To-His-Coy-Mistress-分析及翻译

ToHisCoyMistressAndrewMarvellHadwebutworldenough,andtime,Thiscoyness,lady,werenocrime.WewouldsitdownandthinkwhichwayTowalk,andpassourlonglove'sday,ThoubytheIndianGangessideShouldstrubiesfind;IbythetideOfHumberwouldcomplain.IwouldLoveyoutenyearsbeforetheFlood,Andyoushould,ifyouplease,refuseTilltheconversionoftheJews.MyvegetableloveshouldgrowVasterthanempires,andmoreslow.AnhundredyearsshouldgotopraiseThineeyes,andonthyforeheadgaze;Twohundredtoadoreeachbreast,Butthirtythousandtotherest;Anageatleasttoeverypart,Andthelastageshouldshowyourheart.For,lady,youdeservethisstate,NorwouldIloveatlowerrate.ButatmybackIalwayshearTime'swingedchariothurryingnear;AndyonderallbeforeuslieDesertsofvasteternity.Thybeautyshallnomorebefound,Nor,inthymarblevault,shallsoundMyechoingsong;thenwormsshalltryThatlongpreserv'dvirginity,Andyourquainthonourturntodust,Andintoashesallmylust.Thegrave'safineandprivateplace,ButnoneIthinkdothereembrace.Nowtherefore,whiletheyouthfulhueSitsonthyskinlikemorningdew,AndwhilethywillingsoultranspiresAteveryporewithinstantfires,Nowletussportuswhilewemay,Andnow,likeam'rousbirdsofprey,Ratheratonceourtimedevour,Thanlanguishinhisslow-chaptpow'r.Letusrollallourstrength,andallOursweetness,upintooneball,AndtearourpleasureswithroughstrifeThoroughtheirongatesoflife:Thus,thoughwecannotmakeoursunStandstill,yetwewillmakehimrun.ToHisCoyMistressAPoembyAndrewMarvell(1621-1678)StudyGuideTypeofWork.......ToHisCoyMistress,acclaimedlongafterMarvell'sdeathamasterlywork,isalyricalpoemthatscholarsalsoclassifyasametaphysicalpoem.Metaphysicalpoetry,pioneeredbyJohnDonne,tendstofocusonthefollowing:Startlingcomparisonsorcontrastsofametaphysical(spiritual,transcendent,abstract)qualitytoaconcrete(physical,tangible,sensible)object.InToHisCoyMistress,forexample,Marvellcompareslovetoavegetable(line11)inawaggishmetaphor.Mockeryofidealizedromanticpoetrythroughcrudeorshockingimagery,asinlines27and28(thenwormsshalltry/Thatlongpreservedvirginity').Grossexaggeration(hyperbole),asinline15(twohundred[years]toadoreeachbreast].Expressionofpersonal,privatefeelings,suchasthosetheyoungmanexpressesinToHisCoyMistress.Presentationofalogicalargument,orsyllogism.InToHisCoyMistress,thisargumentmaybeoutlinedasfollows:(1)Wecouldspenddecadesorevencenturiesincourtshipiftimestoodstillandweremainedyoung.(2)Buttimepassesswiftlyandrelentlessly.(3)Therefore,wemustenjoythepleasureofeachothernow,withoutfurtherado.TheconclusionoftheargumentbeginsatLine33withNowtherefore.TheTitle.......Thetitlesuggests(1)thattheauthorlookedovertheshoulderofayoungmanashewroteapleatoayoungladyand(2)thattheauthorthenreportedthepleaexactlyastheyoungmanexpressedit.However,theauthoraddedthetitle,usingthethird-personpossessivepronounhistorefertotheyoungman.Thewordcoytellsthereaderthattheladyisnoeasycatch;thewordmistresscanmeanlady,manager,caretaker,courtesan,sweetheart,andlover.Itcanalsoserveasthefemaleequivalentofmaster.InToHisCoyMistress,thewordappearstobeasynonymforladyorsweetheart.Inreality,ofcourse,Marvellwrotetheentirepoem.ThePersona(TheYoungMan).......AlthoughAndrewMarvellwritesToHisCoyMistressinfirst-personpointofview,hepresentsthepoemasthepleaofanotherman(fictional,ofcourse).Thepoetentersthemindofthemanandreportshisthoughtsastheymanifestthemselves.Theyoungmanisimpatient,desperatelyso,unwillingtotoleratetemporizingonthepartoftheyounglady.Hismotivationappearstobecarnaldesireratherthantruelove;passionruleshim.Consequently,onemaydescribehimasimmatureandselfish.ThemeandSummary.......“ToHisCoyMistress”presentsafamiliarthemeinliterature—carpediem(meaningseizetheday),atermcoinedbytheancientRomanpoetQuintusHoratiusFlaccus,knownasHorace(65-8B.C.).HereisthegistofAndrewMarvell'spoem:Inresponsetoayoungman’sdeclarationsofloveforayounglady,theladyisplayfullyhesitant,artfullydemure.Butdallyingwillnotdo,hesays,foryouthpassesswiftly.Heandtheladymusttakeadvantageofthemoment,hesays,and“sportuswhilewemay.”Oh,yes,iftheyhad“worldenough,andtime”theywouldspendtheirdaysinidlepursuits,leisurelypassingtimewhiletheyoungmanheapspraisesontheyounglady.Buttheydonothavetheluxuryoftime,hesays,for“time'swingédchariot”iseverracingalong.Beforetheyknowit,theiryouthwillbegone;therewillbeonlythegrave.Andso,thepoetpleadshiscase:Seizetheday.MeterandRhymeThepoemisiniambictetrameter,witheightsyllables(fourfeet)perline.Eachfootconsistsofanunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedsyllable.ThelastsyllableofLine1rhymeswiththelastsyllableofline2,thelastsyllableofline3rhymeswiththelastsyllableofline4,thelastsyllableofline5rhymeswiththelastsyllableofline6,andsoon.Suchpairsofrhyminglinesarecalledcouplets.Thefollowingtwolines,whichopenthepoem,exhibitthemeterandrhymeprevailinginmostoftheothercoupletsinthepoem:......1..................2...................3...............4HadWE..|..butWORLD..|..eNOUGH..|..andTIME.......1............2...............3...............4ThisCOY..|..nessLA..|..dyWERE..|..noCRIMESettingThepoemdoesnotpresentasceneinaspecificplaceinwhichpeopleinteract.However,theyoungmanandtheyoungladypresumablylivesomewhereinEngland(t