.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyears④wasthreekilometresaway.Ihadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfees(学费)andthebusfare.Icouldnotreadorwritewell.Aftertryinghard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However，thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg⑤.SadlyIdidnothaveitbecauseIwasnotbornthere，andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.我需要他的帮助是因为我只受过很少的教育。我六岁开始上学。我仅仅读了两年的那所学校有三英里远。我不得不辍学，因为我的家庭无法支付学费和交通费。我既不会读，也不会写。几经周折，我才在一家金矿上找到一份工作。然而在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。可悲的是，我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，因而我担心我会失业。[助读讲解]③schooln．学校教育。④where引导定语从句，修饰theschool。⑤Thisis/wasatimewhen...这是一个……的时期。when引导定语从句，修饰atime。ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.Hetoldmehowtogetthecorrectpapers⑥soIcouldstayinJohannesburg.Ibecamemorehopeful(有希望的)aboutmyfuture.IneverforgothowkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoineditassoonasIcould.Hesaid：“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress⑦，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorights4atall⑧.”有纳尔逊·曼德拉帮助的日子是我一生中最快乐的时光。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚，应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来更充满了信心。我永远不会忘记曼德拉是多么善良。当他组织了非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。他说：“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。”[助读讲解]⑥papersn．证件。⑦see此处用了拟人化的写作手法，意为“目睹，见证”。⑧where引导定语从句，修饰先行词astage。Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(选举)orchoosetheirleaders.Theycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Noonecouldgrowfoodthere.InfactasNelsonMandelasaid：“...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment⑨.Wechosetoattackthelaws.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful;whenthiswasnotallowed...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence⑩.”他说的是事实。黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。他们不能做自己想做的工作。他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。他们被打发去居住的城镇之外的地方是南非最贫穷的地区。在那儿没有人能够种庄稼。事实上，就像纳尔逊·曼德拉所说的：“……我们被置于这样一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。我们选择向法律进攻。首先我们用和平的方式来打破原有的法律法规，而当这种方式也得不到允许时……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。”'[助读讲解]⑨inwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词aposition。⑩“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。Asamatteroffact,Idonotlikeviolence...butin1963Ihelpedhimblowup(爆炸)somegovernmentbuildings.ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaughtIcouldbeputinprison⑪.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieve⑫ourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal⑬．事实上，我并不喜欢暴力……但在1963年的时候，我帮