动名词的用法总结

1动名词的用法总结李靖动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ing构成，否定形式为notdoing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语、状语和宾补。1作主语(动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being.动名词做主语谓语动词用单数)Seeingisbelieving.=Toseeistobelieve眼见为实。ComingtoHangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours.乘火车到杭州要16个小时。-----Whatmadehimangry?------Mary’s/My/His/HerTheir/Theboy’s/Thepresident’sbeinglate.比较：Beingexposedtothesunisharmfultotheskin.Beingexaminedtwiceayear,whetheritisacar,abusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.句型:It’snouse/nogooddoingsth做.......没有用处/好处It’sawasteoftimedoingsth做....浪费时间比较：Itisadjfor/ofsbtodosth.练习：1._________________inawell-knownuniversityiswhateveryonewishedforA.ThegirlwaseducatedB.ThegirleducatedC.Thegirl’sbeingeducatedD.Thegirltobeeducated2.----Whoistheman______totheteacher?-----Amodelworker______ourschool.A.talks,visitsB.istalking;isvisitingC.talking;visitingD.talking;visited参考答案：CC2.作定语（前置定语和后置定语）前置定语：一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如：swimmingpool游泳池readingmaterial阅读材料walkingstick手杖floatingneedle浮针openingspeech开幕词listeningaid助听器waitingroom候车室runningwater自来水workingpeople劳动人民sleepingchild熟睡孩子区别下面短语：thedevelopingcountries/thedevelopedcountriesthefalling/fallenleavesthepeoplepresent到场的人/thepresentpeople现在的人theremainingmoney/themoneyleft剩下的钱theboiling/boiledwater.后置定语：Therearemanypeople______(wait)outsidethehall.2Therearemanyproblems______(remain)tobesolved.Theflowers_______(smell)sweetattractalotofpeople.Therearemanypeople_______(invite)totheparty.Thefilm,______(set)inthe19thcentury,wonthemedal.Themeeting_________(hold)nowisofgreatimportance.Themeeting_________(hold)yesterdaywasofgreatimportance.Themeeting________(hold)tomorrowisofgreatimportance.Heisalwaysthefirst_______(come)andthelast_______(leave).Heistheonlyperson________(know)thetruth.Hewasthebest______(do)thejob.参考答案：waiting/remianing/smelling/invited/set/beingheld/held/tobeheld/tocome/toleave/toknow/todo3.作表语动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如：Hispart-timejobispromotingnewproductsforthecompany.（动名词）他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.（动名词）他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。比较下列区别excited/disappointed/frightened/pleased/satisfied/interested/puzzled/tiredexciting/disappointing/frightening/pleasing/satisfying/interesting/puzzling/tiringHeismovedbythemovingmovie.4.作宾语①考虑、建议和原谅，承认、推迟没得想像避免、继续练，否认完成停感谢不禁止介意准逃亡consider（考虑）;advise/suggest/propose/recommend(建议);excuse/pardon(原谅)；admit/acknowledge(承认)；delay/postpone/putoff(推迟);imagine/fancy(想像)；avoid（避免）；miss（错过）；practise（练习）;deny(否认);finish(完成);appreciate(感谢);forbid(禁止);mind(介意);escape(逃脱)；enjoy（享受）；risk(冒险)；tolerate/bear/stand/putupwith(容忍)；quit（停止）advocate（提倡）；resist（抵制）understand（理解）；allow/permit(允许)feellikedoingsth（喜欢做某事;giveupdoing(放弃做某事);keepdoing(不停的做某事);bebusydoingsth;can’thelpdoingsth（情不自禁）;beworthdoingsth(值得做某事)；havedifficulty/troubledoingsth(做...有困难/麻烦);haveahard/goodtimedoingsth;havefundoingsthItisnouse/gooddoingsth做.......没有用处/好处Thereisnopointindoingsth=Thereisnoneedtodosth没必要做某事It’sawasteoftimedoingsth做....浪费时间3Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdone值得做某事②forget，goon，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。forgettodosth_________________forgetdoingsth______________________goontodosth__________________goondoingsth______________________meantodosth____________________meandoingsth___________________regrettosay/tell/inform/announce__________________________________regretdoingsth/havingdone________________________________________remembertodosth_________________rememberdoingsth________________stoptodosth______________________stopdoingsth____________________trytodosth______________________trydoingsth____________________beafraidtodosth_________________beafraidofdoingsth______________besuretodosth__________________besureofdoingsth_______________Let’sgoonstudyingLesson6.（让我们继续学第六课。说明前面已学了一部分。）Let’sgoontostudyLesson6.（让我们接着学第六课。说明前面已学了第五课。）Irememberdoingtheexercise.（我记得做过练习。）Imustremembertodoit.（我必须记着做这事。）Itriednottogothere.（我设法不去那里。）Itrieddoingitagain.（我试着又干了一次。）Stopspeaking.（不要讲话。）Hestoppedtotalk.（他停下来讲话。）Imeantocomeearlytoday.（我打算今天早些来。）Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.（误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时）③在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.④动词need，require，want作“需要”解，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做，这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。beworth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。如：Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning/tobecleaned.Hermethodisworthtrying.⑤在短语devoteoneself/one’stimeto(把...贡献给...)；lookforwardto(期望)；payattentionto(注意)；attachimportanceto(重视)；beused/accustomedto(习惯于做某事)；whenitcomesto(当谈到做某事),getdownto(着手)；preferdoingsthtodoingsth（喜欢...而不喜欢）;turntodoingsth(转向)；thanksto(多亏);leadto(导致)；thekeytodoingsth(做某事的关键)；objectto/beopposedto(反对)；contributeto(有助于)；beaddicatedtodoingsth(沉湎于；对...上瘾)；makecontributionsto(对...做出贡献)；dueto（由于）；applyoneselfto(致力于)；stickto（坚持）；comecloseto（接近于）等后的动词也必须用动名词形式，例如：Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.4⑥在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。有时用动名词作宾语时，指一般情况，而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。⑦start，begin，continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。Itstart